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- R. S. BRUCE METALS & MACHINERY LTD
From grave to cradle: EV battery recycling Sam Haig, Battery - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
From grave to cradle: EV battery recycling Sam Haig, Battery - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
From grave to cradle: EV battery recycling Sam Haig, Battery Recycling Business Manager Dismantling the Future, November 2019 R. S. BRUCE METALS & MACHINERY LTD www.rsbruce.com Vehicle designs are experiencing a sea change with the growth of
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www.rsbruce.com Batteries and electrification are part of this trend and volumes will only increase Batteries and electrification are part of this trend and volumes will only increase
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www.rsbruce.com Batteries and electrification are part of this trend and volumes will only increase Batteries and electrification are part of this trend and volumes will only increase
Global Battery Alliance: A Vision for a Sustainable Battery Value Chain in 2030, 2019
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www.rsbruce.com Batteries and electrification are part of this trend and volumes will only increase Batteries and electrification are part of this trend and volumes will only increase
European Commission: Lithium-ion batteries for mobility and stationary storage applications, 2018
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www.rsbruce.com End of life treatment of batteries could be a multi-billion dollar industry End of life treatment of batteries could be a multi-billion dollar industry worldwide worldwide
Global Battery Alliance: A Vision for a Sustainable Battery Value Chain in 2030, 2019
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www.rsbruce.com Electric and other AF vehicle sales are growing year on year Electric and other AF vehicle sales are growing year on year
10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000 70,000 80,000 90,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Vehicles sold BEV PHEV
Over 200,000 vehicles sold to date
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www.rsbruce.com Sales of vehicles today means EL(E)Vs tomorrow Sales of vehicles today means EL(E)Vs tomorrow
5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 Vehicles reaching end of life (est) BEV PHEV How can recyclers meet this challenge?
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www.rsbruce.com At the moment ELV waste has a positive value, but that may well change At the moment ELV waste has a positive value, but that may well change
+£100
- £500
?
2019 ELV waste (2000-2010 sales) 70% steel 5% aluminium 10% polymer 15% others 2040 ELV waste (2025-2035 sales) 40%? electric battery 30%? composites 30%? others
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www.rsbruce.com When it comes to end of life, electric vehicles present challenges for recyclers When it comes to end of life, electric vehicles present challenges for recyclers
How do we tell whether a vehicle contains a battery? What is the value of an EV at end of first life? How can damaged vehicles be handled safely? Collection Where are packs positioned and how are they removed? What specialist equipment is needed to remove packs? How can packs be stored safely after removal? Depollution How can high voltage packs be handled safely? What dismantling procedure must be followed? How are welds and glued parts dealt with efficiently? Dismantling What communication protocols do packs use? What testing regimes and criteria will determine whether a pack/module is good or bad? Reuse How can cells be processed safely? What materials should be recovered for most value? How can I be sure recycling complies with battery regs? Recycling
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www.rsbruce.com Batteries are complex constructions containing cells that come in multiple Batteries are complex constructions containing cells that come in multiple formats and chemistries formats and chemistries Packs are divided into modules and contain metals, plastics, PCBs…
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www.rsbruce.com Batteries are complex constructions containing cells that come in multiple Batteries are complex constructions containing cells that come in multiple formats and chemistries formats and chemistries Cells come in several different formats and chemistries for different applications
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www.rsbruce.com At present, there are only a handful of battery recyclers in Europe, and At present, there are only a handful of battery recyclers in Europe, and many are exported further afield many are exported further afield
Umicore Belgium Accurec Germany Duesenfeld Germany SNAM France Akkuser Finland European capacity <20,000 te/yr
Transport is difficult and expensive Most treatment is through expensive and high energy metallurgical processes Many “recyclers” only sort Total cost per 300 kg EV pack £1,000-2,000
Significant volumes are exported to Asia for recycling
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www.rsbruce.com The economics of recycling are highly variable The economics of recycling are highly variable
LME.com: Cobalt cash buyer price Cobalt price 2016-19, $/tonne
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www.rsbruce.com Second life applications are possible for some batteries but there is limited Second life applications are possible for some batteries but there is limited capacity capacity
McKinsey: Second-life EV batteries: The newest value pool in energy storage, 2019
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www.rsbruce.com R S Bruce is addressing the challenge of lithium-ion battery recycling R S Bruce is addressing the challenge of lithium-ion battery recycling
Process plant metal recovery Dismantling and removal Specialist equipment design Crushing and grading Non-destructive cleaning Contract blending Heat treatment and drying Analytical services and R&D
R S Bruce core skills
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RS Bruce is addressing the growing volume of end of life lithium-ion batteries by establishing a UK-based treatment and material recycling process. Current processes are all based in mainland Europe, requiring expensive and time-consuming transport. The process will build on RS Bruce’s track record of innovation in metal recovery through advanced material processing, chemistry, and metallurgy.
R S Bruce is addressing the challenge of lithium-ion battery recycling R S Bruce is addressing the challenge of lithium-ion battery recycling
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Cells are discharged, dismantled, and recycled. The process recovers all major parts of the cell: metals, plastics, graphite, and cathode powder. Recovery rates are >80%. The process is safe, low-energy, and environmentally-friendly.
R S Bruce is addressing the challenge of lithium-ion battery recycling R S Bruce is addressing the challenge of lithium-ion battery recycling
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- R. S. BRUCE METALS & MACHINERY LTD