Frames for sortal, relational, and functional concepts Wiebke - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures Frames for sortal, relational, and functional concepts Wiebke Petersen Heinrich-Heine-Universit¨ at D¨ usseldorf Research group on “Functional Concepts and Frames” www.phil-fak.uni-duesseldorf.de/˜petersen/ CTF 2007, D¨ usseldorf Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures outline Classification of concepts (L ¨ obner) 1 Frames 2 Definition of frames Classification of frames Attributes and type signatures 3 Attributes and functional concepts Type signatures and minimal upper attributes Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures outline Classification of concepts (L ¨ obner) 1 Frames 2 Definition of frames Classification of frames Attributes and type signatures 3 Attributes and functional concepts Type signatures and minimal upper attributes Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures outline Classification of concepts (L ¨ obner) 1 Frames 2 Definition of frames Classification of frames Attributes and type signatures 3 Attributes and functional concepts Type signatures and minimal upper attributes Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures concept classification person, pope, house, verb, sun, Mary, wood, brother, mother, meaning, distance, spouse, argument, entrance Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures concept classification: relationality person, pope, house, verb, sun, Mary, non-relational wood brother, mother, meaning, distance, relational spouse, argument, entrance L¨ obner Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures concept classification: uniqueness of reference non-unique refer- unique reference ence person, house, non-relational Mary, pope, sun verb, wood brother, argument, mother, meaning, relational entrance distance, spouse L¨ obner Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures concept classification non-unique refer- unique reference ence individual con- non-relational sortal concept cept proper relational functional con- relational concept cept L¨ obner Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures concept classification non-unique refer- unique reference ence individual con- non-relational sortal concept cept proper relational functional con- relational concept cept L¨ obner Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures outline Classification of concepts (L ¨ obner) 1 Frames 2 Definition of frames Classification of frames Attributes and type signatures 3 Attributes and functional concepts Type signatures and minimal upper attributes Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures frames Barsalou (1992) Frames, Concepts, and Conceptual Fields Frames provide the fundamental representation of knowledge in human cognition. At their core, frames contain attribute-value sets . Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures example:passport frame Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures lolly -frame red R O L O C S H A P E body round P R BODY O D U C E R lolly factory R E STICK C U D O R P COLOR stick green S H A P E long Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures frame definition Definition red COLOR Frames are rooted, connected, directed graphs with SHAPE body round PRODUCER Y D one central node (here: O B double-encircled) lolly factory PRODUCER S T I C nodes labeled with types K COLOR stick green arcs labeled with attributes SHAPE no node with two equally long labeled outgoing arcs Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures type hierarchy and frame subsumption ⊤ object taste temperature color shape stick body lolly sour sweet hot cold red green blue round long factory PRODUCER STICK COLOR object stick color STICK COLOR lolly stick green SHAPE SHAPE long long Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures terminology Definition A node is a root of a frame if all other nodes can be reached from it by a path of directed arcs. Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures terminology Definition A node is a root of a frame if all other nodes can be reached from it by a path of directed arcs. Definition A node is a source if it has no incoming arc. Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures lolly -frame (sortal concept) red R O L O C E S H A P body round P R BODY O D U C E R lolly factory R E STICK C U D O R P C O L O R stick green SHAPE long Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures lolly -frame (sortal concept) red COLOR S H A P E body round PRODUCER BODY lolly factory PRODUCER S T I C K COLOR stick green S H A P E long central node = root = source Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures stick -frame (functional concept) factory PRODUCER STICK COLOR object stick green SHAPE long Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures stick -frame (functional concept) factory PRODUCER STICK COLOR object stick green SHAPE long central node � = root = source Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures sister -frame (proper relational concept) person person MOTHER FATHER MOTHER FATHER S E X person person female � = Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures sister -frame (proper relational concept) person person MOTHER FATHER MOTHER FATHER S E X person person female � = no root & central node = source Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures classification of acyclic frame graphs C: central node, R: root, S: source C = R C = S ∃ R ∃ S typical graph frame class + + + + sortal − − + + functional − + − + proper relational − − − + ??? Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures 4th frame class: not lexicalized? person person FATHER FATHER MOTHER MOTHER person person � = FATHER SEX person female relational concept: father of a niece Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures 4th frame class: not lexicalized? brother in law male person person FATHER MOTHER FATHER X E MOTHER S SPOUSE person person person � = Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures 4th frame class: not lexicalized? brother in law male person person FATHER MOTHER FATHER X E MOTHER S SPOUSE person person person � = male person person F A T H MOTHER FATHER E X R E R S E H T O M SPOUSE person person person � = Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures 4th frame class: not lexicalized? brother in law male person person FATHER MOTHER FATHER X E MOTHER S SPOUSE person person person � = “male person who is the spouse of someone who has a sibling” male person person F A T H MOTHER FATHER E X R E R S E H T O M SPOUSE person person person � = “male person whose spouse has a sibling” Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen

Classification of concepts Frames Attributes and type signatures concept classification and frame graphs relationality The arguments of relational concepts are modeled in frames person person as sources that are not identical to MOTHER FATHER the central node. MOTHER FATHER functionality S E X person person female � = The functionality of functional factory concepts is modeled by an PRODUCER incoming arc at the central node. STICK COLOR object stick green SHAPE conclusion long The concept classification is reflected by the properties of the frame graphs. Concept Frames Wiebke Petersen