EV Charging Infrastructure Costs and funding opportunities SBN, 2 March 2017
Introduction Background § Engenie is building a nationwide rapid charging service at key locations providing Engenie speed, innovation, reliability, convenience anticipates and compatibility for drivers of all types of 650 units in electric vehicle while helping to contribute the UK by towards improved local air quality. 2021 § Engenie has developed a strategy to provide a commercially robust solution that is designed to meet the needs of drivers and landlords. § We provide fully managed, EV charging solutions for use by consumers or commercial drivers, allowing them to fully charge their vehicles when and where it is convenient. § The technology and communications behind the network is managed through our back office and multi-platform software that provides live charge point status, driver route planning and ‘PAYG’ point of sale through a mobile app or RFID card at the charge points. Engenie Site Options 2
Bloomberg Report: Oil Displacement risk from the EV market 3
UK: Fast Growing EV Market Overview Incentives Encouraging the use of EV’s § Recent years have shown a surge in the demand for EVs in the UK. There are Grants currently c.37.5m licensed road vehicles in the UK – of these, registrations of § The total commitment in Government grants (2016-2020) of £600m electric cars increased from 3,500 (2013) to c.75,000 (2016) § Plug In Car Grant - Government's scheme to encourage purchase of “green” cars: § As a result of sustained government and private investment, the UK network of ‒ £4,500 for eligible category 1 vehicles (0 emission range of>70 miles) EV charging points has increased from a few hundred in 2011 to more than 9,500 ‒ in December 2015. The proportion of charger types has also changed with an £2,500 for eligible category 2 & 3 vehicles (0 emission range of 10 to 70 increase in high power (rapid) units installed miles) § § It is estimated that there could be 4 to 7m charging points installed in the UK by EV charge points at home being funded by government 2030, with total rapid charging points estimated at 10,000 to 20,000 compared to Taxes nearly 1000 UK rapid charge points currently installed § Zero road tax or congestion charge for electric cars § 5% VAT if charged at home versus 20% for gasoline / diesel PEV Growth in Volume and % UK in the top 3 EU § 100% first year tax allowance for businesses purchasing EVs countries in terms of Netherlands 28 183% sales Government policy Norway 14 71% § Government commitment (signed at COP21) for all new passenger vehicles 2014 UK 14 103% sold in the UK to be zero emission by 2050 2015 France 11 § 68% National Planning requirements for 10% of new retail, workplace and Germany 11 residential development car parks to provide EV charge points 82% § London to have 9,000 electric taxis by 2020 with TfL to ensure 50% of car club 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 fleets will be electric within the next 10 years (£65m is being provided by TfL ‘000s to help with this initiative) Growth in UK Charging Points (2014-2016) § Ultra Low Emission zones such as the London ULEZ* Slow Fast Rapid DC Rapid AC 12,000 § All vehicles driving in central London to meet new exhaust 9,000 emission standards (effect from 6,000 Sep 2020) § TfL’s bus fleet will be upgraded 3,000 so that all double deck buses 0 will be hybrid and all single deck May 14 Jul 14 Sep 14 Nov 14 Jan 15 Mar 15 May 15 Jul 15 Sep 15 Nov 15 Jan 16 Mar 16 will be electric by 2020 4
Significant Growth in Electric Vehicles The Electric Vehicle Market Place Global EV Sales (2013-2015) Global EV sales reached over a million in September 2015 - driven by: 100,000 § Environment 2014 2015 2016 80,000 - Significantly lower CO 2 emissions than petrol fuelled vehicles 60,000 - No diesel fumes with toxic NO X gases and fine particulates - No noise pollution 40,000 § Lower costs 20,000 - Higher upfront costs offset by lower ‘fuel’ costs per mile than petrol or 0 diesel. Battery costs are declining, ensuring that upfront costs will continue Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec to fall Source: cleantechnica.com - Lower maintenance costs – electric vehicles do not need a gearbox, air Costs comparison per 100 Miles in £ filter, oil filter, clutch, spark plugs, fuel injectors, water pump, radiator, timing belt and starter motor Type Urban Combined Highway - In many countries, no road taxes applicable and parking is free § Energy security Ford Focus (Diesel) – 17,915 13.83 11.74 10.41 - When combined with local energy production such as renewables or Audi A1 (Petrol) – £15,720 12.21 11.29 10.21 nuclear, the energy supply chain will become much less reliant on oil and associated geopolitics Nissan Leaf (Electric), £25,230* 3.24 2 3.89 2 4.86 2 § Government support * after £4.5k grant. Price could be lowered to c. £15k if battery is leased for c. £70 per month - The Government has invested £1billion to date into the UK EV market. This 2 assuming 85% overnight home charging at 7p/kWh and 15% out of home charging at 36p/kWh includes EV purchase incentives, tax reliefs, infrastructure subsidies and Battery Costs planning policies (s (see Appe Appendi dix A) A) Cost for Lithium-ion Battery Packs Electric Vehicle Manufacturers 1200 Battery costs are a third of § On the back of its all electric super fast Roadster, luxury sedan Model S and SUV the cost of building an EV - $ per Kilowatt Hour 1000 Model X, Tesla launched compact sedan Model 3 - 400,000 reservation orders as costs continue to fall, have already been made 800 demand for EVs will rise. Actual § Tesla is building the worlds Most traditional car manufacturers are following suit: Nissan (Leaf), Renault 600 largest ($5bn) lithium-ion (Fluence) GM (Volt), Ford (Focus), Peugeot Citroen (Partner Electric) with others 400 battery plant (completion producing electric plug-in hybrid vehicles 1 : BMW (i3), Audi (E-tron), Volkswagen Estimated Range due in 2017) – estimated to 200 (E-Golf), Porsche (E-Hybrid) and Mitsubishi (Outlander). Both Apple and Google drive down costs by c.50-70% are also developing electric vehicles ( Se See Appe Appendi dices B & C) C) 0 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 1 electric vehicles with ‘range extenders’ in the form of petrol / gas engine as opposed to Source: Bloomberg New Energy Finance hybrid vehicles , which batteries are charged by the combustion engine 5
EVs to become mass market – Headlines since May 2016 Jaguar reveals I-Pace EV... BMW confirms plans for all-electric X3... Mercedes to arrive in 2019... Uber launches London EV trial... Toyota to launch pure EV by 2020... New Renault Zoe Z.E. 40 on sale in UK... Plug-in plans for Seat... EV tipping point due in 2027... VW reveals I.D. electric concept... Thee Audi EV’s due by 2020... New plug-in BMW 3-Series planned for 2018... VW Group plans 30 new EVs by 2025... Plans progress for plug-in black cab... Tesla Model 3 reservations reach 400,000... 6
Increase in charging related to EV sales Electric car sales in the UK 2013-2016 Electric car sales in the UK 2013 2016 Plug Plug-in EV Sales in EV Sales % of new cars % of new cars 2.0% 8,000 8,000 1.8% 7,000 7,000 1.6% 6,000 6,000 1.4% 5,000 5,000 1.2% 1.0% 4,000 4,000 0.8% 3,000 3,000 0.6% 2,000 2,000 0.4% 1,000 1,000 0.2% 0.0% 0 Jan-11 May-11 Sep-11 Jan-12 May-12 Sep-12 Jan-13 May-13 Sep-13 Jan-14 May-14 Sep-14 Jan-15 May-15 Sep-15 Jan-16 May-16 Sep-16 12,180 67,000 4,000 47 Total kWh delivered across all CPs, by time of visit UK Charge Pts Plug-in Cars Plug-in Vans Plug-in Models Mar 2017 Ma 2017 kWh delivered UK Jan 2017 UK UK Jan 2017 UK UK UK Jan 2017 3,500 (Zap-Ma (Z Map) (A (Approx.) (Approx.) (A (Plus variants) (P 3,000 kWh delivered 2,500 2,000 Rapid Chargers – 11 April 2016 1,500 1,000 500 0 2183 984 696 DEVICES LOCATIONS CONNECTORS 7
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