ESMAP Solar Mapping Pakistan Solar Resource Measurement Campaign Summary Islamabad 7 March 2017 Qazi Sabir Birk Kraas PITCO Pvt Ltd CSP Services GmbH
ESMAP weather stations in Pakistan • Tier 1 stations – Islamabad – Bahawalpur (QASP) • Tier 2 stations – Peshawar – Lahore – Multan – Quetta – Khuzdar – Hyderabad – Karachi Covering a wide range of different climates that exist in Pakistan
Equipment: Tier1 stations • High quality, research-grade solar sensors • Sun tracker with pyrheliometer and pyranometers – one sensor for each component of solar irradiance (GHI, DNI, DHI) • Additional meteorological sensors: Temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction at 10m, barometric pressure CMP21 Pyranometer (GHI, DHI) with ventilation unit Shading assembly w. shading ball CHP1 Pyrheliometer (DNI) Sun tracker
Equipment: Tier2 stations • Robust solar sensors for field deployment • Rotating shadowband irradiometer (RSI) and pyranometer • Additional meteorological sensors: Temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction at 10m, barometric pressure CMP10 Pyranometer (GHI) Silicon photodiode(s) RSI (GHI, DNI, DHI) Motor Rotating shadowband
Installation of weather stations Station Installation date Installed by Amount of data (months) Islamabad 2014-10-25 CSPS, PITCO 28* QASP 2014-10-16 CSPS, PITCO 26** Peshawar 2015-04-10 PITCO 22 Lahore 2014-10-22 CSPS, PITCO 28 Multan 2014-10-20 CSPS, PITCO 28 Quetta 2015-09-17 PITCO 17 Khuzdar 2015-09-22 PITCO 17 Hyderabad 2015-04-21 PITCO 22 Karachi 2015-04-22 PITCO 22 * 3 months without DNI/DHI measurement due to tracker defect ** 3 months without DNI/DHI measurement due to tracker defect, 2 months no data due to power supply failure
Maintenance • Ongoing maintenance by the station hosts: – Sensor cleaning (Tier1: daily; Tier 2: weekly) – Visual inspection – Security against theft/vandalism • Scheduled maintenance visits by PITCO (green: normal operation; dark green: maintenance visit; orange: maintenance visit planned but not carried out
PITCO‘s Role • Site assessment visits • Co-ordination with site hosts • Supervision of civil works • Installation of Tier 1 and Tier 2 stations on 9 locations • Regular Maintenance of all 9 solar measurement stations • Provision of Data-Sims for regular data transfer from stations
Maintenance Visits • Regular maintenance carried out for 9 solar measurement stations in Lahore, Islamabad, Karachi, Jamshoro, Peshawar, Multan, Bahawalpur, Quetta, and Khuzdar • Close coordination with CSP Services and Station Hosts for successful execution of maintenance visits • Excellent support received from both Site Hosts and CSP Services
Maintenance of Weather Stations • Ensuring proper functioning and alignment of all sensors. • Checking all equipment for damage. • Correcting, any detected problems, and gather information which might help to correct measurement data (also data previously measured), e.g. wind direction, sensor misalignment, irradiation sensor misalignment, soiling of irradiation sensor etc. • Going through the daily/weekly cleaning procedure with the site hosts
Maintenance Visit Pictures (Tier 1) Levelling of Alignment of Pyranometers Pyrheliometer
Maintenance Visit Pictures (Tier 1) Visual Inspection
Maintenance Visit Pictures (Tier 2) Levelling of Pyranometer is LI-COR Sensor misaligned
Data acquisition and data quality control • CSP Services collects data via GSM • Daily data quality check – Automatic tests (consistency, gaps, physical limits, …) – Visual check by experienced operators • Daily excel reports by email to all interested parties • Data published on www.energydata.info FREE OF COST !
Measurement data completeness
Measurement data completeness Avg. Data completeness Station GHI DNI DHI Islamabad 100 % 88 % 88% QASP 92 % 80% 80 % Peshawar 100 % 100 % 100 % Lahore 97 % 97 % 97 % Multan 100 % 100 % 100 % Quetta 100 % 100 % 100 % Khuzdar 100 % 100 % 100 % Hyderabad 100 % 100 % 100 % Karachi 100 % 100 % 100 % • Mostly very good data completeness and smooth operation • Three main events prevented 100% completeness – Tracker hardware defect in QASP Dec 2014, tracker from Islamabad moved to QASP, and long time for replacing (issues with customs clearance caused a long delay) – Power supply outage in QASP mid 2016 (defect in the surge protection) – Recently trouble with power supply at Lahore station
Cleaning schedule adherence • All station hosts have provided the cleaning of sensors free of cost, and voluntary ! • It is a huge task to carry this out over two years ! Our sincere gratitude to all station hosts
Measurement data uncertainty Measurement uncertainty: difference between theoretical datasheet accuracy (controlled environment) and field conditions – Tier1: • Theoretical*: DNI ±2% GHI ±3% • Achieved: DNI ~ 2% GHI ~ 3-4% – Tier 2: • Theoretical**: DNI ±3%, GHI ±2% • Achieved: 3-5% (depending on cleaning schedule adherence) *NREL Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications ** S. Wilbert, Uncertainty of RSI and Si-Pyranometers including the spectral irradiance error
Summary • 24 months solar irradiation measurement campaign carried out, extended by 6 months • Data with good quality was measured • Data is used for adaptation and validation of satellite models • Data is available for the general public
Thank you very much for your attention!
Recommend
More recommend
