EMBEDDED SYSTEMS ACTIVITIES @IISc, 2010 - 11 Main activities - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS ACTIVITIES

@IISc, 2010 - 11

Main activities

• Research in various departments
• Development support for products
• Entrepreneurship activities
• Curriculum development and training

Research activities

2010 onwards

Research areas

• System design

– Design of embedded systems – Verification and testing – SOC – Low power DSP blocks – Reconfigurable machines for communication systems

• Circuit and sensors

– Low power circuits for embedded applications – Design of MEMs sensors and sensor network components – Energy harvesting systems

Departments and areas

• CEDT: System design (7)
• CSA: Software for ES (2)
• ECE: Low power SOC and MEMs (2)
• ME: MEMs sensors (2)
• SERC: SOC and verification (2)
• Nano Science and Technology: (8)

Some statistics for 2010

• Number of PhD (2010): 8
• Number of MSc (Engg): 10
• Number of ongoing projects (industry and

government support): more than 20

Typical research topics

• Verification of mixed signal circuits
• Reconfigurable DSP blocks for specific applications
• Reconfigurable decoders for error control
• New arithmetic for low power digital filters
• Strategies for interference mitigation in coexistence situations
• Low power radio for embedded systems
• DRM
• Energy neutral sensors: protocols and base energy saving
• MEMS and CMOS integration on SOC

Directed research and development

2010 onwards

18-Mar-11

Capabilities: Technology space

Domain labs: India centric apps: Energy generation, management, healthcare, infotainment Embedded Systems Networking & Telecom

18-Mar-11

Current work …1

• 1. Solar energy for lighting
• Considerable energy used for lighting in buildings during the day
• Significant saving if solar energy is used
• No storage
• Connectivity from the grid for back up
• Embedded system wireless control for the entire floor
• 2. Sensor networks for diverse applications

– Embedded sensors distributed over a geographic area – Customizable sensors: cameras, microphones, weather monitors, pollution sensors ...... – Integrated into a social networking site (custom built) – Immediate applications: disaster warning, traffic control

18-Mar-11

Current work …2

• 3. Delay Tolerant Networks for rural applications
• a. Large delays (up to one day) tolerated
• b. Embedded system with multiple connectivity

c. Low seed connectivity used for queries and “telegrams” and high speed for data transfers

• d. Public information system and email delivery applications
• 4. Energy neutral sensors
• a. Energy harvesting techniques
• b. Optimal usage of energy for longest possible NW life time

Protocols, circuit techniques, network “intelligence”.....

Mule on a Bicycle

The system

Embedded System

DATA MONITORING AND CONTROL PLATFORM

An open source Project

PLATFORM

REAL TIME INFORMATION MANAGEMENT REAL TIME Reception REAL TIME Processing REAL TIME information distribution

APPLICATION AREAS

SECURITY ALERT SYSTEM

Applications

TRANSPORT INFORMATION SYSTEM DISASTER MANAGEMENT WEATHER MONITORING SYSTEM

TRANSPORT INFORMATION SYSTEM

 Real time vehicle tracking Vehicle status maintained in a central server Status analyzed and advice sent to user as SMS Assist information management in personal vehicles, fleet of trucks, service vehicles

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Gather Process Distribute

Disaster Information Processing

TARGET SPECIFICATIONS Data gathering SMS: 250 messages per hour Pictures: Embedded camera system with Flikr upload interface Twitter: sensor data with embedded sensors with Twitter upload interface Cell phone interfaces: Currently android Data aggregation Open Source tool : Swift River

Aggregation of 6, 000 messages/day, SMS, Twitter, email, flikr……

Processing and analytics, inference engine, User alerts and messages Dedicated system (LAMP architecture)

Person Recognition Based on Automatic Learning

For security applications

Need Statement

To monitor continuously presence of a person or persons in an enclosure (like seat in a Cockpit) and to alert if the person changes in the enclosure Requirements and Assumptions :

• Meant for aircraft safety
• Persons authenticated for first ten minutes in the beginning when the

enclosure is first occupied (say, during take-off)

• Applicable to all seats inside cockpit.
• Non Cooperative Process: the occupants don’t participate in any

authentication process

• Possible Events :

 Absence of Pilot from his seat.  Presence of unknown person in the pilot’s seat.

Remote Server (for configuration) RECOGNITION SYSTEM Neural Network Event Registration Pattern Analyzer

• Face
• Audio
• Pressure Pattern

CAMERA ARRAY

Inside cockpit

PRESSURE SENSOR ARAY

On control wheel

MIC Array

Configurations (Flight Settings)

Event updates

BLOCK OVERVIEW OF THE SYSTEM

Face Detection

• By skin color - red chrominance
• By motion – Consecutive frame subtraction,

detect blinking

• Model-based
• Combination

Speaker Detection

• Consists of :
• Feature Extraction
• Feature Matching
• Pitch is not a reliable feature
• Perceived frequency depends upon amplitude, receiver, timbre
• Mel-Frequency Cepstrum Coefficients
• 19 Mel Cepstra, 19 delta Cepstra
• Obtained by DCT of log magnitude FFT of sampled audio.
• Model speaker’s voice (GMM-UBM)
• Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) for speaker
• Universal Background Model (UBM)

Wish Specifications

• Reliability of recognition ~ 99%.
• Maximum time delay between event and its

registration ~5 sec.

• Detection and tracking at 15 fps.
• Max. video resolution 640*480 pixels (VGA),

preferable 320 X 288

• No. of cameras : 2-6.
• Find a method to measure reliability.

Energy Neutral Sensors

PV and Thermal energy based

Specifications

• No external power source
• Harvested from PV and Thermal sources

(Peltier block)

• At least 4 sensors
• Energy storage with super capacitors
• Transmission and storage strategies
• Network based data gathering exploiting

dense sensor deployment

Current status

• Energy neutral system with temp, insolation,

humidity, soil moisture and one other optional parameter functional

• Harvesting with a 20 cm2 solar panel, 5 cm2

Peltier block

• Tests underway for throughput and speed
• Platforms available for experiments

Entrepreneurial activities

2010 onwards

18-Mar-11

Some Observations

• 1. Risk taking is almost nonexistent among students

and faculty members

• 2. They are technically sound
• 3. May develop product for nearly production level
• 4. IISc focus in on research and NOT much on

innovation and product development

• 5. IISc incubation is largely open only to students,

alumnae, and faculty… counter to point 1

Incubation Partner IISc

Idea reception from labs in IISc and external sources (web based) Committee for evaluation of ideas and preliminary selection Quick prototyping, demonstration, first level user feedback, and idea selection Ideas from faculty members, students, incubation Centre Testing and evaluation, Release of product documents IISc Digital Product Lab Product development, Incubation

Final Specifications, Timelines, Business models

Pilot production, Customer contact and field testing, IP portfolio management, Investor contact.... Vision, Mission, Objectives, Areas of interest Product Launch Faculty research

Product development cycle

Finished product

Research and innovation cycle

Digital Product Lab (DPL)

• Set up at IISc consisting of

– Embedded labs (with others like Intel, Freescale, Xilinx...) – ID Lab (CEDT and CPDM) – Rapid prototyping (CPDM) – Testing lab with all test facilities – Wireless communication systems lab...

Use of the DPL

• For developing products requested from the

selection process

• For developing ideas of IISc researchers
• For developing products suggested by others

and selected by the selection process

Curriculum activities

2010 onwards

Embedded Curriculum Initiative: Objectives

• To encourage embedded systems innovation

in India with university as the fulcrum and the epicentre from which the innovation propagates to the industry, academia, and startups.

– Developing appropriate curricula – Setting up state-of-the-art labs – Integrating innovation as well as incubation with the curricula in universities

Key elements

• Embedded Systems Curriculum
• Lab : Set up, Lab exercises and mini projects
• Student Internships
• Curriculum Development Workshops
• Faculty Training
• Consortium of participating institutes

Phases of Lab exercises

• Level 1: Familiarization exercises: For those not yet familiar

with Embedded Systems, a set of small exercises would be provided that would help familiarize them with a few basic concepts.

• Level 2: Preset Exercises: As a part of the regular course that

is being recommended, a set of very small exercises/projects would be provided that could be completed in a couple of lab sessions.

• Level 3: Mini Projects: These exercises would train the

candidate in depth in one of the applications of the embedded system

Other activities...1

• Curriculum Development Workshops

– Introducing model curriculum on Embedded Systems and facilitating the adaptation of the curriculum in institutions

• Faculty Training

– hands on including setting up of the lab and conducting the course in their respective

• institutes. The training would comprise of theory

and lab

Other activities...2

• Consortium of participating institutes:

– collaborative model of education could be tried

• Curriculum material preparation:

– cooperative mode between teachers from different intuitions trough author workshops, writing workshops, and meeting with publishers

Intel Initiatives @ IISc

2010 onwards

Intel supported Embedded Lab

Product idea Embedded system Hardware OS Domain lab Applications

The lab

Support by the lab

• Design of HW or selection of existing

hardware optimally for a given product

• HW development, fabrication, and testing
• Typical embedded OS on hardware
• Application development process and tools
• Help in packaging in collaboration with

another lab

• Testing, documentation

Satellites of the lab

• Domain labs

– Sensor networks in agriculture, ddisaster warning and recovery, health care and transportation

• Analytics in image processing and web data
• Product design and fabrication
• Operating systems lab
• Hardware, co-design, and verification labs

Outcomes of the lab

• HW and SW for specific systems
• Applications in collaboration with other labs
• Support to entrepreneurs as an incubation set up
• Interns from institutions
• IISc student projects
• Open source courses: Offering within IISc and

elsewhere

• Continuing education courses: Boot camps

Other labs in Embedded systems

• Labs supported for their respective Embedded Systems

– Freescale, Intel, TI, Xilinx

• SMDP Lab: Lab for design of VLSI with high-end tools like

Synopsis, Cadence, Magma, Mentor, Coware, verification tools....

• MEMS design lab
• Electronics systems lab with instruments to test up to 10 GHz

clock rates

• PCB design, fabrication, and assembly lab, Industrial design

studio and Department for product development

• Nano lab: characterization lab, fabrication lab

THANKS

• Questions
• Comments, suggestions
• Partnership offers
• Tearing down ideas......