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The F The First MDPI rst MDPI Lincoln Lincoln University University University University DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOL DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOL DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOLATILES DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOLATILES TILES TILES International

slide-1
SLIDE 1

The F The First MDPI– rst MDPI– Lincoln Lincoln University University

DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOL DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOLATILES TILES DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOL DIFFERENTIAL AROMA VOLATILES TILES IN NON IN NON IN NON IN NON-CLIMACTERIC NEAR CLIMACTERIC NEAR CLIMACTERIC NEAR CLIMACTERIC NEAR-

University University Internati International nal Conference on Conference on F d F d

IN NON IN NON IN NON IN NON-CLIMACTERIC NEAR CLIMACTERIC NEAR CLIMACTERIC NEAR CLIMACTERIC NEAR- ISOGENIC LINES OF ISOGENIC LINES OF MELON AS MELON AS ISOGENIC LINES OF ISOGENIC LINES OF MELON AS MELON AS

Foo

  • ods

BIOMARKERS OF DIFFERENCES OF BIOMARKERS OF DIFFERENCES OF BIOMARKERS OF DIFFERENCES OF BIOMARKERS OF DIFFERENCES OF FLESH FIRMNES FLESH FIRMNESS A AT HAR HARVEST EST FLESH FIRMNES FLESH FIRMNESS A AT HAR HARVEST EST FLESH FIRMNES FLESH FIRMNESS A AT HAR HARVEST EST FLESH FIRMNES FLESH FIRMNESS A AT HAR HARVEST EST

10 10 12 APRIL 2013 12 APRIL 2013

T echnical University of Cartagena chnical University of Cartagena

10 10-12 APRIL 2013 12 APRIL 2013

  • N. Dos-Santos
  • N. Dos-Santos

M.C. Bueso M.C. Bueso J P F J P Fernández Trujillo Trujillo

(UPCT). (UPCT). Spain Spain

J.P. Fernández Fernández-Trujillo Trujillo

SEEDS SEEDS SEEDS SEEDS

TRANSPL TRANSPLANT NT TRANSPL TRANSPLANT NT GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH ‘Piel de de Sapo Sapo’ ‘Piel de de Sapo Sapo’

ME MELO LON ME MELO LON ME MELO LON ME MELO LON

SEEDS SEEDS SEEDS SEEDS

TRANSPL TRANSPLANT NT TRANSPL TRANSPLANT NT GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH GROWTH Piel de de Sapo Sapo Piel de de Sapo Sapo

ME MELO LON ME MELO LON CYLI CYLIND NDERS CYLI CYLIND NDERS JUICE JUICE JUICE JUICE SAMP SAMPLE LE SAMP SAMPLE LE HOLD HOLDER HOLD HOLDER GC/MS GC/MS GC/MS GC/MS

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SLIDE 2

Table Table Table Table 1 1. 1. . Main Main aroma

  • ma vola
  • latiles

iles iden entifie fied in the the near ear-isog isogen enic ic li line ne (NILs (NILs SC7-1 an and SC10-2) 0-2) an and the he parental parental line ine ‘Piel Piel de de Sa Sapo’ po’ (PS). PS). The The compounds

  • mpounds were

were arrange arranged accor according ing to to th the rando random forest rest (R (RF) F) variable variable impor importance

  • ance. Data

Data were were the the mea mean relative relative content content in in pe percentage rcentage of

  • f th

the pr probable able aromatic aromatic compoun compounds arrange arranged accor according ing to to th the rando random forest rest (R (RF) F) variable variable impor importance

  • ance. Data

Data were were the the mea mean relative relative content content in in pe percentage rcentage of

  • f th

the pr probable able aromatic aromatic compoun compounds id identified ed.

Or Order CAS Nu Number IUPAC Na Name Gr Group o

  • f

co compound PS SC SC10-2

  • 2

SC SC7-1 1 0006 00 146 t 23di KET 0 00 0 00 0 1 0 17 * 1 0006 00-14

  • 6

pentane-2 ,3

  • dion

e KET 0,00 0,00 0,17 17 * 2 00014 0-11-4 benzyl acetate ACE 0,3 1 0,3 1 1, 1,76 * 3 00007 8

  • 8

4

  • 2

2

  • m

ethylpropanal ALD 0,00 0, 0,06 06 * 0,03 4 015 7 6 4

  • 16
  • 6

2 ,4

  • dim

ethylbenzaldehyde ALD 0,00 0, 0,73 * 0,00 5 002 04 0 075 1 (245trim ethylphenyl)ethan

  • n

e KET 0 00 0 1 0 12 * 0 00 5 002 04 0-07

  • 5

1-(2 ,4 ,5

  • trim

ethylphenyl)ethan

  • n

e KET 0,00 0,12 12 * 0,00 6 00009 6

  • 17
  • 3

2

  • m

ethylbutan al ALD 0,00 0, 0,08 08 * 0,02 7 000111-8 7

  • 5
  • ctan
  • 1-ol

ALC 0,09 0,2 1 0,5 8 8 06 8 9 2 0-6 4

  • 9

m ethyldisulfan ylm ethan e SD C 0,2 7 0,3 5 0, 0,52 * 9 0005 8 3

  • 5

7

  • 3

(1R2 S)-1 2

  • dim

ethylcyclohexane ALK 0 00 0 1 0 14 * 0 00 9 0005 8 3

  • 5

7

  • 3

(1R ,2 S)-1,2

  • dim

ethylcyclohexane ALK 0,00 0,14 14 * 0,00 10 019 7 8 0-3 9

  • 3

3

  • ethylheptan-2
  • ol

ALC 0,06 0,00 0, 0,49 * 11 0015 3 4

  • 08
  • 3

1-m ethylsulfa n ylethan

  • n

e SD C 0,09 0,00 0, 0,42 * 12 00009 8

  • 8

6

  • 2

1-phenylethanon e KET 1,7 0, 0,00 00 * 0,6 9 13 0006 2 9

  • 5

9

  • 4

tetradecan e ALK 0 15 0 4 0 42 * 0 2 2 13 0006 2 95 94 tetradecan e ALK 0,15 0,42 42 0,2 2 14 005 4 4 1-5 2

  • 1

3 ,5

  • dim

ethylcyclohexan

  • 1-ol

ALC 0,3 3 0, 0,09 09 * 0,2 9 15 000112

  • 4

0-3 dodecane ALK 0,04 0,09 0,11 16 018 8 2 9

  • 5

5

  • 5

(E)-hept-2

  • enal

ALD 0,4 0,4 9 0,5 3 17 N D 3

  • m

ethyloctan

  • 2
  • ol

ALC 0,3 6 0,7 1 0,3 8 17 N D 3m ethyloctan2ol ALC 0,3 6 0,7 1 0,3 8 18 07 4 3 6 7

  • 3

3

  • 2

(1-hydroxy-2 ,4 ,4

  • trim

ethyl-pen tan-3

  • yl) 2
  • m

ethylpropan

  • ate

N AE 1,2 1 0,7 8 0,5 9 19 0006 2 4

  • 16
  • 8

decan-4

  • one

KET 0,15 0,4 2 0,3 8 2 0 0005 8 5

  • 7

4

  • 0 / 0005

7 7

  • 16
  • 2 ethan
  • n

e, 1-(3

  • m

ethylphenyl) / ethanon e, 1-(2

  • m

ethylphen yl)- KET 0,3 3 0, 0,00 00 * 0,2 2 2 1 003 2 14

  • 4

1-3

  • ctan

e-2

  • 5
  • dione

KET 0,05 0,11 0,12 , , , 2 2 0006 17

  • 9

4

  • 7

2

  • phenylpropan-2
  • ol

ALC 2 ,7 1 0, 0,23 * 2 ,3 1 2 3 000111-2 7

  • 3

hexan-1-ol ALC 0,11 0,07 0,07 2 4 0103 4 0-2 3

  • 5

(Z)-n

  • n
  • 3
  • en-1-ol

ALC 0,2 2 0,2 4 0, 0,50 * 2 5 004 6 2 1-04

  • 10

4

  • propan
  • 2
  • ylcyclohexan-1-ol

ALC 0,3 7 1, 1,73 * 0,3 9 Differential aroma volatiles in non-climacteric near-isogenic lines lines of melon as biomarkers of differences of flesh firmness at harvest

NIL means within rows highlighted with * and bold showed statistical differences from PS data, according to a Dunnett’s test at P = 0.05. Abbreviations: Acetate Esters (ACE), Alcohols (ALC), Aldehydes (ALD), Alkanes (ALK), Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS), International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), Ketones (KET), Non-Acetate Esters (NAE), Not Detected (ND), Others (OTH), Sulphur-Derived Compounds (SDC), Terpenes (TER).

slide-3
SLIDE 3

Table Table 2. Main Main aroma aroma vola

  • latile

iles ide identi tifie fied in in the the near ear-is isog

  • genic

ic line line (NIL (NILs SC7- C7-1 and and SC10-2) C10-2) and and the he pare parental ntal line line ‘Piel ‘Piel de Sapo’ apo’ (PS). (PS). The he compoun compounds were ere ar arrange ranged acco according ing to the he rando random fo fore rest st (RF) (RF) variab variable le impo importance.

  • ance. Vola
  • latil

ile precu recurso sors rs an and aromatic romatic notes es identi entifie fied in in some some of

  • f the

the indivi ividual ual aroma roma volatiles volatiles ide identi tified in in both both near-i near-isogenic lines (NIL (NILs SC7-1 C7-1 and and SC10-2) C10-2) and and the he control control the he parental parental ‘Piel ‘Piel de Sapo’ apo’ (PS). (PS).

Or Order IU IUPAC N NAM E

Gr Group o p of d LR LRI C C l LR LRI R R f RT RT ( i ( i ) A t A ti N N t PR PRECURSORS

Or Order IU IUPAC N NAM E

co compound LR LRI C

  • Cal. LR

LRI R Ref. (min) Aro romati tic N Notes es

1 pentane-2 ,3-dione

KET 6 98 786 2,639 A A Thr/M et C aram el, sw eet, fruity, buttery, fresh

2 benzyl acetate

A C E 1177 116 5 2 1,4 19 A A Phe Floral, burnt, boiled zucchini

3 2

  • m

ethylpropanal

A LD N D 552 1,5 73 A A Leu/V al G reen, p ungent, burnt, m alty, toasted , fruity

4 2 ,4-dim ethylbenzaldehyde

A LD 122 117 5 21,89 2 A A Phe N ap hthyl, cherry, alm

  • nd

, sp ice, vanilla

5 1-(2 ,4 ,5

  • trim

ethylphenyl)ethanone

KET 1189 N D 21,59 8 N D N D

6 2 th lb t l

A LD 6 53 682 2239 A A I G l d b l PR PRECURSORS

6 2

  • m

ethylbutanal

A LD 6 53 682 2,239 A A Iso G reen, alm

  • nd

, strong burnt, m alty, cocoa

7 octan-1-ol

A LC 10 7 5 10 8 7 18,57 8 N D Fatty, green, herbal

8 m ethyldisulfanylm ethane

SD C 7 45 743 3,430 A A M et Sulfurous, vegetable, cabbage, onion

9 (1R ,2 S)-1,2

  • dim

ethylcyclohexane

A LK 1180 N D 21,45 4 C

  • yclohex. Path

Fuity, floral, vegetable

10 3

  • ethylheptan-2
  • ol

A LC 10 7 8 N D 18,87 0 N D N D

11 1-m ethylsulfanylethanone

SD C 70 1 N D 2,688 A A M et Sulfurous, eggy, cheese, d a iry ,vegetable, cabbage

12 1-phenylethanone

KET 10 7 10 7 18,30 4 α

  • M

ethsty. Sw eet, p ungent, haw thorn, m im

  • sa, alm
  • nd

, acacia, chem ical

13 tetradecane

A LK 140 140 22 ,8 50 N D M ild herbaceous, sw eet, fusel.like

14 3 ,5-dim ethylcyclohexan-1-ol

A LC 9 96 N D 13,53 5 N D N D c

15 dodecane

A LK 1199 120 21,76 2 N D Fusel-like

16 (E)-hept-2-enal

A LD 9 56 957 11,312 FaO x. LA Sulfury, grassy, fatty, alm

  • nd

.like, p esticid e, onion, m ushroom , earthy

17 3

  • m

ethyloctan-2

  • ol

A LC 10 8 1 N D 18,99 5 N D N D

18 (1-hydroxy-2 ,4,4

  • trim

ethyl-pentan-3

  • yl) 2
  • m

ethylpropanoate

N A E 135 8 N D 22 ,6 75 A A C ys/M et N D

19 decan-4-one

KET 1149 N D 20 ,9 79 N D N D

20 ethanone, 1-(3-m ethylphenyl) / ethanone, 1-(2-m ethylphenyl)-

KET 1152 N D 21,0 2 A cetop h. N D / Sw eet, haw thorn, p

  • w

d ery, anisic, coum arinic, p henolic, burnt, nutty, honey

21 octane-2-5

  • dione

KET 9 88 1118 13,0 6 9 FaO x. Eicosap . a cd . N D

2 2 2

  • phenylpropan-2-ol

A LC 10 8 6 10 8 19,32 7 A A Phe M ild , green, sw eet, earthy

2 3 hexan-1-ol

A LC 8 75 880 7,237 Faox. LA Flow ery, toasty, d ry, fruity, herba l, m ild w

  • od

y, sw eet, green grass, leafy

2 4 (Z)-non-3

  • en-1-ol

A LC 1170 115 6 21,29 7 Faox. LA Sw eet, green

2 5 4

  • propan-2
  • ylcyclohexan-1-ol

A LC 1150 N D 20 ,9 98 N D Leather, red rose, green, d usty, w eed y, m etallic

Abbreviations: alfa-Methylstyrene (α-Methsty.), Amino acid (AA), Ciclohexene pathway (Ciclohex. Path.), Cysteine (Cys), Eicosapentanoic acid (Eicosp. acd.), Fatty acid oxidation (FaOx), Identificative Compound Number (ID.Nº), International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), Isoleucine (Iso), Leucine (Leu), Linolenic Acid (LA), Linear Retention Time (LRI), Linear Retention Time References (LRI Ref.), Methionine (Met), Mevalonate pathway (Mev. Path.), Not detected (ND), Not detected, but synthetic compound available in the market (NDc), Phenylalanina (Phe), Literature references (Ref ) Average Retention Time (RT) in minutes Terpenes (Terp) Threonine (Thr) Valine (Val) references (Ref.), Average Retention Time (RT) in minutes, Terpenes (Terp), Threonine (Thr), Valine (Val).

Figure Figure 1. Discrimination among the near-isogenic lines (NILs) SC7-1 (○) and SC10-2 () and the parental control ‘Piel de Sapo’ (PS,●) using multidimensional scaling

  • N. Dos-Santos, M.C. Bueso, J.P. Fernández-Trujillo

(MDS) plots based on random forest (RF) analysis applied to the individual aroma

  • volatiles. Centroids of the datasets for the different lines and 65% confidence

ellipses.