SLIDE 1
Continued Permafrost Warming
- n the Arctic Slope of Alaska,
2014 Update
Gary Clow USGS/INSTAAR
Alaska Climate Divisions
Bieniek et al. (2014)
Continued Permafrost Warming on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, 2014 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Continued Permafrost Warming on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, 2014 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Continued Permafrost Warming on the Arctic Slope of Alaska, 2014 Update Gary Clow USGS/INSTAAR Alaska Climate Divisions Bieniek et al. (2014) Statewide Air-Temperature Anomaly dT = +0.9 K 5-yr running ave Bieniek et al. (2014) Statewide
SLIDE 2
SLIDE 3
Statewide Air-Temperature Anomaly
5-yr running ave
Bieniek et al. (2014) dT = +0.9 K
SLIDE 4
5-yr running ave
Bieniek et al. (2014)
Statewide Air-Temperature Anomaly
SLIDE 5
Arctic Slope Air-Temperature Anomaly
5-yr running ave
Bieniek et al. (2014)
SLIDE 6
Sea Ice Extent
NSIDC/NOAA Sep-2011
SLIDE 7
Air temperature reanalyses produced using the WRF model, 3.3-km resolution.
Warm Chukchi sector Cool Chukchi sector Cool NPR-A / Warm Arctic NWR NE wind A common pattern
Air-Temperature Patterns, Arctic Alaska
- With the juxtaposition of the Chukchi Sea,
Beaufort Sea, and Brooks Range, weather and climate patterns are somewhat complicated on the Arctic Slope.
SLIDE 8
SLIDE 9
Chukchi Sea Beaufort Sea
ground temps soil moisture wind snow depth rainfall air temp radiation telemetry
USGS Climate-Station Network, Arctic Alaska
GTN-P
SLIDE 10
+1.63 +1.44 +0.70 +0.87 +0.27 +0.92
°C/decade
Mean-Annual Air-Temperature Trends
Stations with at least 10 years of data
Chukchi Sea Beaufort Sea
SLIDE 11
+1.63 +1.44 +0.70 +0.87 +0.27 +0.92
°C/decade
Mean-Annual Air-Temperature Trends
Stations with at least 10 years of data
Chukchi Sea Beaufort Sea
SLIDE 12
Seasonal Air-Temperature Trends
Fish Creek 1992-2013
SLIDE 13
Atmosphere Active Layer (thaws in summer) Permafrost 30 cm
SLIDE 14
+1.63 +1.86 +1.44 +1.62 +0.70 +1.48 +0.87 +0.66 na +1.46 +0.27 +0.36 +0.92 +0.65
°C/decade
air active layer
Mean-Annual Active-Layer Temperature Trends
Stations with at least 10 years of data
SLIDE 15
Fish Creek 1998-2013
Seasonal Ground-Temperature Trends
Active Layer (10 cm)
SLIDE 16
Maximum Active-layer Depth
Year Depth (cm)
Active-layer Freeze-up Date
Day of Year Year
Snow Depth
winter trend +10.8 cm / decade
Snow Depth (cm)
Snow and Active-Layer
Fish Creek Fish Creek Fish Creek
SLIDE 17
Chukchi Sea
USGS Deep-Borehole Array Thermal State of Permafrost
Beaufort Sea
GTN-P
SLIDE 18
Chukchi Sea
USGS Deep-Borehole Array Thermal State of Permafrost
Beaufort Sea
GTN-P
SLIDE 19
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
1980
SLIDE 20
1981
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
SLIDE 21
1983
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
SLIDE 22
1984
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
SLIDE 23
1989
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
SLIDE 24
2002
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
SLIDE 25
2007
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
SLIDE 26
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
2012
SLIDE 27
2012
20-m temps
Permafrost Temperatures: South Meade Well
+2.4°C warming since 1980 +2.9°C warming since 1989 1989 1980
SLIDE 28
Permafrost Temperatures Deep Borehole Array
ESN, Beaufort Coast
+1.8°C
Depth (m) Temperature (°C)
FCK, Coastal Plain TLK, Chukchi Coast
Depth (m) Depth (m) Temperature (°C)
SME, Coastal Plain
Depth (m) Temperature (°C)
2012 2012 2012
+1.9°C +2.4°C
2012
+2.9°C
SLIDE 29
Chukchi Sea
Permafrost Warming since 1990 (20-m depth)
Beaufort Sea
2.8 K 1.8 K 2.1 K
SLIDE 30
- 4.1
- 6.6
- 6.5
- 6.4
- 6.2
- 6.3
- 7.0
- 7.4
- 7.2
- 6.2
- 5.4
- 7.7
- 2.7
- 1.4
- 3.9
- 4.3
Current Permafrost Temperatures at 20-m Depth
Chukchi Sea Beaufort Sea
SLIDE 31
Permafrost
Active Layer Continuous Permafrost Discontinuous Permafrost
Permafrost Zones Alaska
SLIDE 32
Permafrost
Active Layer Continuous Permafrost Discontinuous Permafrost
T
air = -8°C
Tg = -5°C
mean-annual
Permafrost Zones Alaska
SLIDE 33
Current Permafrost Temperatures at 20-m Depth
Discontinuous Permafrost
Chukchi Sea Beaufort Sea
SLIDE 34
Summary:
- Air temperatures across the Arctic Slope are continuing
to warm during the autumn.
- Active-layer temperatures are increasing during all
seasons except summer.
- increased autumn air temperatures
- thicker cold-season snowpacks
- Permafrost temperatures have warmed 2-3 K since 1990
and are continuing to do so. (1 K / decade)
- The discontinuous permafrost boundary