Comparative LCA of Electric and ICE Cars LCA Congress AvNir - - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Comparative LCA of Electric and ICE Cars LCA Congress AvNir - - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Comparative LCA of Electric and ICE Cars LCA Congress AvNir - November 2014 Hlne Teulon Alexander Forell Olivier Rethor 6/11/14 Gingko 21 ? Gingko 21 supports companies in the transformation of their offer towards responsible and

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Hélène Teulon Alexander Forell Olivier Rethoré

Comparative LCA

  • f Electric and ICE Cars

LCA Congress – AvNir - November 2014

6/11/14

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

Gingko 21 ?

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Gingko 21 supports companies in the transformation of their offer towards responsible and innovative goods and services.

Measure impacts Eco- innovate Train

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

PE INTERNATIONAL

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Software and Services Overview

Enterprise Sustainability Software (SoFi)

  • Carbon & Energy

Optimization

  • Environmental

Management

  • Sustainability

Reporting

  • Supply Chain

Sustainability

  • Portfolio Sustainability

Management

Sustainability Consulting Services

  • Sustainability

Assessment

  • Planning and

Management

  • Performance and

Improvement

  • Corporate social

responsibility auditing & benchmarking (CSR InsightTM)

Proprietary & Industry- Specific Content

  • LCI Databases and

Sustainability Content: GaBi Databases

  • Regulatory Content for

Product Compliance

  • Best Practices Library
  • Benchmarking

Libraries

Product Sustainability Software (GaBi)

  • Life cycle assessment
  • Design for compliance

and environment

  • Integrated/ embedded

impact calculations

  • Compliance process

management (CPM)

  • Collaborative

Sustainability and Communication

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

  • Ordered by ADEME
  • Published in December 2013
  • Objective
  • Define domains of

environmental relevancy for EV

  • Classical LCA + additional

investigation

http://www.ademe.fr/analyse-cycle-vie-comparative-vehi cule-electrique-vehicule-thermique

Comparative LCA

  • f Electric and ICE Cars

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

  • Functional unit
  • Availability of a small size vehicle for short distances –

less than 80 km per day over a lifetime of150 000 km

  • Produced in France
  • Used in France and Europe

Comparative LCA

  • f Electric and ICE Cars

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

  • Primary data collection from 2 OEMs
  • Extended technical committee
  • Batteries, energy, network, end of life treatment…
  • Use of additional bibliographical and expertise

data

  • 2020 scenario built with the technical committee

Data sources

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

Example of Results: Global Warming Potential

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

Sources of uncertainty

  • Battery
  • Composition
  • Energy density
  • Lifetime
  • Production country
  • Recycling
  • Energy consumption
  • Driver behavior
  • Outside temperature
  • 2020 scenario
  • Battery
  • Vehicle
  • Electricity mix

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

  • Best and worst case scenarios based on critical

parameters

  • Calculation of margins of uncertainty
  • Definition of « domains of environmental relevancy »

for the electric vehicle

Treatment of Uncertainties

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

Total Primary Energy Consumption

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

Domains of Environmental Relevancy for the EV (in France)

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EV# (FRANC E) # vs# IC EV 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km

Global& Warming& Potential[CO2eq]

EV# (G ERMANY) # vs# IC EV EV# (FRANC E) # vs# IC EV 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km

Acidification* [S O2eq]

EV# (G ERMANY) vs# IC EV EV# (FRANC E) # vs# IC EV 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km

Abiotic'Depletion'Fossil[MJ ]

EV# (G ERMANY) # vs# IC EV EV# (FRANC E) # vs# Diesel 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km

Eutrophication,[PO41 1 eq]

EV# (FRANC E) # vs# gasoline EV# (G ERMANY) # vs# Diesel 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km EV# (G ERMANY) # vs# gasoline EV# (FRANC E) # vs# IC EV 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km 50# 000# km 100# 000# km 150# 000# km 200# 000# km 0# km

Photochemical+ Ozone+ C reation+ [C2H4eq]

EV# (G ERMANY) # vs# IC EV

Advantageous, for,ICEV

Quite, advantageou s,for,ICEV Impossible, to,make,a, decision Quite, advantageous, for,EV

Advantageous, for,EV

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

Conclusions

  • In France, EV shows lower

environmental impacts than ICEV except for acidification

  • Not true for other European countries
  • Local pollutants and noise: dedicated

zones to be defined for a significant impact

  • Critical resources: consumption of

Cobalt only might be significantly affected

Suggested investigation

  • Charging infrastructure
  • Real use emission factors for ICEV and

electricity consumption for EV

  • Indicators
  • Include toxicity and eco-toxicity
  • Hybrid vehicles
  • Other batteries
  • More intensive use of EVs for mobility

services

  • Quick charging?

Conclusions and Suggested Investigations

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LCA of Electric Vehicle November 6, 2014

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Hélène Teulon 00 33 6 10 07 25 62

helene.teulon@gingko21.com www.gingko21.com

Laura Guillon

l.guillon@pe-international.com www.pe-international.com

Questions ? Ask us!