Company Presentation Contents Page Page General information Oil - - PDF document
Company Presentation Contents Page Page General information Oil - - PDF document
Company Presentation Contents Page Page General information Oil trading 16 - RWE Trading as an operating company 2 within the RWE Group Coal trading 18 - RWE Trading is RWEs interface with the market 3 - RWE Tradings role in the
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Contents
General information
- RWE Trading as an operating company
within the RWE Group
- RWE Trading is RWE’s interface with the market
- The trading floor as the central
information platform for wholesale market issues
- RWE’s power sales portfolio
- Best in class – our history and our future
- RWE Trading – key figures (I)
- RWE Trading – key figures (II)
- RWE Trading – organisation
Power trading
- Facts and figures for RWE Trading
Gas trading
- Cooperation between RWE Trading and
RWE Gas Midstream
Oil trading Coal trading
- RWE Trading’s role in the world of
coal trading
- Main drivers of the coal trading
market and the respective challenges for RWE’s coal trading business
Emissions trading Our risk management
- Commodity Risk Governance
Structure
- Risk philosophy
- Backup
16 18
19 20
21 23
24 25 26 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10
11
13
15
Page Page
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RWE Trading as an operating company within the RWE Group
RWE AG (Group Centre)
Upstream (Production) Electricity generation Gas and oil production Supraregional and regional electricity and gas networks Gas Midstream (commercial
- ptimisation of
procurement, transport, storage) Continental Europe UK RWE Power RWE Dea RWE Gas Midstream RWE Trading Energy trading Electricity and gas supply RWE Energy RWE npower RWE Power RWE Gas Midstream RWE Energy RWE npower RWE Systems RWE Dea RWE Trading RWE npower
3
RWE Trading is RWE‘s interface with the energy wholesale markets
RWE Trading implements the market-
defined benchmarks for the RWE Group’s generation and supply activities.
RWE traders not only deal with
commodities such as power, gas, coal and
- il, they also actively trade physical and
financial derivatives as well as environmental certificates.
The asset the based commodity positions
- f RWE Group are sold to or bought from
RWE Trading at wholesale market prices. We consolidate these positions through proprietary trading. This hedging helps us to manage the risks of having very large
- pen positions in each of the physical
commodity markets.
This business model unites the natural
focus on obtaining the best potential value from the RWE Group’s physical assets with the benefits of financial (proprietary) trading.
* STPM = Short-term position management
RWE Energy/ npower
STPM*
RWE Power/ RWE npower RWE Trading Retail customers/ industrial customers Market
buy/sell
Trading customers
sell buy sell
Proprietary trading
4
The trading floor as the central information platform for wholesale market issues
Sales management Analysis Risk management Dealers Markets Producers Commodity trading STPM Load distribution Risk controlling
Grid operators
Schedule Management Wholesale markets Production Support functions
RWE Power RWE npower RWE Energy RWE npower sales
Credit management Back office
5
RWE’s power sales portfolio
The wholesale markets set the benchmark
RWE places its trust in the liquidity and reliability of the wholesale markets and sells a large part of its production directly into this pan-European market. Of the 164.3 TWh produced by its own power plants in 2006, the RWE Group sold 92.8 TWh on the wholesale markets and 71.5 TWh through sales
- rganisations.
Sales
- rganisations
43.5% Wholesale markets 56.5%
71.5 TWh 92.8 TWh
6
Best in class – our history and our future
We contribute to the commercial success of the RWE Group by applying our
combined knowledge and skills in the best interests of the Group’s assets.
We continue to expand our proprietary trading activities based on fundamental
analysis of the drivers of supply and demand, and therefore prices.
We continue to be a driver of liquidity in the power, gas, coal, oil and
CO2 markets.
We continue to be the preferred long-term partner for sustainable success in
European energy markets, capable of delivering innovative energy commodity risk management solutions.
2000 2002 2003
Joint short- term trading and asset dispatch function – STPM*
2005 ff. 1898 1998
Purely speculative trading
Best practice blueprint for risk control Provider
- f market
information/ route to the wholesale markets Integrated wholesale risk pool and portfolio manager
* Short-term position management
Hugo Stinnes
7
RWE Trading – key figures (I)
RWE Trading is one of the largest and
most important European energy commodity traders.
With a workforce of over
500 employees, RWE Trading
- perates trading floors in Essen,
Swindon and London, as well as representative and agency offices across Europe.
RWE Trading is active on leading
international exchanges. Besides
- ur activities in Europe, RWE Trading
actively trades on the NYMEX and the global commodity markets. Oil: USA, Europe, Asia, Middle East Coal: ARA, Newcastle, Richards Bay
RWE Trading currently forms the
backbone of the European OTC power and gas trading business. RWE Trading in Europe
Oslo Essen Amsterdam Paris Madrid Leipzig London Swindon Warsaw
Trading floor Representative/agency office Traded markets Energy exchange
Prague Kosice Graz Brussels Ljubljana Bucharest
8
RWE Trading – key figures (II)
RWE Trading employees at year end**
* Figures for 2004 incorporate Innogy’s trading and asset management team after RWE takeover. **Year-end figures for RWE Trading GmbH, including apprentices.
Management accounts
- f RWE Trading 2006
Performance gross margin € 875.3 m Performance EBITDA € 690.3 m Risk capital € 438.8 m RORAC 98.2 %
Since 2005, RWE Trading profits have been reported externally, together with the figures from the RWE Power generation business, to reflect a higher degree of integration with the asset business of the RWE Group. RWE Trading measures its performance
- n a pure mark-to-market basis, whereas
RWE discloses these results following the legal structure and according to the applicant rules of IAS/IFRIC.
100 200 300 400 500 600 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
192 176 483* 504 534
9
RWE Trading – organisation
- Finance & Reporting (Global)
- Project Controlling & Valuation
- Back Office, IT & Business
Change Management (Global)
- Integration & Organisation
Managing Director and Chief Commercial Officer (CCO) Dr Peter Kreuzberg Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Dr Bernhard Günther Chief Executive Officer and Member of the Group Business Committee Peter Terium
- Power Trading
(Continental Europe)
- Short-Term Position Management
(Continental Europe)
- Power Trading (UK)
- Short-Term Position Management
(UK)
- Gas Trading (all Europe)
- Global Commodities Trading
- Global Commodities Marketing
& Logistics
- Carbon Trading
- Analysis for Global & Pan-
European Commodities
- Structure & Valuation (Global)
- Lobbying and Regulations
(Global)
- Legal & Communications (Global)
- Strategy Application & Asset
Interface (Global)
- Risk (Global)
- Human Resources (Global)
Power trading
11
RWE Trading – facts and figures
Our power trading volumes have seen consistent growth in recent years. This is just
- ne indication of RWE Trading’s successful market approach. The slight decline in
2006 was due to politically influenced market distortions in France and Spain.
Where we trade power RWE Trading: power trading volumes
TWh Trend Power trading CE and power trading UK 799 1,055 1,316 1,315 1,250 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
12
RWE Trading has a multitude of trading partners
The German wholesale energy market
is not a “members-only club”.
During the first eight months of 2006,
- nly 6% of RWE Trading’s total trading
volume had been generated by energy trade with the other three major utilities
- perating in Germany.
The market is internationally oriented
and – except for the industrial customers which are still “abstaining” – intersectoral.
* e.on, Vattenfall, ENBW
Proprietary traders 5.2% Oil companies 5.2% Industry 0.1% Municipal utilities 3.7% German utilities 6.3% Banks 16.2% European utility companies (excl. Germany) 48.8% Spot markets 14.1%
Gas trading
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Gas trading
The growth in gas trading further
strengthens the RWE Group’s position in the natural gas markets.
Trading volumes for natural gas have
been stable in recent years and are expected to rise as the Continental European gas markets open and RWE’s gas assets and trading activities are further integrated.
By 2006, gas trading volumes for RWE
Trading in Continental Europe and the UK were around 900 TWh. European gas trading hubs
15
Cooperation between RWE Trading and RWE Gas Midstream
RWE Gas Midstream will further strengthen
RWE Group’s competitiveness in the increasingly liberalised European gas market.
RWE Gas Midstream bundles the non-
regulated areas of the RWE Group’s gas business (purchase, transport and storage capacity rights).
RWE Trading and RWE Gas Midstream
cooperate closely with each other in the gas business.
RWE Trading will continue to be an active
trader at liquid gas trading points. This business is being integrated by RWE Gas Midstream as part of the commercial
- ptimisation of the entire gas portfolio of the
RWE Group, ranging from short-to long-term procurement and supply commitments.
Oil trading
17
Oil trading
RWE Trading’s business model for oil covers global physical commodities and
derivatives trading as well as risk management.
Group-wide synergies include: – Marketing of RWE Dea equity crude (among others North Sea, Dubai, Egypt) – Risk management and hedging of RWE Dea’s physical upstream position – Procurement of fuel oil for RWE power plants – Global derivative expertise for hedging strategies of oil-indexed fuels (e.g. gas) RWE Trading carries out spread transactions between oil products and locations
based on price differentials.
Coal trading
19
RWE Trading’s role in the world of coal trading
As a significant player in the international
physical coal and freight trading markets, RWE Trading offers a range of products, from basic supply and trading deals to advanced integrated risk management and marketing solutions.
The value of these activities is enhanced
by our active involvement in coal and freight financial derivatives.
RWE Trading is the RWE Group’s interface
with the international coal trading market:
– Physical: >20 million tonnes of coal are
burnt (directly/indirectly) per year, including an increasing amount of coal from abroad
– Derivatives: >100 million tonnes of
derivatives per year
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Main drivers of coal trading market and the challenges for RWE’s coal trading business
Rising demand from China and India and the
renaissance of coal-fired power generation in Europe.
Significant increases in ocean freight rates and
coal export prices.
Larger trade flows and higher price volatility,
creating a vibrant market with a very strong international orientation.
Thanks to extensive market knowledge and its
team of dedicated experts, RWE Trading is well positioned to manage the risks presented by a changing market and to offer made-to-measure supply solutions to our customers.
We source from and supply to a number of
different countries and suppliers globally, including long-term basis contracts.
We will also play an active role as a market
maker for new and attractive products.
Emissions trading
22
Emissions trading
Optimisation of power, gas and other fuel positions via emissions trading
is a necessary part of European energy markets.
The European Trading System (ETS) combines market forces with politically
imposed caps on emissions. RWE Trading has been a successful participant from the very beginning and is a leading contributor to the rapid development of this market.
We are ready to meet the complex challenges of the ETS market, by handling day-
to-day fluctuations, and by having the tools and experience to hedge long-term
- risks. For example, we actively support the further development of trading master
agreements.
The ETS will continue to be an important futures market. Although there is a high
degree of volatility in daily trading, there is a also strong long-term element. The CO2 market provides decision makers with valuable input when it comes to planning long-term investments in generation assets/power plants.
Our risk management
24
Commodity risk governance structure
RWE Group Center
RWE AG Executive Board Group Risk Management RWE Energy RWE Power RWE Trading RWE npower
Portfolio management Risk control Risk control Risk control Risk control Short-term position management (UK) Short-term position management (continent) Asset management Trading desks Asset interface Portfolio management Asset management
RWE Gas Midstream
Risk control Portfolio management Market Committee New Product Team Risk Committee Asset Book Committee Gas & Oil Asset Book Committee Continent Asset Book Committee UK Carbon Working Group Group Business Committee Market Assessment Team
25
Risk philosophy
The Chairman of the Board is the chief risk controller. Professional risk management forms the basis of our successful
energy trading business.
Our strict risk management philosophy is implemented through
the following structures and measures:
– Best-in-class processes for trading, risk controlling and
back office/operations based on banking industry standards
– Integrated management of all trading activities, and independent
evaluation and supervision of market and credit risks using an inter-organisational state-of-the-art trading and risk management system
– Organisational separation of front office and support and
control functions (dual control principle)
– Transactions on the basis of international master agreements
(ISDA, EFET, etc.)
Backup
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Contents of Backup
Power trading
- RWE Trading = the Group’s wholesale risk
pool and portfolio manager in Germany, Continental Europe …
- … and the UK
- Major fundamental factors influencing
power prices on the wholesale market
- Forward price development in Europe
- Power trading volumes in Continental
Europe: increasing liquidity
- Wholesale markets work: development of
trading volumes in Germany as of 2002
Coal trading
- Coal prices (US$/t)
- Coal prices and freight prices (US$/t)
Emissions trading
- Environmental trading
- Environmental trading
Price development (EUA 06)
- Environmental trading
Price development (EUA 07)
- Environmental trading
Price development (EUA 08)
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31 32 33 35 40 41
Page
47
48 49
50
51 52 53 54
Page
Power trading
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Deregulation
Competition Competition Regulation of network access and network access charges (Federal Network Agency)
Retail price Generation Exchange trading OTC
Transmission
Distribution Sales & services Taxes & duties
Deregulation has separated the different levels of the value-chain – for
this reason the power price is being built on different markets.
30
The power wholesale market
Forwards/
- ptions/
structured products Settlement: physical and financial Physical Futures/
- ptions
Settlement: mainly financial Physical Trading Wholesale market OTC market
(e-OTC Germany 2006: 1,680 TWh)
Spot market Futures market Exchange
(EEX 2006: 1,133 TWh)
Spot market
(EEX 2006: 88.7 TWh)
Future market
(EEX 2006: 1,044 TWh)
OTC clearing
EEX 2006: 642 TWh
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RWE Trading = the Group’s wholesale risk pool and portfolio manager in Germany, Continental Europe …
Sells standard forward products Buys CO2 certificates Buys power Sells power
RWE Energy
- Sells to customers
- Buys back to back
- Locks in sales margin
- Bears volume and
credit risk
Industrial SMEs Municipalities Residential
Sells power
RWE STPM* Cont
- Manages RWE’s
short-term position (< 2 months) on the continent, including power plant dispatch, fuels and retail load Day-ahead position (hourly profile) Day-ahead position (hourly profile) Transfer of generation capacity
- incl. fuels
and CO2 Sells capacity and services Buys and sells Short-term/spot market (< 2 months) Balancing market
RWE Power
- Long-term asset
management
- Hedges with standard
instruments
- Internal market maker
as regards trade for load profiles/shape
- Hedges fuels and
CO2 for power sold Long-term gas supply contracts Embedded lignite supply Buys gas
RWE Trading
- Buys standard forward
products from RWE Power
- Manages risk within
defined limits
- Internal market maker
for fuels and CO2 Emissions trading World coal market Wholesale power markets
* Short-term position management
32
… and the UK
RWE npower Generation
- Long-term asset management
- Hedges CO2 for capability
not yet transferred to Trading Buys power Sells power
RWE npower Retail
- Sells to customers
- Buys back to back
- Locks in sales margin
- Bears volume and
credit risk
Industrial SMEs Residential
Sells power
RWE STPM* UK
- When an option is exercised, STPM*
manages generation capability until production (< 1 week)
- Manages optionality of plants
(dispatch including fuels) and retail load Option exercise Load profile Sells capacity and services Buys and sells Spot market (< 1 week) Balancing market
RWE Trading
- Buys capability
from RWE npower
- Manages the spread
- ption within defined
limits
- Internal market
maker for power, fuels and CO2 Emissions trading World coal market Wholesale gas market Buys and sells Wholesale power market Transfer of capability
- incl. CO2
Buys CO2 certificates
* Short-term position management
33
Major fundamental factors influencing power prices on the wholesale market
Power price
Rainfall CO2 price Gas price Oil price Coal price Uranium price Revisions Thermic power plant Technical failures Power plants/ networks school holidays Windturbines Wind Temperature Public holidays Illumination Brightness Climatisation/ electric heating Time of day Clouds
Long-term influences:
- Changes on basis of
market changes
- Political decisions
- Capacity changes
Storage and river power plant
Futures markets reflect traders’ expectations in terms of future fundamental influence factors
34
“Marginal power plant” principle: decisive for price formation on the wholesale market
The daily demand on the EEX is countered by a
multitude of offers for electricity from different generation sources. Each power plant type (nuclear, gas, coal, etc.) has marginal costs for its utilisation.
Marginal costs are mainly determined by
“variable costs” for fuels (incl. CO2) and operating resources - costs that are incurred during power plant operation and have to be earned as a minimum.
Starting with the most favourable offer, power
plants are successively called up on the EEX until demand is met.
The offer price of the last power plant needed to
meet this demand (“marginal power plant”) determines the market price for all other power plants.
The power price thus results from the intersection
- f supply and demand. That is why in case of
high demand prices will rather be determined by power plants with relatively high marginal costs whereas in case of low demand they will rather be determined by lower marginal cost power plants.
€/MWh Power supply in MW
(graded by offer prices)
Offer price Market price Power demand K2 K3 K4 K5 Full costs K1
variable costs + capital costs Short-term variable costs per power plant type (fuel +
- perating
resources) + CO2
35
Forward price development in Europe
Marked price increase throughout Europe in 2005 and 2006. Since mid-2006, stable price level for Germany at around € 55/MWh.
25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 01.01.05 01.03.05 01.05.05 01.07.05 01.09.05 01.11.05 01.01.06 01.03.06 01.05.06 01.07.06 01.09.06 01.11.06 01.01.07 01.03.07 01.05.07 01.07.07 €/MWh Deutschland Frankreich Niederlande Skandinavien
Germany Netherlands France Scandinavia
36
Price increase for 2008 since 2005
Germany shows the lowest price increase by European comparison at 48%.
90% 100% 110% 120% 130% 140% 150% 160% 170% 180% 190% 01.01.05 01.03.05 01.05.05 01.07.05 01.09.05 01.11.05 01.01.06 01.03.06 01.05.06 01.07.06 01.09.06 01.11.06 01.01.07 01.03.07 01.05.07 01.07.07 €/MWh Deutschland Frankreich Niederlande Skandinavien
Germany Netherlands France Scandinavia
37
Spot market volume at important european markets 2003 - 2007
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 Jan 03 Apr 03 Jul 03 Okt 03 Jan 04 Apr 04 Jul 04 Okt 04 Jan 05 Apr 05 Jul 05 Okt 05 Jan 06 Apr 06 Jul 06 Okt 06 Jan 07 Apr 07 Jul 07 Month TWh
EEX EXAA Powernext APX Nordpool
38
Futures market volume at important european markets 2003 - 2007
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 Jan 03 Apr 03 Jul 03 Okt 03 Jan 04 Apr 04 Jul 04 Okt 04 Jan 05 Apr 05 Jul 05 Okt 05 Jan 06 Apr 06 Jul 06 Okt 06 Jan 07 Apr 07 Jul 07
.
Month TWh
EEX Powernext Endex Nordpool
39
EEX market volume 2004 - 2007
20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 J a n 4 A p r 4 J u l 4 O k t 4 J a n 5 A p r 5 J u l 5 O k t 5 J a n 6 A p r 6 J u l 6 O k t 6 J a n 7 A p r 7 J u l 7 Month Volume (TWh) EEX Clearing EEX Futures EEX Spot
40
Power trading volumes in Continental Europe: increasing liquidity*
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 1,000,000,000 2,000,000,000 3,000,000,000 4,000,000,000 5,000,000,000 6,000,000,000 2001
Scandinavia Netherlands OTC Netherlands France OTC France Germany OTC Germany Spain * In bn kWh; measurable trading volume at exchanges and via electronic broker platforms OTC
41
Wholesale markets work: development of trading volumes in Germany as of 2002
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500
Source: EEX, RWE Trading data, 2006e = “estimate”/based on data available up to October 2006.
Since deregulation there has been a continual increase in the volumes traded
- n the German wholesale market.
Note: this graph is based on measurable trading volumes and does not include bilateral “voice OTC” trading. Market analysts estimate the total trading volume including non-measurable, anonymous OTC trading to be around double the volumes shown here.
3.000
e-OTC Forwards Clearing Futures Spot
TWh
42
European network effectively limits the market position of individual producers
Relevant production for Germany is 192 GW. Conclusion of the “ EU sector inquiry regarding networking*: “Pivotal Supplier Index (PSI) for Germany is small” Share of the “big four”: 43%
30% Cross-border capacities (58 GW) 17% Others (33 GW) 10%
- Inst. wind
power plants (20 GW) 17% RWE (32 GW) 12% e.on (23 GW) 7% EnBW (13 GW) 7% Vattenfall (13 GW) 0.0% UK 0.0% DE 0.0% NL 8.2% E 97.2% BE 100.0 % F
* Sources: EU Sector Inquiry 2005/2006, study by London Economics and Global Energy Decisions
43
Europe’s power market is connected
Price level often higher than in Germany Price level often lower than in Germany
Northern Europe
Strongly dependent on
hydropower and thus largely influenced by other fundamental factors than other European regions
Presently “normal” water levels
Southern Europe
Increased use of air
conditioning and electric heating
Failing hydropower production Generally increasing demand
due to economic development
Eastern Europe
Partly subsidised cheaper
electricity
No open wholesale markets CO2 not as fungible as in
- pen energy markets
Rising exports are a sign of healthy competition: electric power, too, tries to find the highest available
- price. If a trader can sell electricity at a higher price in a neighbouring European country than at home,
he will try to use this opportunity. Different production structures and different fundamental influences result in growing cross-border trading (but not necessarily in growing physical electricity flows)
44
Power wholesale markets and market deregulation - status quo regarding cross-border network capacities
Germany already complies with all requirements for cross-border network capacities.
Compliant Compliant with most requirements Non-compliant Long-term agreements are available (no publicly accessible information) Status: April 2006
45
Four core statements by RWE Trading on power wholesale markets
Functioning wholesale markets are the prerequisite for competition and the ensuing
economic benefits for the European industry.
The European wholesale market for power has shown a very positive development:
just look at the growth rate for traded volumes or the increasing number of market participants.
RWE Trading is one of the leading market participants in Europe and plays an active
part in shaping the wholesale markets.
Markets require a framework and regulation, but overregulation stifles trust in the
markets! Regulation should always focus on promoting competition.
46
European power markets showing
- utstanding development
More than sufficient liquidity in the core markets Diversified and numerous market participants Convergence of power prices in Europe Price peaks are also a European phenomenon Market position of individual producers effectively limited in the European market
Coal trading
48
Coal prices (US$/t)
20 40 60 80 100 120 Jan 03 Mar 03 May 03 Jul 03 Sep 03 Nov 03 Jan 04 Mar 04 May 04 Jul 04 Sep 04 Nov 04 Jan 05 Mar 05 May 05 Jul 05 Sep 05 Nov 05 Jan 06 Mar 06 May 06 Jul 06 Sep 06 Nov 06 Jan 07 Mar 07 May 07 Jul 07 Sep 07 Nov 07
Monat Preis in $/t
API#2 API#4
Price in US$ Month
API#2 API#4
49
Coal prices and freight prices (US$/t)
Price in US$/t
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Jan 03 Apr 03 Jul 03 Oct 03 Jan 04 Apr 04 Jul 04 Oct 04 Jan 05 Apr 05 Jul 05 Oct 05 Jan 06 Apr 06 Jul 06 Oct 06 Jan 07 Apr 07 Jul 07 Oct 07
C4 ausschließlich Frachtrate (API#2 - API#4)
Month C4 Implied freight
Emissions trading
51
CO2 emissions trading
The CO2 market is characterised by fast-growing liquidity 20.000 40.000 60.000 80.000 100.000 120.000 140.000 160.000 180.000 J a n 4 A p r 4 J u l 4 O k t 4 J a n 5 A p r 5 J u l 5 O k t 5 J a n 6 A p r 6 J u l 6 O k t 6 J a n 7 A p r 7 J u l 7 O k t 7 Handelsvolumen [1000 EUA]
Traded volumes in 1,000 EUA
52
CO2 emissions trading Price development (EUA 07)
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 02.01.2006 30.01.2006 27.02.2006 27.03.2006 26.04.2006 26.05.2006 26.06.2006 24.07.2006 21.08.2006 18.09.2006 17.10.2006 14.11.2006 12.12.2006 12.01.2007 09.02.2007 09.03.2007 10.04.2007 08.05.2007 06.06.2007 04.07.2007 01.08.2007 29.08.2007 26.09.2007 24.10.2007 Trading Date Price [EUR/EUA] 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 Volume [1000 EUA]
Vol Price
53
CO2 emissions trading Price Development (EUA 08)
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 2 . 1 . 2 6 3 . 1 . 2 6 2 7 . 2 . 2 6 2 7 . 3 . 2 6 2 6 . 4 . 2 6 2 6 . 5 . 2 6 2 6 . 6 . 2 6 2 4 . 7 . 2 6 2 1 . 8 . 2 6 1 8 . 9 . 2 6 1 7 . 1 . 2 6 1 4 . 1 1 . 2 6 1 2 . 1 2 . 2 6 1 2 . 1 . 2 7 9 . 2 . 2 7 9 . 3 . 2 7 1 . 4 . 2 7 8 . 5 . 2 7 6 . 6 . 2 7 Trading Date Price [EUR/EUA] 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 Volume [1000 EUA]
Vol Price