Coal Conversion to Products Serge Prineau World CTX - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Coal Conversion to Products Serge Prineau World CTX - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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International Coal & Climate Summit Coal Conversion to Products Serge Prineau World CTX www.WorldCTX.com 1 International Coal & Climate Summit November 13, 2013 Coal Conversion Framework Why Converting Coal?

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Serge Périneau World CTX

Coal Conversion to Products

International Coal & Climate Summit

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  • Framework

– Why Converting Coal? – Technologies – Environment – Economics

  • Current Development

– Commercial Units – Projects and Operations – International Co-operation

Coal Conversion

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Coal Conversion

Why Converting Coal?

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A Regional Security Issue

5 10 122 2 61 112 283 29 12 50 8 140 195 215 272 92 221 91 86 207 381

50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400

Asia- Pacific North-Am. South-Am. West- Europe Eurasia Africa Middle East Oil Gas Coal Source: BP Statistical Review 2012 Coal reserves modified for China, Indonesia, Mongolia

Reserves of Conventional Fossil Fuels (Reserves/Consumption)

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Limited Logistic Capacities

Logistic issues

Logistic capacities:

  • capital intensive
  • often congested
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Coal Monetization

US dollars / Ton of coal equivalent

100 200 300 400 500

Power SNG DME Methanol Gasoline Olefins MEG

China: Added Value USA: Revenues

Sources: China: Asiachem (2012) – Xinjiang based prices USA: Siemens (2013)

Power Revenues compared to power

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Coal Conversion

Technology

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Technologies: Main Conversion Routes

Gasification Surface/ Underground

Coal

Synthetic Gas - CO+H2

Indirect routes

Methanation

Natural Gas

USA, China 29 years

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Technologies: Main Conversion Routes

Gasification Surface/ Underground

Coal

Synthetic Gas - CO+H2

Indirect routes

Methanation

Natural Gas Liquid Fuels

Refining Fischer-Tropsch

USA, China 29 years South Africa, China 33 years

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Technologies: Main Conversion Routes

Gasification Surface/ Underground

Liquid Fuels Coal

Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 Methanol

Indirect routes

Methanation

Natural Gas Petrochemicals Liquid Fuels

Methanol To Gasoline Refining Methanol To Chemicals Fischer-Tropsch

USA, China 29 years South Africa, China 33 years China 3 years South Africa, China 15 years

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Technologies: Main Conversion Routes

Gasification Surface/ Underground

Liquid Fuels Coal

Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 Methanol

Indirect routes

Methanation

Natural Gas Petrochemicals Liquid Fuels

Methanol To Gasoline Refining Methanol To Chemicals Hydrogen

NH3 - Urea

NH3 Synthesis Fischer-Tropsch

USA, China 29 years South Africa, China 33 years China 3 years South Africa, China 15 years India, USA, China 31 years

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Technologies: Main Conversion Routes

Gasification Surface/ Underground

Liquid Fuels Coal

Synthetic Gas - CO+H2 Methanol Hydrotreatment Refining Liquefaction

Indirect routes Direct route

Methanation

Natural Gas Petrochemicals Liquid Fuels Liquid Fuels

Methanol To Gasoline Refining Methanol To Chemicals Hydrogen

NH3 - Urea

Dissolution NH3 Synthesis Fischer-Tropsch

USA, China 29 years South Africa, China 33 years China 3 years China 4 years South Africa, China 15 years India, USA, China 31 years

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Coal Conversion

Environment

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Three steps:

  • Coal extraction by the mining industry
  • Conversion itself

– Need for water: 1 to 2 m3 per barrel: an issue in several regions Major research in this field – Ashes, gaseous and liquid noxious emissions: managed through classical chemical processes

  • Combustion: synthetic fuels are purer than from conventional fuels.

Environment: Local Stakes

Source: Idaho National Laboratory (2007) 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Sulfur oxides

  • Part. matter

(<10 ppm) Nitrogen oxides CO Volatile org.

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Coal Conversion: Global Footprint

Well to Wheels emissions (kg of CO2 equivalent per liter of diesel fuel)

1 2 3 4 5 6

Diesel from crude oil CTL diesel w/o CCS CTL diesel with CCS CTL diesel with 38% biomass CTL diesel, CCS & 20% biomass CTL diesel, CCS & 38% biomass*

  • 11%

+8%

  • 50%
  • 83%

+70%

Reference: conventional diesel Source: Princeton Environmental Institute (2013)

Coal Conversion features two drawbacks:

  • [Carbon]/[Hydrogen] high ratio of coal
  • Energy consumption of the Conversion process
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CCS Cost Breakdown

  • In a CTL plant, CO2 is already captured
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Environment: Coal is most controversial

March 2, 2009, Washington DC (Reuters) March 26, 2009, World CTL Conference

« Coal is My Worst Nightmare »

Steven Chu, Nobel physicist, U.S. Energy Secretary

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Coal Conversion

Economics

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Revenues Compared to Power

US dollars / Ton of coal equivalent

100 200 300 400 500

Power SNG DME Methanol Gasoline Olefins MEG

China: Added Value USA: Revenues

Sources: China: Asiachem (2012) – Xinjiang based prices USA: Siemens (2013)

Power

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Crude Barrel Price Equivalent

2006

$/bbl - Crude Oil Equivalent

2007 2008 Rand

Shenhua

JP Morgan U.S. DOE U.S. DOE U.S. National Research Council

U.S. National Coal Council

2009 JGC JGC PEI PEI Technology providers NRC Nal Acad. Yitai 2010 2011 IFP: Europe IFP: USA IFP: China 2012

Shenhua

Source: World CTX

GTC SEI

RIL Asiachem Crude yearly average import price (source IEA) ATK

2013 Brent WTI Crude, Nov’13

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Capital Expenditure

2006

x000$ / daily bbl

2007 2008

Shenhua JP Morgan

DOE DOE NCC 2009 PEI Technology providers

Scully Capital

SSEB NRC Nal Acad. 2010 2011

Reported Capex - 40-50,000 bpd unit

2012

Source: World CTX

Jindal

RIL OIL 44

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Coal Conversion

Current Developments

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Projects and Operations

Philippines Mongolia Arckaringa Mmamabula Waterberg Tata Sasol Assam Irkutsk Secunda Sasolburg Operations Projects Geleximco Clinton Ordos* Fox Creek

SNG CTL&Chem

4.3 Mm3/d 20,000 bpd 160,000 bpd

Great Plans, ND Bumi & Sasol Spitfire Oil L&M Lignite Monash Latrobe

4,000 bpd

Lu’An*

4,000 bpd

Yitai* Serafimovskiy JAMG* Baotou

600,000 tpa

Leuna RIL Jamnagar JSPL NFL Coal India Lubimbi

* In 2011 and 2012, Yitai, Lu’An, JAMG and Shenhua have anounced large extensions

KIER Posco Pecket

2,500 bpd

Minerales

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Coal To Olefins projections: China

1,1 1,76 2,6 6,6 12,7 20,7 23,65 17,3

5 10 15 20 25 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

Chinese Coal To Olefins Capacity (mt/a)

Source: Asiachem 2013

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CTL projections: International Energy Agency

Shenhua 442 kbpd

Sources: IEA – World Energy Outlook 2011

x000 barrels/day India (World CTL’12) JSPL: 80,000 Tata Sasol: 80,000 NFL/Coal India: 5,000 RIL: 80,000 China (decided, 2012) Shenhua: 60,000 Lu’An: 40,000 JAMG: 25,000 Yitai: 10,000

Volumes remain low, but increase is significant.

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International Co-operations and World CTX

Presentations, networking, appraisal

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  • Coal Conversion answers energy security concerns, logistics issues

and search for better coal monetization.

  • Environment is a key issue. Solutions exist: technological

improvements, CCS and combination with biomass.

  • Processes are operated commercially.
  • Conversion is competitive at current energy prices, although capital

intensive.

  • It is expanding fast but will remain a secondary energy route.
  • China has taken the lead.
  • International Co-Operations keep developing.
  • World CTX is committed to support this trend.

Conclusion

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management2014@worldctx.com www.worldctx.com

Thank you.

Welcome in Beijing on March 25-28, 2014