Capital Cities Migration Results of the questionnaire Esher, 8th of - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Capital Cities Migration

Results of the questionnaire Esher, 8th of March 2017

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The ECTUN survey on migration to capital cities in Europe

ETUI and the European Capitals Trade Unions Network (ECTUN) have conducted a questionnaire survey on the integration of migrant workers in European Capital Cities. 19 answers from 15 countries were collected on a range

• f issues concerning the distribution of migrants (EU

mobile workers, non-EU migrants and asylum seekers), several aspects of their integration and trade union engagements to assist, support and recruit them.

Responding Capital Trade Unions

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• EKA - Athens
• DGB BERLIN-BRANDENBURG
• LO D
• LO Stockholm
• SAK
• GWU
• USL/CGTP-IN
• SERTUC
• CCOO de Madrid
• UGT Madrid
• MTUF
• LO N OSLO
• UNSA - URI
• FO URIF
• CGIL Roma
• CISL ROMA
• UIL ROMA
• PODKREPA
• Solidarumas Vilnius

Q 1.2 Main Regions of Migrants outside EU and Refugees/Asylum Seekers – 19/16 answers

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37% 47% 26% 68% 32% 16% 47% 21% 25% 44% 81% 31% 0% 0% 6% 6% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% North Africa Central/Eastern/Western/Southern Africa Western Asia (middle East) Central/ Eastern/ Southern/ South-Eastern Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Northern America Europe Others Refugees/Asylum Seekers Migrants outside EU

Q2 Main reasons to migrate to your capital – 18 answers

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0,00 10,00 20,00 30,00 40,00 50,00 60,00 70,00 80,00 90,00 100,00

• 1. Work
• 2. Family
• 3. Humanitarian
• 4. Others - Study
• 4. Others - Retirement

Intra-EU Outside EU Refugees/Asylum Seekers

94% 39% 28% 6% 83% 44% 22% 22% 28% 6% 100% 17%

Q3 Does irregular (or illegal) migrations constitute a problem in your capital? – 18 answers

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No:39% Yes: 61%

Multiple answers were possible!

Q4 Estimated proportion of irregular migration

– 18 answers

7 11 6 1

2 4 6 8 10 12

Less than 10% 10 - 30% More than 30%

Q5 What kind of migrants are allowed to work?

– 19 answers

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Q6 What proportion of the total workforce of your capital are migrants? – 19 answers

9 42% 47% 10% 0,00

0,00 10,00 20,00 30,00 40,00 50,00 60,00 70,00 80,00 90,00 100,00

Less than 10% 10% - 25% 25% - 35% More than 35%

Q7 In which economic sector(s) are migrant workers in your capital mainly to be found?

• frequency of being mentioned – 19 answers

10 42% 89% 63% 42% 53% 58% 68% 42% 5% 26% 21% 11% 5% 5% 5% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Agriculture Construction Manufacturing Transportation Accommodation Catering establishments Domestic sector/Private households Health Services Educational Services Social services Others - Cleaning Others - Commerce Others - Small business Others - CEO at Multinational Companies Others - Municipal Services

Q8 Main problems facing migrant workers in your Capital – 12 answers

11 33% 75% 58% 83% 75% 33% 56% 69% 87% 25% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Illegal work Non-permanent work Unemployment Lower wages Lower working… Other Refugees/Asylum seekers

• utside EU

Intra EU

Q9 Are there in place any controls on the working conditions of migrant workers? – 19 answers

No: 5% Yes: 95%

Q9.1 If yes, please specifiy

12 89% 32% 32% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Work inspection Foreign affairs police Other

Q10 94% the Trade Unions have activities directed at foreign/migrant workers? – 19/17 answers

13 94% 58% 82% 76% 41% 35% 41% 76% 12% 88% 64% 88% 70% 53% 41% 47% 94% 18% 80% 53% 73% 40% 40% 40% 61% 96% 7%

intra-EU

• utside EU

refugees/asylum seekers

Q11 21% do not organise migrant workers. The reasons are – 4 answers

14 3 1

Your organisation doesn’t consider it important Your organisation is only for national workers Other

Q12 What actions has your Trade Union taken during the last two years to organise/help migrants?

• 15 answers

15 60% 53% 40% 47% 67% 47% 13% 65% 59% 35% 41% 82% 47% 18% 69% 46% 69% 38% 62% 46% 15% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Intra_EU

• utside EU

Refugees/Asylum seekers

Q13 Are other actions being planned? - 19 answers

63% 37%

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• centre for refugees without official

documents

• municipality initiatives
• information material, leaflet directed to

migrant workers informing about their fundamental rights

• training directed to migrant workers

(language, others).

• in contact with small and medium

enterprises, awareness about migrant workers’ rights, health and safety at work.

• fight before the Parliament, for their rights
• training programme for workers councils on

inclusion of refugees in employment

• advocacy work, developing counseling

proposal for refugees.

• reinforcement of actions on refugees’ rights

Q14 was answered by 100% yes: Are there other

• rganisations in your city that are involved in helping

migrant workers- 19 answers

• Christian/church
• rganisations
• Governmental organisations
• Voluntary associations
• Local and regional trade union

Branches

17 89% 79% 95% 32% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Public entities Migrants Associations NGOs Other

Q15 was answered with 100% yes: Relation with the other

• rganisations involved in helping migrant workers? - 18

answers

• partner of a secular network called

working to receive refugees and asylum seekers.

• ffer legal aid regarding the work place
• collaboration agreement
• establishing cooperation between Trade

Unions branches, municipalities and educational institutions

• participation in Municipal Councils e.g.

for Interculturality and Citizenship

18 79% 68% 32% 26% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Meetings Common actions Public demonstrations Other

Q16 What Public Bodies in your City/Region/Municipality support migrant people? - 18 answers

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72,2 83,3 38,9 77,8 83,3 55,6 66,7 16,7 0,0 10,0 20,0 30,0 40,0 50,0 60,0 70,0 80,0 90,0 Host and referral services Health support Public Housing Education Language support and training Meeting with stakeholders Specific Advice Bureau Other

Q16 What Public Bodies in your City/Region/Municipality support migrant people? - 18 answers

72% 83% 39% 78% 83% 56% 67% 17% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Host and referral services Health support Public Housing Education Language support and training Meeting with stakeholders Specific Advice Bureau Other

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Summary of the main findings: distribution of migrants by origin and pupose of migration

In terms of intra-EU labour mobility, most frequent countries of origin to the capital cities involved in the survey were:

• Main reason to move was work (17), followed by family unification (7)

and study (5).

• In terms of regular non-EU migration: Africa with 16 responses took

the lead (7 of which Northern-Africa), followed by Asia (13) and non- EU Europe (9).

• For non-EU regular migrants the number one reason was work (15),

family unification (8) and humanitarian (4).

• For refugees and asylum seekers, the Middle-East (13 responses),

Africa (11), Central-Asia (5) were mentioned with the main reason being humanitarian (18) and work (5).

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Summary: perceptions about migration

• irregular migration causes a problem for their capital city (61% of

answers),

• the majority (11 answers) thought the share of irregular migrants to be

less than 10%, although one third felt this share to be between 10 and 30% (6).

• all migrants‘ share in the workforce was estimated to be between 10 and

25% (9), 8 responses found it under 10%, while 2 thought it was between 25 and 35%.

• migrants being allowed to work: EU citizens on top (18 responses),

followed by migrants from specific countries (16), persons with granted asylum status (16), non-EU countries (15) and refugees (5).

• This is a clear indication that migration, in particular irregular

migration is perceived as a major problem.

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Summary: sectors and working conditions

• For economic sectors, migrants were found to work most often in

construction (17), domestic services (13), manufacturing (12) and catering (11).

• Main problems facing migrants are low pay, lower working

conditions, non-permanent work and unemployment were most frequently mentioned. Surprisingly, all three categories of migrants were seen as largely affected by all these with intra-EU migrants only seen somewhat less affected by unemployment.

• Control mechanisms for working condition were in place according to

18 respondents (out of 19), most frequently including Labour inspection (17) and foreign police (6).

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Summary: trade union activities

Trade union activities directed towards migrants 18 (out of 19) responses reported such activities:

• advice bureau: information about rights, about trade unions,
• fight against discrimination
• demonstration for migrants‘ rights (mostly in case of refugees)
• co-operation with partner unions (mostly for EU citizens)

No major differention in the support activities by type of migration:

• More attention for unionising efforts and anti-discrimination efforts for EU

citizens than for non EU migrants and refugees.

• While the majority of respondents (15) said trade unions organise migrant

workers, 3 respondents mentioned that trade unions organise nationals

• nly.

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Summary: Co-operation with other organisations

• NGOs, migrant organisations and public entities were most

frequently mentioned as co-operation partners for trade unions in migration related matters with meetings, common actions and public demonstrations mentioned as common activities.

• Main points: migration is seen as a major challenge, there does not

seem to be much differentiation made according to type of migration. EU-mobile workers, non-EU migrants and refugees seem to be exposed to similar challenges.