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California Walnut Conference January 10, 2020 By: Ryan Fillmore - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
California Walnut Conference January 10, 2020 By: Ryan Fillmore - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
California Walnut Conference January 10, 2020 By: Ryan Fillmore Fillmore Farms, Inc., Gridley, CA ryan@fillmorefarms.com Organic harvest nightmare if left untreated (micro-emitters) Organic orchard (micro-emitter irrigation) Conventional
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Organic orchard (micro-emitter irrigation)
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Conventional orchard with strong cover crop and strip sprayed berms
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Organic orchard with berms mowed (flood irrigation)
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- 1. Animal
- 2. Heat
- 3. Chemical
- 4. Mechanical
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ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Eco-friendly Relatively low labor cost Potential nitrogen source Secondary income source
Broad spectrum – can’t target
a specific portion of the
- rchard (i.e. berms)
Usually requires fencing and
alternate storage locations when not in active use
Poop
- Timing restricted – spring
clearing only – must be > 90 days from harvest
- FSMA language strongly
against having livestock in
- rchard
- Can NOT be used for harvest
preparation
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ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Prevents weeds from
growing
Targetable (berm, floor,
etc.)
Moderately expensive Efficacy highly dependent
- n weed variety and age
Field and surroundings
must be at minimum moisture level to prevent fire
Less useful for harvest prep
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ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Targeted application
(berm, floor, etc.)
Broad timeframe for use Similarity to conventional
contact weed control systems
Efficacy
- Contact, not systemic
- No pre-emergent
- Not as strong as
conventional options
Cost
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ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
Broad useful timeframe Can clean up after other
methods
Equipment readily
available if not currently
- wned
Useful for flood and solid
set irrigation implementations
Can result in an adequately
clean floor and berm for harvest
Timing is still important,
but not as critical
Labor and energy input
higher for 5-6 passes per year (for optimal biomass reduction)
Does not currently work
well with drip irrigation systems unless drip lines are in canopy
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Organic orchard – flood irrigation with berms
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Organic orchard using disking for weed control (flood irrigation with berms)
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Transitional orchard using tillage and flood/furrow irrigation (mid-summer)
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Organic orchard (solid set sprinkler irrigation – flat berm)
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Pak Flail mower with Sidecutter attachment and bump wheel modification
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Pak Flail mower with Sidecutter attachment and bump wheel modification
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Organic Orchard on September 20
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Organic orchard after mowing with Sidecutter September 25 (5 days later!)
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Nuts shaken and sweeping started – 2+ weeks after last mowing
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Sweeping – 1st pass – grass less of an issue for sweeping than blowing
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Final windrow – Note organic matter in windrow makes it larger than conventional windrows. More frequent mowing and high earthworm population help with digestion of grass clippings over the summer prior to harvest
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Pak Flail mower with Sidecutter attachment and bump wheel modification Example 2
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Organic orchard during spring mow-down (flood irrigation)
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Organic weed control is possible, just
more difficult and/or expensive
Mowing or tillage provide superior
control, but timing can make a big difference with harvest difficulty or ease
Chemical, animal or heat treatments can
be useful, but are more limited
Flood or sprinkler applications are
preferred but drip is possible
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