AgBioChem, Inc. The leader in crown gall control www.agbiochem.com - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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AgBioChem, Inc. The leader in crown gall control www.agbiochem.com Crown Gall Disease Walnut Almond Rose Susceptible Species: 140 genera of more than 60 plant families Apple, pear, cherry, almond, walnut, grape, peach, nectarine,

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AgBioChem, Inc.

The leader in crown gall control

www.agbiochem.com

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Crown Gall Disease

Walnut

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Almond

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Rose

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Susceptible Species:

 140 genera of more than 60 plant

families

 Apple, pear, cherry, almond, walnut,

grape, peach, nectarine, apricot, plum, prune, blackberry, raspberry, pecan, blueberry

 Rose, euonymous, willow, poplar

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Stunts Plant Growth

Walnut

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Wind Failure of Mature Almond Trees:

81% of failed trees had crown gall
crown gall provided access to decay fungi

Provides Entry Point for Decay Fungi

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Chico, CA

January 2008

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Modesto, CA 2010

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Crown Gall Caused by:

Agrobacterium tumefaciens

Tumor-I nducing DNA Normal DNA Pathogen attaches to plant wound

Soilborne bacterium:

ccurs everywhere

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Disease Process:

Pathogen Survives in Soil Pathogen Colonizes Fresh Plant Wounds and Attaches to Plant Cells I njects Tumor-I nducing DNA into Plant Cell Transformed Plant Cells Enlarge and Divide Out of Control Gall Expands and Crowds Out Normal Tissue:

Nutrient and Water Flow Reduced
Gall Provides Entry to Decay Fungi

Pathogen Population I ncreases

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Galltrol Prevents Disease:

Pathogen Survives in Soil Colonizes Fresh Wounds & Attaches to Plant Cells I njects Tumor-I nducing DNA into Plant Cell Transformed Plant Cells Enlarge and Divide Out of Control Pathogen Population I ncreases Gall Expands and Crowds Out Normal Tissue:

Nutrient and Water Flow Reduced
Gall Provides Entry to Decay Fungi

Blocks Colonization Blocks I nfection

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Galltrol Treatment:

 Timing:

as soon after wounding (nursery, delivery to grower, pre-planting) as possible (not more than 12 hours)

 Rate: bacterial growth from 1 plate in 1 gallon

water (non-chlorinated)

 Application Method: spray or dip  Users: growers and nurseries  User Cost: $0.10 to $0.15 per tree (much less for

nursery seeds, cuttings, liners)

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Galltrol: active ingredient is bacterial growth on agar surface

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Galltrol: Mixing

1. Discard lid
2. Submerge dish in

water

3. Wipe bacterial

growth from agar surface

4. Agitate mix to

suspend bacteria

5. Use as spray or dip

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Gallex: Gall Eradicant

Kills gall tissue
Doesn’t harm

healthy cells

Controls crown

gall and apple burr knot

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Gallex: Treatment of

Existing Galls

1. Expose gall

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2. Remove excess gall tissue (chisel, hatchet, knife)

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3. Allow tissue to dry 2-3 days

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4. Paint Gallex onto cut surface (overlap

healthy, intact tissue by 1 inch)

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Gallex: Treatment of Large Galls

Expose galls (compressed air or water, or hand dig)

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Gall Eradicated with Gallex

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Gallex: Treatment program for

eradicating galls on young trees

 Regularly check trees for evidence of galls (at

least twice per growing season) and treat

 Small galls are easier to expose, treat, and

control

 Kill galls before significant plant damage is done  Re-examine treated galls after 3-4 months; treat

gall regrowth, if any

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Gallex Treatment:

Small Galls

Treated Non-Treated

Rose

Paint Gallex Directly onto Gall

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Galltrol & Gallex: U.C.-Endorsed

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U.C. Pest Management Guidelines:

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 Galltrol - crown gall preventative  Gallex – crown gall curative

AgBioChem, I nc.

www.agbiochem.com

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