Bose-Einstein condensation 1 particle density thermal wavelength - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Bose-Einstein condensation 1 particle density thermal wavelength critical point reached for fixed

Bose-Einstein condensation 2 particle density ''condensed'' ''normal' density of p=0- Bosons state with p=0 not properly counted

Bose-Einstein condensation 3 equation of state compressibility V > V c diverges at z = 1

Bose-Einstein condensation 4 entropy (fixed µ ) entropy per particle contribution to entropy from normal particles only

Bose-Einstein condensation 5 specific heat (fixed N ) U classical ideal gas T 3/2 T 5/2 T c T

Bose-Einstein condensation 6 phase diagram p-V -diagram p-T -diagram BEC

Bose-Einstein condensation 7 superfluid 4 He bosonic atoms BEC supefluid frictionless flow rigidity of condensate normal superfluid „ λ - transition “

Bose-Einstein condensation 8 ultra-cold atomic gases 37 electrons + 87 nucleons = 124 Fermions Boson 87 Rb 2000 Rb atoms in a trap T c = 170 nK velocity distribution T ~ T c T < T c T > T c macroscopic occupation of state with p = 0