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Back to the Future Graduation Requirements, Revisited Kathe Taylor, Ph.D. Washington State Board of Education 1 Washington State Board of Education 2008 Core 24 Framework Subject Requirements High School and Culminating Beyond

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Washington State Board of Education

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Back to the Future – Graduation Requirements, Revisited

Kathe Taylor, Ph.D. Washington State Board of Education

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Washington State Board of Education

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2008 Core 24 Framework

Subject Requirements High School and Beyond Plan Culminating Project

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Washington State Board of Education

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Reframing the Vision for College \ Career Readiness

From:

  • minimum

graduation requirements

  • high school

graduation as an ending

  • a K-12 system

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  • :
  • essential or core

graduation requirements

  • high school

graduation as a beginning

  • a P-20 system view
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Washington State Board of Education

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Meaningful High School Diploma

Leaves all options open for our students and provide graduates with the skills and knowledge necessary for postsecondary education, training, and careers.

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Washington State Board of Education

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What are the ‘core’ requirements our students need to graduate career/college ready?

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The Pace of Change

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Washington State Board of Education

7 2009 Core 24 ITF begins work 2010 Core 24 ITF completes work. Board considers ITF recommendations and stakeholder feedback. 2011 The Board adopts new graduation requirements rules. Legislature appropriates funding necessary for graduation requirements. 2016/2017 Graduation requirements go into effect for class of 2016 or 2017. 2008 CP and HSBP become graduation requirements. Board rewrites purpose of a diploma. Board adopts Core 24 framework and adds one math credit. 2007 Meaningful High School Diploma Committee Begins Work 1985 19 credits, 150 hours per credit Established 2000 Culminating Project and High School & Beyond Plan added; clarification of high school-level standards

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Who’s At Stake

Source: EPE 2007; Greene 2002

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What’s in Store. . .

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The Places They’ll Go

Work / Apprenticeship T wo-year College Four-year College Military

Society

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Society

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Knowledgeable and Participating Members of a Democracy

NEW LOOK AT OBESITY PREVENTION POLICIES IN SCHOOLS REVEALS GREATER NEED TO ADDRESS ADOLESCENTS

E n g i n e e r s H o p e t o C a p G u l f S p i l l

Olympia to buy finished art for inside of City Hall, rather than commission art

M a yo r B l o o m b e r g d e f e n d s N Y T r i a l f o r T i m e s S q u a r e B o m b e r

H i g h S c h o o l S t u d e n t s S u s p e n d e d f o r We a r i n g U S F l a g

Packing Tetrahedrons, and Closing In on a Perfect Fit

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Work / Apprenticeship

Massage Therapist, Chef, Graphic Artist, Electrician, Journeyman Welder, Medical and Legal Assistant, Carpenter

Careers on the Fast Track

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What does it mean to be career ready?

Source: “What is ‘Career Ready’”? Association for Career and Technical Education 2010

Career Ready

Academic Skills Employability Skills Technical Skills

Work / Apprenticeship

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Changing Job Market

Work / Apprenticeship Source: Carnevale, Anthony P. and Donna M. Desrochers, Standards for What? The Economic Roots of K–16 Reform, Educational Testing Service, 2003.

Fewer jobs for those with only a high school diploma and more jobs for those with at least some college

  • 23%
  • 9%

+16% +16%

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Students Benefit from “Some College”

  • 1 year of college level credits plus a

credential is the tipping point for students to find career pathways.

  • Jobs that need 1 year college credit + an
  • ccupational credential (certificate) are

among those in greatest demand

  • Credentials increase earnings

From The “Tipping Point” Research, a study that tracked 35,000 working age adult students who came to CTC’s with high school education or less, or non-English-speaking. WA State Board for Community and Technical

  • Colleges. April 2005
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Projected Employment Shares by Occupational Skill Level

Source: Holzer, Harry & Robert Lerman (Feb 2009) “The Future of Middle-Skill Jobs.” Brookings Institution; “Forgotten Middle-Skill Jobs,” www.skills2compete.org

78% 22%

Work / Apprenticeship

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21st Century Jobs Skills

Source: Autor, Levy, and Murnane 2003

Work / Apprenticeship

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The Journey of a Journeyman/woman

?? What trade requires. . .

  • At minimum a GED, but more likely diploma and

good grades. REALLY good. (280 on waiting list— April 2010.) GED applicants are also accepted.

  • Algebra, geometry, trigonometry; science
  • Good vocabulary and oral communication skills
  • Trade-related experience (computer-assisted drafting,

welding skills, blueprint reading/drawing)

  • Physical fitness

Source: SW Washington Pipe Trades Joint Apprenticeship Trades Committee Local 26

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The Journey of a Journeyman/woman

What trade requires. . .

  • An application and an oral interview
  • 5 years of schooling (2 night classes per week, 3.5

hours per night)—after working all day

  • 10,000 hours of on-the-job training
  • A four-hour written exam for licensure

Source: SW Washington Pipe Trades Joint Apprenticeship Trades Committee Local 26

Got a guess?

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Examples of Apprenticeship Requirements

Career Apprenticeship (Hours) Classroom Hours/Yr Mason 4,500-7000 144 Carpenter 3,000-8,000 144-603 Electrician 4,000-8,000 144+ Ironworker 6,000-8,000 160 Millwright 6,000-10,000 144-160 Plumber 6,000-10,000 216+ Source: “Building Washington: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow.” The Washington State Building and Construction Trades Council. August, 2006. Jason Daniels – Ironworker, Spokane

Work / Apprenticeship

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Two – year College Four – year College

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What does it Mean to be College-Ready?

College Ready

K-12 / 4-year College Alignment College Knowledge Applied Knowledge Cognitive Skills Self Management Attributes

No remediation

Math & English

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Two – year College

Certified Nursing Assistant, Dental Hygienist, Court Reporters and Paralegals, Machinist, Heavy Equipment Technician, Information Technology Technician

The Rise of Middle Skill Jobs

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Two-Year College Admission

  • WA community and technical colleges are open

admission

  • Students must take a placement test in math,

reading, and writing to pursue a certificate or degree

  • Students who do not meet standard on the

placement test may have to take remedial classes

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Four – year College

Environmental Lawyer, Aerospace Engineer, Orthodontist, Architect, Archeologist, Entrepreneur, Certified Public Accountant, Marine Biologist

Gateway to the Professions

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WA Four-year Public College Minimum Admission Requirements

  • Complete College Academic

Distribution Requirements (CADRs)

  • Attain a minimum, non-weighted

cumulative GPA of 2.0

  • Provide scores from the ACT or SAT tests
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Military

Supply and Logistics Manager, Combat Correspondent, Public Affairs Officer, Flight Engineer, Pilot, Emergency Management Specialist, Marine Engine Mechanic, Food Services Manager

Real World Career Training

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Military Minimum Admission Requirements

  • Earn a high school

diploma

  • Pass a physical exam
  • Pass the Armed Forces

Qualification Test

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Sample Armed Forces Qualification T est Questions

From the assessment:

  • 1. 389 + 454 =
  • A. 853
  • B. 833
  • C. 843
  • D. 863

Military

  • 2. Our company policy is

that every person is accountable for his or her actions

a) Responsible b) Awarded c) Thanked d) Complimented

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Are Our Graduates College \ Career Ready?

Potential recruits to the armed forces are required to take and pass the Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT). This test is designed to assess candidates’ math and reading skills.

Military

Source: “Ready, Willing, and Unable to Serve.” Mission: Readiness. 2009.

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Are Our Graduates College \ Career Ready?

Source: SBCTC – Role of pre-college education for recent high school graduates attending Washington community and technical colleges. December 2009.

Two-year College

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Are Our Graduates College \ Career Ready?

Four-year College

Source: State Board of Education Transcript Study of 14,875 graduates from 2008

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Source: NCHEMS Information Center for Higher Education Policymaking and Analysis

Chance of college by age nineteen 46th in nation

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How does Washington Measure Up?

  • 22nd in nation in state success indicators leading

to education beyond high school, full-time work, and a living wage

  • 43rd in nation in high school graduation rate
  • 42nd in nation in college participation rates for

students from low-income families

Sources:; Postsecondary Education Opportunity, #206, August 2009; Editorial Projects in Education Research Center Chance-for-Success Index and K-12 Achievement Index, Washington Highlights 2010

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Expected Grad Year 2012 2013 2014 2015 AY 07‐08 8 7 Complete 9,100 6,135

* Includes incomplete applications

AY 08‐09 9 8 7* Complete 7,101 9,808 11,601 AY 09-10 8 7 Applied 3,283 6,191 TOTAL 16,201 15,943 14,884 6,191 % of Eligible 58% 56% 50% 20%

The first cohort of College Bound Scholars was in the 9th grade in 2008-09 and are expected to graduate in

  • 2012. The second cohort was in the 8th grade in 2008-09. For both cohorts, the application deadline was

June 30, 2009. Note: 9th graders in 2008-09 were granted a one-time extension and future application cycles will only be

  • pen to 7th and 8th grade classes. Source: Higher Education Coordinating Board, 2010

More than 52,000 College Bound Applications

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Are Our State-mandated Graduation Credit Requirements Sufficient?

5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 English Math Science Social Studies Arts World Language Career Health & Fitness

Number of States

States That Require More Credits to Graduate than WA*, by Subject Area

*Based on Class of 2013 requirements

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Do Our State Graduation Requirements Meet Minimum Washington 4-year Public College Admission Requirements?

Subject 2013 State-mandated minimum credits to graduate from high school 2012 HECB-mandated minimum four-year public college admission credit requirements English 3 4 Math 3 3-4 (requires Algebra II) Science 2 (1 lab) 2-3 (2 labs) Social Studies 2.5 3 Arts 1 0-1 World Language 2 Health & Fitness 2 Occupational Ed. 1 Electives 5.5 T

  • tal

20 15-16

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Source: The BERC Group, December 2008. Washington State Board of Education Transcript

  • Study. Based on a random sample of 14,875 2008 Washington public high school graduates

Are All Students Equally Prepared?

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What are the Current District Credit Requirements?

1 8 11 83 34 23 22 25 13 5 8 12 2 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

Number of Districts 2009/2010 Washington State District Credit Requirements

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31

Number of Credits

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Core 24

Credit Framework

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How do Everett’s Graduation Requirements Compare?

Subject Class of 2013 Everett SD Class of 2013 State Class of 2012 HECB Requiremts Core 24 Default Requiremts

English 3.5 3.0 4 4 Math 3.0 3.0 3-4 3 Science 2.0 (1 lab) 2.0 (2 labs) 2-3 (2 labs) 3 Social Studies 2.5 2.5 3 3 Arts 1.0 1.0 0-1 2 World Lang 2 2 Health & Fit 2.0 2.0 2 OccEd/Career 1.0 1.0 3 Electives

(+ .5 senior seminar) 6.5

5.5 2 T

  • tal

22 20 15-16 24

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Core 24 Stakeholder Concerns

  • 1. Insufficient flexibility due to too many state-mandated

credits

  • --Not enough room for support/credit recovery classes
  • --Leaves less opportunity for local control
  • --May keep students from skill centers
  • --Difficult for small school districts with limited staff

2. Credits should be allocated differently

  • --Arts and career concentration
  • 3. Will increase the achievement gap

4. Confusing

  • 5. FUNDING: Need resources for staff, facilities,

guidance

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Core 24 Implementation Task Force Recommendations (not in rule!!)(1 of 3)

  • 1. 6-year phase-in, beginning in middle school
  • 2. Two-for-One Policy (earn 1 credit, meet two

requirements)

  • 3. Local waiver of up to 2 requirements
  • 4. Redefine “credit” in WAC to eliminate time-

based definition

  • 5. Allow students who meet standard on state-

approved end-of-course assessments to earn credit for the associated course

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Core 24 ITF Recommendations (2 of 3)

  • 6. Define career concentration as 3 credits,

including one occupational education, that prepare students for postsecondary education and careers related to the course of study in their high school and beyond plan.

  • 7. Advocate for resources to assist struggling

students with credit recovery.

  • 8. Begin High School and Beyond Plan in middle

school and focus on exploring students’

  • ptions and interests.
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Core 24 ITF Recommendations (3 of 3)

  • 9. Provide opportunities for students to begin

meeting high school graduation requirements in middle school at middle level standards. (Different from earning credit in middle school.)

  • 10. Require all students to enroll in the core 18

credits: English (4), Math (3), Science (3), Social Studies (3), Fitness (1.5), Health (.5), Arts (2), Career Concentration/Occupational Ed (1).

(The Board received the ITF report at its May 13-14, 2010 meeting. The report can be found on the home page of the SBE website: http://www.wbe.wa.gov).

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A Meaningful High School Diploma – One Part of Education Reform

It takes a system to prepare a child:

  • Great T

eaching & Leadership

  • Early Learning Resources
  • Data, Assessment, and Evaluation
  • Rigorous and Aligned P-13 Standards,

Curriculum, & Assessment

  • ADEQUATE FUNDING
  • Involved Parents
  • A Meaningful High school Diploma

“instruction that provides students the opportunity to complete 24 credits for high school graduation”

Basic Education Act RCW 28A.150.220

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SBE Next Steps

  • May, 2010—State Board of Education (SBE) receives and discusses

Core 24 Implementation Task Force recommendations and other stakeholder input

  • July, 2010—SBE takes action on Core 24 framework
  • Late Summer/Fall 2010—Public Outreach on Core 24 framework

approved in July

  • September, November 2010—Review and approve draft rule
  • 2010/11—Work with Quality Education Council (QEC) to include

funding in 2011-2013 biennial ESHB 2261 budget package

  • 2011 Legislative Session—Discuss proposed changes with legislature;

advocate for funding

  • Summer 2011--Finalize rule (assuming legislative approval of funding)
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The Push Forward

YouTube

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For further information…

This presentation can be found at the SBE website under “Other Materials”: http://www.sbe.wa.gov Questions? Contact: Kathe Taylor, Policy Director, kathe.taylor@k12.wa.us