Associate Professor of Theoretical Physics Director Nuclear Power - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Patrick Ovie Akusu Associate Professor of Theoretical Physics Director Nuclear Power Plant Development NIGERIA ATOMIC ENERGY COMMISSION, ABUJA

PRESENTATION AT THE NIGERIA CONFERENCE OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES, UNIVERSITY OF CALABAR, CROSS RIVER STATE AUGUST 19 -23, 2019

OUTLINE

The Layman’s Perception Our Perception Need for Electricity Generation using NPPs What are NPPs? Advances in Nuclear Reactor Technologies NPP, a Unique Technology Contemporary Global Concerns Global Approach National Approach Conclusion

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Our Perception

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Nee Need f d for Electricity

• r Electricity Gen

Gener eration tion Us Using ing NPPs NPPs

Electrical Illumination as seen from space at night

WHAT ARE NPPS?

 A

Nucle uclear ar Power er Plant Plant is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor.

 As is typical in all conventional

thermal power stations the heat is used to generate steam which drives a steam turbine connected to an electric generator which produces electricity.

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NAEC

Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission

Advances in in Nuclear Reactor Technology

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440 NPPs in 31 Countries 30 more NPPs under construction Account for 16% of world’s electricity

NPP, a unique Technology

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• Planning, construction, operations and decommissioning

may span over hundred (100) years

• Sustained operations for over sixty (60) years

uninterrupted with a possibility of extended life span.

• Low cost of maintenance required and the refueling

could be after every one and a half years.

• Small amount of fuel generates very large amount of

energy

• Very small waste with definite effective treatment and

disposal plans in place.

• Similarly, decommissioning plan is mandatory.
• It is political.

Global Concerns on NPP Deployment

Safety Security Safeguards Waste Disposal Acceptability

Decommissioning

Emergency Preparedness

Contemporary Global Concerns

GLOBAL APPROACH

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“ATOM FOR PEACE” Ma Mandat ate The mandate of the IAEA is to work with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote safe, secure and peaceful nuclear technologies.

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

Nigeria Atomic Energy Act 46 of 1976 “An Act to establish the Nigeria Atomic Energy Commission for the development

• f atomic energy and all matters relating to the peaceful use of atomic energy.’’

Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Act of 1995 Independent & Empowered to license and regulate the operations of the nuclear sector and the use of radioactive sources.

Establishment of Some Key Federal Government Agencies

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NATIONAL APPROACH

National Emergency Management Agency Act 12 as amended by Act 50 of 1999 To coordinate resources towards efficient and effective disaster prevention, preparedness, mitigation and response in Nigeria.

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Nigeria is also party to various international legal agreements on the peaceful use of nuclear energy

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NATIONAL APPROACH

The draft Nigeria Atomic Energy Bill (2018) which would repeal the NAEC Act 46 of 1976, is to ensure the peaceful and safe operations of nuclear facilities. NAEC

A National Human Resource Development Plan, to have a crop

• f

indigenous nuclear experts, has been developed and is being implemented

The Nigeria Radioactive Waste and Spent Fuel Management Policy, as well as the Strategy/Plan document have been replaced.

Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Waste Management Strategy Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Radioactive Waste Management Policy A draft policy for civil liabilities and nuclear damages has been developed A Public Awareness & Communications Strategy (PACS) has been developed

Some Preparatory Activities to Address the Concerns

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Some Preparatory Activities to Address the Concerns

NNRA The Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguards (NSSS) Bill, which would repeal the Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection Act 19 of 1995, has passed through the Federal Executive Council (FEC), 2018, to the National Assembly for enactment. A series of draft Regulations for NPP spanning the design to the decommissioning phase have been concluded. NEMA The National Nuclear and Radiological Emergency Plan (NNREP) has been developed and validated in collaboration with the IAEA. Nigeria is in various multi-lateral and bilateral collaborations with the IAEA and other Foreign Technical Partners (FTP) for enhanced human resources and capacity development which would ensure the safe operations of nuclear facilities.

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NATIONAL APPROACH

The successful hosting of the IAEA Integrated Nuclear Infrastructure Review (INIR) Mission and its

• utcome is a significant performance indicator that Nigeria’s Nuclear Infrastructure is being

developed in the right direction.

Nigeria is currently implementing its integrated workplan for nuclear power with the assistance of the IAEA

Conclusion

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The e po policies icies and nd st strategie egies s for th the e implementation of Nigeria’s Nuclear En Energ ergy y Programm grammes es is t s to actualize tualize th the e

• ver

erar arching ching go goal l in th the e nuc uclea lear r se sector

• r –

“SAFETY FIRST”

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