Amanda Hope Dr. Bill McDowell, Dr. Wil Wollheim
For this study, culver erts and longer ger : • Run underg underground (under parking lots, roads, buildings, etc.) • Full ully enc enclo losed within a pipe pipe (6’) • No lig light ht source Intr ntrod oducti tion on
PIPED S ED STREA REAM Streams th Stre that f t flow low in in concre rete te/ a / asphalt lt ditc ditches bu but t are re expo posed to to ligh light a t and d th the s surro rroundin ing lan andscape ar e are e cal called ed “dit “ditches” in in th this is stu tudy dy DITCH TCH Intr ntrod oducti tion on
>17,0 ,000 ro road d cro rossin ings in in New H Hamps pshire Map p do doesn’t ’t in inclu lude piped s pipe d stre reams u unde der driveways, pa driv park rkin ing lo lots, , buildin bu ildings, o , or r other surf rfaces Lemay 2008 (personal comm.) Intr ntrod oducti tion on
Prevalence may increase with urbanization Little empirical evidence regarding biogeochemical processes in piped streams Restoration/management efforts Elmore and Kaushal 2008, Walsh et al. 2005
Characterize ecosystem processes in a piped stream ◦ Measure NH4 + and PO4 3- Uptake ◦ Measure Ecosystem Metabolism ◦ Other characteristics Compare results from piped reaches to non-piped reaches Intr ntrod oducti tion on
Open ( n (Refe ferenc nce) Reach ach Pipe ipe 1 1 (Conc oncrete) Dow owns nstream m 1 Dit Ditch (Ston tone) Pipe ipe 2 2 (Metal al) Dow owns nstream m 2 250 m Metho thods
Combin bined N d NH 4 + /P /PO 4 Upstream eam-Dow Downstre tream m 3- solu olute additi ddition u usin ing B Br - O 2 ch chan ange w w/reaera rati tion on an and Rhodamin mine as as t tracer acers dete de termined u d usin ing SF SF 6 Hauer & Lamberti 2007, LINX Protocol (Potter, pers. comm.) Metho thods
NH4 PO4 • NH4-N: 20-75 ug/L • PO4-P : 3-12 ug/L • NO3-N: 70-600 ug/L NO3 • Cl: 25-270 mg/L Cl
NH NH 4 Upt Uptak ake Ve Velocity a a b b 0 Resul ults ts
b PO PO 4 Upta Uptake ke Vel Velocity a a 0 Resul ults ts
ND ND Resul ults ts
2 ) Peak Light (lum/ft Reach Peak H 2 O Temp. (C) k O 2 (1/min ) Q (L/s) Velocity (m/min) 3000 17 0 5 1.06 Open (Reference) 0 22 0.015 5.2 5.91 Pipe 1 (Concrete) 17000 22 0.015 5.2 3.53 Downstream 1 (Open) 11000 22 0.015 27.4 7.5 Ditch (Stone, Open) 0 22 0.012 27.4 6.14 Pipe 2 (Metal) Resu sults/ s/ Discussio Dis ion
NH4 + and PO4 3- V f values within range found in literature, although on low end (Hall et al . 2002, Ensign & Doyle 2006) Uptake was measured in piped stream reaches In some cases, uptake velocities in piped stream reaches were significantly higher than nearby open reaches Related to Energy Limitation? Sediments? Pools? Other characteristics??? Dis Discussio ion
Ecosystem metabolism results similar to Mulholland et al. 2001 Most reaches were heterotrophic Related to Light? Temp? Nutrients? Other? First look at biogeochemical processes in piped stream reaches Additional study needed Dis Discussio ion
3- uptake velocities What are NH 4 + and PO 4 during Open Canopy? Is there NO 3 uptake at summer baseflow? Is there DOC uptake at summer baseflow? Will my Ecosystem Metabolism results be supported by additional measurements? What are FBOM, Chl. a, and TSS/sediment amounts? Dis Discussio ion
Thank you! to my committee: Dr. Bill McDowell, Dr. Wil Wollheim, and Dr. Gretchen Gettel Jody Potter, Jeff Merriam, Adam Baumann, Michelle Daley, and Jeff Schloss for field/lab assistance, advice, and materials NH Water Resources Research Center for funding aman andaj ajhope@gm gmail.com
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