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Continuous Improvement Toolkit . www.citoolkit.com

Continuous Improvement Toolkit Affinity Diagram

Continuous Improvement Toolkit . www.citoolkit.com

Check Sheets

Data Collection

Process Mapping Flowcharting Flow Process Charts 5S Value Stream Mapping Control Charts Mistake Proofing Tree Diagram*

Understanding Performance

Fishbone Diagram Design of Experiment

Implementing Solutions** Creating Ideas

Brainstorming Attribute Analysis

Deciding & Selecting

Decision Tree Force Field Analysis Cost Benefit Analysis Voting

Planning & Project Management*

Value Analysis Kaizen Events Quick Changeover

Managing Risk

FMEA PDPC RAID Log* Observations Focus Groups

Understanding Cause & Effect

Pareto Analysis IDEF0 5 Whys Matrix Diagram Kano Analysis KPIs Lean Measures Importance-Urgency Mapping Waste Analysis Fault Tree Analysis Relationship Mapping* Benchmarking** SCAMPER** C&E Matrix Confidence Intervals Pugh Matrix SIPOC* Prioritization Matrix Stakeholder Analysis Critical-to Tree Paired Comparison Improvement Roadmaps Interviews QFD Graphical Analysis Lateral Thinking Hypothesis Testing Visual Management Ergonomics Reliability Analysis Cross Training How-How Diagram** Flow Time Value Map ANOVA Gap Analysis* Traffic Light Assessment TPN Analysis Decision Balance Sheet Suggestion systems Risk Assessment* Automation Simulation Break-even Analysis Service Blueprints DMAIC Process Redesign Run Charts TPM Control Planning Chi-Square SWOT Analysis Capability Indices Policy Deployment Data collection planner* Affinity Diagram Questionnaires Probability Distributions Bottleneck Analysis** MSA Descriptive Statistics Cost of Quality* Process Yield Histograms & Boxplots Just in Time Pick Chart Portfolio Matrix Four Field Matrix Root Cause Analysis Data Snooping Morphological Analysis Sampling Spaghetti Diagram Pull OEE Mind Mapping* Project Charter PDCA

Designing & Analyzing Processes

Correlation Scatter Plots Regression Gantt Charts Activity Networks RACI Matrix PERT/CPM Daily Planning MOST Standard work Document control A3 Thinking

The Continuous Improvement Map

Multi vari Studies

Continuous Improvement Toolkit . www.citoolkit.com

 Affinity Diagram helps categorize and organize a large number

• f fragmented uncertain information into logical cohesive

groups.

 The goal is to create a limited number of groups.  This results in better idea selection or a problem that is better

understood.

 Also known as KJ Analysis.

• Affinity Diagram

Continuous Improvement Toolkit . www.citoolkit.com

When to Use It?

 During idea-generation brainstorming sessions.

• It stimulates creative right-brained thoughts.

 During problem-solving sessions.

• When information is subjective or held by different people, but no

clear picture of the problem is emerging yet.

• Affinity Diagram

Continuous Improvement Toolkit . www.citoolkit.com

When to Use It?

 To capture the voice of the customer.

• Feedback from customers is a valuable source for improvement
• It needs to be collected, organized and analyzed to be useful.
• Affinity diagrams are used to find messages in customer

statements which might come from different sources:

• Complaints.
• Interviews.
• Focus groups.
• Telephone discussions.
• Affinity Diagram

Continuous Improvement Toolkit . www.citoolkit.com

How to Conduct an Affinity Session:

 Present the topic or define the problem clearly.  Give the team index cards or sticky-notes.  Ask them to write an idea or issue per card.  Call out the ideas or issues and hang them on the wall.  Lead the team to silently sort the ideas or issues into categories.  Lead them labeling each group of cards.  Eliminate duplicate ideas.  Add arrows between items and

groups to show significant relationships.

• Affinity Diagram

Continuous Improvement Toolkit . www.citoolkit.com

Three Basic Steps:

• Affinity Diagram

Capture Group Label

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Example – Identify How to Successfully Implement Change:

• Affinity Diagram

It may take longer to change Some people will never change Training at all levels Communicate change vision Performance management

Planning Change Obstacles

Quick wins A change agent Paradigms

Implementation

Sense of urgency A vision to change Empower

• ment

Encourage personal development A blaming culture Change resistance Leadership A change plan

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Further Information:

 The ideas shouldn’t be discussed until the final affinity diagram

is complete.

 Record the actual spoken words when data is verbal (during

interviews or observations).

 The best results tend to be achieved when the exercise is

implemented by a cross-functional team.

• Affinity Diagram