A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz 0.18 m CMOS Quadrature VCO X. Redondo, J. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz 0.18 m CMOS Quadrature VCO X. Redondo, J. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Nov 07, 2023 102 likes •356 views

DCIS08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 1/ 26 A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz 0.18 m CMOS Quadrature VCO X. Redondo, J. Pallars, F. Vila , L. Ters and F. Serra-Graells System Integration Department Institut de Microelectrnica de Barcelona

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SLIDE 1

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 1/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz 0.18μm CMOS Quadrature VCO

  • X. Redondo, J. Pallarés, F. Vila, L. Terés

and F. Serra-Graells

System Integration Department Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona Centre Nacional de Microelectrònica - CSIC Spain November 2008

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SLIDE 2

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 2/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 3

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 3/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 4

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 4/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Scenario

  • Very Low-Power

Superheterodyne TX/RX PLL with Sigma-Delta Modulation QVCO specs:

Frequency BandWidth: 2.40-2.48GHz Phase noise at 1Mhz: -72dBc/Hz Phase noise at 2Mhz: -95dBc/Hz Phase noise at 3Mhz: -105dBc/Hz Quadrature 90º Low-Gain < 30MHz/V Very Low-Power < 1mW at 1.2V Power Supply Technology: 0.18μm 1poly 6 metal 1.8V

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 5

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 5/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 6

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 6/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Ring Oscillator Relaxation Oscillator LC Oscillator Avantatges:

Low phase noise One transistor Oscillators High frequency resonators High spectral purity

Drawbacks:

Low Q factor

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 7

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 7/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 8

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 8/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Simulation Results Output Voltage = 550 mVpp Stabilization Time = 90 ns Quadrature Error = 0.2º Phase noise (3MHz) = -120dBc/Hz Harmonic difference = 50 dB Mismatch immunity ↑

Active quadrature

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 9

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 9/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 10

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 10/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Double current source Modified follower Polarization control using reference follower Simulation Results

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 11

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 11/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 12

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 12/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Switch plus Transistor MIM plus Switch CMIM↑↑ Transistor’s operation region

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 13

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 13/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 14

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 14/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Full-Custom Layout Design

Reference QVCO QVCO2 No-bias control QVCO3 Varactor QVCO4 N-Well Inductor QVCO5 Optimized Layout QVCO6 Standard Cells

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 15

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 15/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 16

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 16/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Test bench

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 17

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 17/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Power: 700μA at 1.2V; Freq.: 2.45GHz

Reference QVCO Results

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

PN 3MHz

  • 131 dBc/Hz

I/Q Error < 1º KVCO 20 MHz/V Jitter ~ 2ps

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SLIDE 18

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 18/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Test bench attenuation: 5.5 dB; Buffers gain : -18 dB.

Output Power

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

Output Voltage = 500 mVpp

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SLIDE 19

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 19/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Phase noise in QVCO2.

Comparison with different versions

Phase noise in QVCO4. Coarse Gain in QVCO3. Quadrature Error in QVCO5.

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

PN 3MHz

  • 131 dBc/Hz

PN 3MHz

  • 126 dBc/Hz

KVCO 200 MHz/V I/Q Error < 1º

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SLIDE 20

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 20/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Phase noise vs Current.

Parametric results

Phase noise vs Frequency. Quadrature Error vs Current. Quadrature Error vs Frequency.

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 21

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 21/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

State of art comparison

Figure of Merit:

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

Referència VDD [V] IDD [mA] PD [mW] Fosc [GHz] Δf [MHz] L(Δf) [dBc/Hz] FOM [-] This work 1.20 0.70 0.84 2.50 3.00

  • 131.68

190.85 1.00 5.00 5.00 6.00 1.00

  • 120.3

188.87 1.30 16.00 20.80 2.27 3.00

  • 140.00

184.40 1.80 3.20 5.76 5.50 1.00

  • 115.00

182.20 2.00 15.00 30.00 1.57 0.60

  • 133.50

187.08 2.50 8.00 20.00 1.85 3.00

  • 143.00

185.79 1.25 1.74 2.18 2.01 1.00

  • 124.00

186.69 1.20 4.40 5.28 6.00 1.00

  • 117.00

185.34 1.80 9.70 17.46 5.00 1.00

  • 125.60

187.16 2.50 8.75 21.88 5.20 1.00

  • 124.00

184.92 0.70 7.40 5.18 2.40 1.00

  • 124.90

185.36 1.80 6.00 10.80 2.60 0.10

  • 105.00

182.97 1.80 1.60 2.88 2.40 3.00

  • 131.50

184.97 1.20 12.25 14.70 2.45 1.00

  • 120.00

176.11

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SLIDE 22

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 22/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

1 Introduction 2 VCO Topology 3 Quadrature Generation 4 Bias Control 5 Capacitive Bench 6 Physical Design 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 23

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 23/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Great results on phase noise. Remarkable results in FOM Low-current and Low-Power Supply. Varactor vs capacitors bench. Importance of mismatch in quadrature generation. Amplitude noise appears in very-low amplitude output. Effective bias control improvement.

Conclusions

Intro VCO Quad. Biasing Capac. Bench Layout Res. Con.

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SLIDE 24

DCIS’08: A 1.2V Low-Power 2.4GHz QVCO 24/ 26 F . Vila et al. Centro Nacional de Microelectrónica

Thank you for your attention!!!