2050 and future global trends in coal use Coal mine methane, - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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International strategic workshop on European coal research in light of EU policy objective to 2050 and future global trends in coal use Coal mine methane, including from closed mines

UNECE

28 January 2020, Brussels, Belgium

Michal Drabik, UNECE Secretariat

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UNECE Sustainable Development Goals

• 17 SDGs, agreed

by UN GA in 2015, are the principal framework for the UNECE’s work in sustainable energy.

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UNECE Sustainable Development Goal No. 7

• SDG 7 is about providing

sustainable energy to the world.

• SED focuses on ‘energy for

sustainable development’.

• Target 7A:
• By 2030, enhance international

cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology.

• Fossil fuels today: 80% of primary energy and key to

energy access.

• Coal accounts for 27% of the global primary energy supply and

38% of the global electricity supply.

• OECD countries are experiencing a decline in coal

production while the Asia – Pacific region is experiencing a rapid increase in coal production and use.

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Energy Facts and Solutions (1)

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Energy Facts and Solutions (2)

• In 2050, even under a 2 degree scenario, fossil energy will

represent 40% of the energy mix.

• Access to financing for R&D is necessary in both:

renewable energy and clean fossil fuels technologies.

• Available options: HELE technologies, CCUS, CMM.
• CMM and AMM emissions will persist for decades.

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Energy Facts and Solutions (3)

• Capture and use of CMM is among the most effective near-

term options to minimize the carbon footprint of the mining sector.

• It mitigates climate change, but also:
• enhances mine safety and productivity;
• localizes energy production;
• improves local/regional air quality;
• serves as a catalyst for investment.

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Energy Coal Mine Methane

• Best Practice Guidance for Effective Methane Drainage

and Use in Coal Mines

• First edition: 2010;
• Second Edition: 2016.
• In 2011, ECOSOC invited UN Member States,

International Organizations, and the Regional Commissions to take measures to ensure the application of BPG in countries worldwide.

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Group of Experts on CMM Best Practice Guidance on CMM

• The document presents recommended principles on CMM

capture and use, thus providing decision-makers with a base of understanding from which to direct policy and commercial decisions.

• It does not replace or supersede laws and regulations.
• The guidance is principle based and can be adapted to

varying mining conditions.

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Group of Experts on CNN CNN Best Practice Guidance

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Group of Experts on CMM Broad Approach

• Problem of emissions persists throughout the whole coal

mining life cycle.

• The emissions do not cease at the time of mine closure.

Methane escapes abandoned mines through natural and mining related fractures and other conduits.

• Methane emissions increase for a short period after mine

closure and then decrease and persist on a stable level for many years.

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Group of Experts on CMM Abandoned Mine Methane (AMM) (1)

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Group of Experts on CMM Abandoned Mine Methane (AMM) (2)

(Coté, M., 2018)

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Group of Experts on CMM Abandoned Mine Methane (AMM) (3)

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Million Cubic Meters Cumulative Production Operating Years Avion Annual Gas Production Divion Annual Gas Production

(Moulin, J., 2019)

Annual gas production from the Avion and Divion Mines

• As of 2010, the share of abandoned mine methane (AMM)

in total CH4 emissions from coal was 17%. This share is expected to increase to 24% through to 2050. (Reference scenario, PNNL)

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Group of Experts on CMM Abandoned Mine Methane (AMM) (4)

Global AMM and CMM Emissions

• In many countries problem of mine closure is gradually

more challenging.

• E.g. in China there was 24,800 active mines in 2005
• In 2017 the number of active mines was 7,000
• It is planned that further 4000 small and 300 big coal mines will be

closed in China soon

• There is a huge potential for GHG reduction in proper AMM

management.

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Group of Experts on CMM Abandoned Mine Methane (AMM) (1)

• Proper mine closure is necessary for efficient use of AMM.
• Technology allowing to recover AMM is readily available.

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Group of Experts on CMM Best Practice Guidance on AMM

• Best Practice Guidance for Effective Methane Recovery

and Use from Abandoned Coal Mines

• BPG provides guidance and support for

development of post-mining projects to reduce the overall emissions attributable to the coal mining life cycle by optimizing recovery and use of methane that would

• therwise be released to

atmosphere.

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Group of Experts on CMM Best Practice Guidance on AMM

• Regardless of a selected option for attaining carbon

neutrality and a pace of coal phase-out in a given country, as long as coal mines are operational, CMM has to be dealt with in a way assuring safety of the mining personnel and the lowest possible carbon footprint of the coal extraction activities.

• Closing mines needs to be conducted in accordance with

good practices assuring that mines are properly sealed and enabling development of AMM projects preventing waste of a valuable resource and minimizing direct emissions of AMM to the atmosphere.

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Coal Mine Methane Conclusions

• Consequently, access to financing for R&D of CMM and

AMM technologies is necessary, and it is in full compliance with SDG 7 and its target 7 A.

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Coal Mine Methane Research Needs (1)

Target 7 (A) By 2030, enhance international cooperation to facilitate access to clean energy research and technology, including renewable energy, energy efficiency and advanced and cleaner fossil-fuel technology, and promote investment in energy infrastructure and clean energy technology

• Research is also needed to identify the scale of methane

emissions from coal mines.

• For reporting purposes (and developing a reliable emission

factor) emissions quantities should be distinguished between those coming from:

• underground and surface mines,
• active and abandoned mines,
• hard coal mines and lignite mines,
• extractive and post-mining activities (processing: such as crashing,

removal of impurities, dewatering, etc.).

• Mapping of abandoned mines is necessary.
• Specifying coal type, date of closure, whether it was flooded or not, and

the procedure under which it was closed.

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Coal Mine Methane Research Needs (2)

Michal Drabik

Economic Affairs Officer, UNECE Secretary of the GoE on CMM Tel: +41 (0) 22 917 3966 Email: michal.drabik@unece.org http://www.unece.org/energy/se/cmm.html

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UNECE Contact

Workshop: Post-Mining Perspectives: Capture and Use of Abandon Mine Methane, and Mine Reclamation and Revitalization of Post Mining Areas, Cracow, Poland, 26 February 2020 Global Methane Forum 2020, 23-27 March 2020, Geneva, Switzerland, featuring:

• High-level Plenary meeting, 24 March
• 15th session of the Group of Experts on CMM, 23 March
• 7th session of the Group of Experts on Gas, 26-27 March
• Workshop: Financing AMM Projects and Standards for Mine Closure, 25 March

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UNECE Upcoming Events

ENERGY Sustainable Energy Division UNECE 28 January 2020, Brussels, Belgium

Thank you!