BODY’S DEFENSE MECHANISMS: 1 st PREVENTS ORGANISMS FROM ENTERING THE BODY SKIN FLUIDS: TEARS, SALIVA, VAGINAL SECRETIONS CILIA COUGH REFLEX 2 nd DESTROYS ORGANISMS THAT ENTER THE BODY IMMUNE SYSTEM 2
IMMUNE SYSTEM 1. INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE 2. IMMUNE RESPONSE 3
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE HISTAMINE IS RELEASED (CAUSES VESSELS TO DILATE AND CAUSES FLUID TO FLOW INTO INJURED TISSUE) 4
INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE (MANISFESTATION) HEAT SWELLING REDNESS 5
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=_bNN95sA6-8
• IMMUNE SYSTEM 1. INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE 2. IMMUNE RESPONSE 7
PHASES OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE • 1 st MACROPHAGES CONSUME AND ALERT • 2 nd HELPER T-CELLS TRIGGER KILLER T-CELLS AND B-CELLS • 3 rd KILLER T-CELLS DESTROY AND B-CELLS PRODUCE ANTIBODIES • 4 th SUPPRESSOR T-CELLS STOP THE IMMUNE RESPONSE 8
IMMUNE RESPONSE (MANIFESTATION) FEVER INCREASED MUCOUS PRODUCTION FATIGUE 9
http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=G7rQuFZxVQQ
IMMUNITY SOME OF THE LYMPHOCYTES CREATED DURING THE IMMUNE RESPONSE ARE RESERVED AS MEMORY T- AND B- CELLS. THESE CIRCULATE IN THE BLOOD SYSTEM FOR YEARS READY TO ATTACK THE PATHOGEN THE MOMENT IT ENTERS THE BODY… BEFORE IT CAN EVEN CAUSE ILLNESS. 11
PATHOGENS: VIRUSES BACTERIA PARASITES FUNGI 12
Immune system 13
QW: What did you just learn about the body’s defense mechanisms?
In order to stay well, we need to protect our body’s defense system…
IMMUNIZATION A PREPARATION USED TO TRIGGER THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AGAINST A PARTICULAR ORGANISM. 16
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kwVfcc1S7IU&feature=player_detailpage
CDC’s currently recommends these immunizations for young adults: Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) Meningococcal vaccine (MCV4) Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine series Hepatitis B series Polio series Measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) series Varicella (chickenpox) series – A second catch-up varicella shot is now recommended Pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPV) Hepatitis A Everyone 6 months of age and older should get vaccinated each year against influenza .
WHAT TO DO TO SUPPORT YOUR IMMUNE SYSTEM (ON AN INDIVIDUAL LEVEL) WASH HANDS EXERCISE SLEEP EAT A NUTRITIOUS DIET MANAGE STRESS Make sure you are up to date with your immunizations AVOID PEOPLE WHO ARE INFECTED STOP SMOKING ONLY DRINK ALCOHOL IN MODERATION HAVE SAFE SEX USE ANTI-MICROBIALS WHEN NECESSARY 19
WHAT TO DO TO SUPPORT OUR IMMUNE SYSTEM (ON A COMMUNITY LEVEL) CLEAN WATER SUPPLY ADEQUATE SEWAGE TREATMENT MOSQUITO ERADICATION PROPER FOOD PREPARATION IMMUNIZATION PROGRAMS 20
QW: What can we do to keep our immune system strong, both on an individual level and on a community level? 21
Additionally, to keep ourselves well we need to know: • When it’s critical to go to the hospital, clinic, or doctor’s office. • How to take care of ourselves on our own. • We need to know our rights. • We need to know how to make the Behavioral Changes that will allow us to stay ‘Well ’. 22
Conditions that require emergency room treatment a. severe chest pain b. severe shortness of breath c. loss of consciousness d. uncontrollable bleeding 23
Manage Emergencies while waiting for assistance • Call for help and…. – Administer CPR – Immobilize fractures – Stop bleeding with compression Treat minor injuries: *RICE (rest, ice, compression,elevation 24
You want to have chosen providers you trust. 25
CONVENTIONAL CLINICIANS MEDICAL DOCTOR DOCTOR OF OSTEOPATHY REGISTERED NURSE NURSE MIDWIFE NURSE PRACTITIONER PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT 26
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE ACUPUNCTURIST CHIROPRACTOR ROLFER HYPONOTHERAPIST 27
COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE/ INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 28
AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION 312-464-5000 29
OFFICE OF ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 301-402-2466 30
NATIONAL COUNCIL AGAINST HEALTH FRAUD 909-824-4690 31
Medical Self-care • Learn to be a keen observer (Keep a Journal of symptoms that are severe, unusual, persistent, or recurrent) • Become familiar with over-the-counter Medical self-tests (urinary tract infection test, pregnancy test, total cholesterol test, glucose, HIV, sperm concentration, fecal occult blood test, drug abuse test, ovulation prediction test…) • Try Non-drug options (ice, massage….) • Become familiar with Over-the-counter medications (Benadryl, Monistat, Abreva, Nicorettes , Dramamine, ….) 32
Patient’s Bill of Rights The right to considerate and respectful care. The right to confidentiality. The right to privacy The right to refuse treatment. The right to receive information in order to give informed consent. The right to obtain current information on your Dx, Tx, and prognosis 33
QW: What are some things you have done to take care of yourself? 34
Share with your neighbor what you, personally, have done to keep yourself well. 35
MAKING BEHAVIORAL CHANGES If we are to focus on Wellness we need to know what goes into making Behavioral Changes…. 36
37
Self-Efficacy The expectation that you are going to succeed at some specified goal. 38
39
MAINTAIN A HIGH SELF-ESTEEM 40
HOW CAN YOU MAINTAIN HIGH SELF-ESTEEM? • Set up “mastery situations” • Set goals that call on you to overcome obstacles, make persistent effort, but at the same time, don’t set you up for failure. • Look for a model (a person with whom you have a lot in common who has mastered the skills you want to acquire) • Compare yourself with yourself • Surround yourself by people who appreciate you 41
Kp: power to change 42
Trans-Theoretical Model Pre- contemplation stage Contemplation stage Preparation Action stage Maintenance stage 43
We need to be non-judgmental and patient with ourselves as we try to make these changes. 44
St Steps ps in in a be a beha havior ior ma mana nage gement ment progr gram am : • Monitor your behavior and gather data • Analyze the data and identify patterns (know your triggers) • Set specific goals • Devise a plan of action to avoid the triggers • Make a personal contract • Keep track of your progress and revise your plan as necessary 45
To succeed, succeed, when trying to change a behavior: Make time/ cost effective choices • • Find a friend • Use a role model • Expect success • Be patient • Don’t judge, just problem solve 46
QW: What do you need in order to successfully make a behavioral change? 47
Share with your neighbor a time when you tried to make a behavioral change. Based on what you just learned, analyze together what made it possible for you to be successful or what got in the way of you trying to make the change.
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WELLNES LLNESS is something everyone can have and each of us has personal responsibility for our wellness. 50
A W WELL ELLNESS NESS PROFILE OFILE Learn Le rn to mana nage ge stre ress ss Ma Maintai ntain n a hi high sel elf-esteem esteem Take ke an ac n acti tive ve st stanc nce to towar ard d yo your ur li life 52
53 Kp Saturday
A W A WEL ELLNESS LNESS PR PROFILE ILE Avoid tobacco Eat well Exercise 54
A W WELLNES LLNESS S PRO ROFILE LE Know when to treat your illnesses yourself and when to seek help Understand the health care system and use it effectively 56
A W A WEL ELLNESS LNESS PR PROF OFILE ILE Understand how the environment affects your health 57
Majora Carter is the Macarthur-winning founder of Sustainable South Bronx, “an organization dedicated to community development, sponsoring projects that protect the environment and bring beautiful green space to the inner city. Her commitment is to environmental justice.”
“God made us walking animals – pedestrians. As a fish needs to swim, a bird to fly, a deer to run, we need to walk, not in order to survive, but to be happy .” – Enrique Peñalosa “Enrique Peñalosa promoted a city model giving priority to children and public spaces and restricting private car use, building hundreds of kilometers of sidewalks, bicycle paths, pedestrian streets, greenways, and parks”. He planted more than 100,000 trees. “He developing a model for urban improvement based on the equal rights of all people to transportation and public spaces.”
A W A WEL ELLNESS LNESS PR PROFILE ILE Understand the natural processes of aging and dying 60
Kp: getting older (time to make some changes) 61
A WE A WELLNESS NESS PR PROF OFILE ILE Know the facts about cardiovascular disease, cancer, and infections Protect yourself against injuries 62
Kp: signs 63
“ WELLNESS is the ability to live life fully -- with vitality and QW: What is a ‘Wellness Profile’? meaning .” 64
Discuss what you wrote with your neighbor(s).
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