Study of protoplanetary matter in the far space, Solar system and on the Earth Strategic Academic Units Research area Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Scientifjc problems in the area of the development and studies of functional materials Engineering School of New Industries 1
Key idea Comprehensive on-the-ground and orbital studies of the chemical, physical and mineral evolution of the cosmic substance with the aim of solving the problem of planetary hazards. The project is aimed at solving such fundamental problems of the mankind as: • Worldview problems (origin of the life, planets and stars); • Fundamental problems of the natural science (origin of heavy elements, structure and evolution of stars, planetary and stellar systems, galaxies and the universe as a whole); • Problems related to the protection from extraterrestrial hazards, the diagnostics of the atmosphere and carrying out ecological studies; • Problems related to the development and testing of methods and equipment that will be used for solving other vital problems; • The new level of research going beyond the existing global practice will be reached by means of creation of a ground observational base working in combination with a space telescope. 2
Research Supervisor of the Project Andrey Sobolev Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, senior researcher. Performer of the work “Organization of scientific research”, acting director, Head of Department of Astrophysics of Kourovka Astronomical Observatory of INSaM UrFU, Member of the International Astronomical Union, European Astronomical Society, Eurasian Astronomical Society; research works are listed among the most important achievements of the Russian astronomy in 2016, 2015, 2013 etc. 3
Principal investigators: Victor Grokhovsky — Candidate of Technical Sciences, professor, performer of the work “Organization of scientific research”, leading researcher of the Institute of Physics and Technology, Head of EXTRA TERRA CONSORTIUM laboratory, member of the Meteoritical Society, in 2013 was included in top-10 scientists of the year by Nature journal. Eduard Kuznetsov , Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Astronomy and Geodesy, head of the center of excellence “Astronomy and studies of extraterrestrial space”. Vadim Krushinksy , young researcher, performer of work “Support of scientific research”, Head of Laboratory of astro-instrumentation engineering of Kourovka Astronomical Observatory of INSaM UrFU. Anton Vasyunin , young researcher, PhD, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Head of Laboratory of Astrochemistry of Kourovka Astronomical Observatory of INSaM UrFU. 4
Principal investigators WoS – number of publications WoS – total number of WoS – number of WoS – total number H-index (according Name during 5 years (from Q1) publications citations for 5 years of citations to WoS) Andrey Sobolev 29 (18) 78 78 940 19 Victor Grokhovsky 61 (39) 104 217 460 11 Eduard Kuznetsov 7 (0) 40 7 65 4 Vadim Krushinsky 12 (7) 16 44 77 6 Anton Vasyunin 19 (18) 26 290 460 14 5
Project tasks • Studying chemical composition, physical and dynamical state of the protoplanetary matter at difgerent stages of the planetary system evolution; • Development of instruments and methods for studying the protoplanetary matter in the deep and near space, as well as meteorites; • Formation of a ground-based complex for carrying out observations in the ultraviolet range that, in conjunction with the space telescope, will allow bringing the studies to the level going beyond the existing global practice; • Collecting meteorites and space dust, in particular in the blue ice areas in the Antarctic, and in cold and hot deserts. Experimental studies of meteorite substance of difgerent types; • Forming bolide networks in the area of big cities: protection and search. 6
Achievements UrFU researchers actively participate in the development and implementation of research programs of space projects with the leading Russian participation, and take the lead in a number of areas related to the evolution and the state of space objects material. Studies carried out by UrFU researchers demonstrated that the Semenov et al. (2013) Khaibrakhmanov et al. (2017) transformation of space dust to comets and asteroids is accompanied by Vasyunin et al. (2011) the complication of the protoplanetary substance chemical composition Akimkin et al. (2013) and the appearance of organic and prebiotic molecules. 7
Achievements • In the course of search expeditions UrFU researchers compiled a unique collection of the meteorite matter containing chondrules and CAIs – the most important construction material for planets and as - teroids. UrFU researchers’ competency in the fjeld of meteorite sub- stance studies belongs to the TOP-10 in the world; The Antarctic LOM1 HH 3,6 • Studies of the moon soil, meteorites and space dust are carried out only in UrFU (among universities); Illustration NASA, JPL-Caltech / T.Pyle, Mia Olsen. • 6 members of the International Meteoritical Society (from the total number of 8 in Russia) are UrFU stafg members; • UrFU is a co-organizer of the meeting of the International Meteorite Society in 2018. Desert LUT Iran chondrite L3 8
Breakthrough nature of the project • A pilot project in the sphere of comprehensive studies of the substance in the space from gas-and-dust components to planetesimal, asteroids and meteorites; • Comparative distance and laboratory studies of physical and chemical properties of the protoplanetary matter and small bodies of the Solar System from the viewpoint of protection from extraterrestrial threats and materials science; • An interdisciplinary approach of the project gives an advantage in comparison to the foreign research groups mainly focusing on highly specialized problems; • Forming the bolide network will allow identifying meteorite orbits (currently we’re aware of the orbits of only 20 meteorites) that will help to make connection between the location of the Solar system bodies and their physical and their strength properties; • The station for the ground support of the large-scale international space project Spectr-UV with the leading participation of the Russian Federation has no analogues in the world. 9
Partners Institutes of the Russian Academy of Sciences Universities participating in “5-100” project • Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod: I.I. Zinchenko, Doctor • Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences (D. Bisikalo, of Physical and Mathematical sciences, Professor; a number of joint Director, corresponding member of the Academy of Science, B. Shustov, publications in the first-quartile journals; corresponding member of the Academy of Science, A.Bagrov, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, A. Kartashova and others; a number of • Kazan Federal University, StrAU Astrovyzov (Astrochallenge) (Doctor of joint publications) – the leading institute of the space project “Spectr-UV” Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor D. Nurgaliev, D. Kuzina); (WSO-UV); • Far-Eastern Federal University (Doctor of Physical and Mathematical • Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Kurchatov Institute (S.Bulat, Doctor of Sciences, Lead Researcher E. Zubko). Science, a number of joint publications); • Astro-Space Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (academician Russia’s leading universities N.S. Kardashev and others; a number of joint publications) – the leading • Moscow State University (Sternberg State Astronomical Institute: Doctor of institute of the space projects “Spectr-R” (RadioAstron) and “Spectr-MM” Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor G.M. Rudnitsky, Candidate of (Millimetron); Physical and Mathematical Sciences O.A. Egorov, N. Bezaeva); • Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry (academician M.Marov, • Saint-Petersburg State University: K.V. Kholshevnikov, Head of Department M. Ivanova, D. Badyukov); of Celestial Mechanics, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, • Institute of Geology and Geochemistry of the Ural Division of the Russian Professor; a number of joint publications. Academy of Sciences (academician S. Votyakov, Y. Schapova, D. Zamyatin); • Institute of Geospheres Dynamics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (O. Popova, V. Shuvalov); • Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Technical Physics (V. Simonenko, E. Kozlov); • Institute of Electrophysics of the Ural Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (V. Ovchinnikov, S. Cholakh). 10
International collaboration • The University of Arizona (John Bieging, a number of joint publications in the fjrst-quartile journals); • University of Helsinki (Kohout T., a number of joint publications in the fjrst-quartile journals); • Complutense University of Madrid (Spain); • MPE, Muenchen (Director Paola Caselli, a number of joint publications in the fjrst-quartile journals); • MPIA, Heidelberg (Director Thomas Henning, a number of joint publications in the fjrst-quartile journals); • MPIfR, Bonn (Director Karl Menten, a number of joint publications in the fjrst-quartile journals); • Planetary Science Institute, Tucson (Natalia Artemieva h=22); • SETI Institute NASA (Jenniskens P. h=28 ). 11
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