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M.B.T. Simple Process Flow Chart
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1 M.B.T. Simple Process Flow Chart Mechanical sorting & - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
1 M.B.T. Simple Process Flow Chart Mechanical sorting & - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
1 M.B.T. Simple Process Flow Chart Mechanical sorting & pre-treatment Biological treatment 2 M.B.T. + Anaerobic Digestion + B Diagram Hasse Plant Principal Waste Management Options Waste Landfill Thermal Recycling Biological
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M.B.T. + Anaerobic Digestion + B Diagram – Hasse Plant
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Principal Waste Management Options
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Waste Landfill Thermal Recycling Biological Incineration Gasification Pyrolysis Anaerobic Digestion Composting
With Energy Recovery Without Energy Recovery
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Waste Technology Reviews & Case Studies carried
- ut by the Enertech Team since 2002
World Wide
- Anaerobic Digestion
98
- Autoclave Processes
10
- Biological Aerobic Processor
17
- Gasification Processes
64
- Pyrolysis Processes
18
- Plasma Gasification
14
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The Future Energy Centre
MSW LIQUID WASTE WASTE REDUCTION AND SEPARATION FARM WASTES FOOD PROCESS WASTES CHP GAS CLEAN- UP PLANT
Anaer obic Digest er (Far m Wast e)
Anaer obic Digest er M.S.W.
CO2 FOR INDUSTRIAL PROCESS EXISTING LANDFILL
ELECTRICITY TO GRID
CH
4
HEAT BY PRODUCTS DAY COVER
BY PRODUCTS TO FARMS
BIOGAS HEAT
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advanced digestion technology
Bioenergy from AD in the UK
Dorian Harrison, Technical Director (Monsal) Presented by, Gerald Tetchner of Enertech
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- Why AD gets such good press
- Government support for AD
- Market segments for AD
- Types of AD Plant
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- Perceived as natural
- Recycling of organic waste
- Recycling of Nitrogen and Phosporous
- ‘Carbon neutral’
- Flexible Technology (gas / elec / heat)
- Easy to understand
– ‘it’s a cow!’
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- 500 – 600 anaerobic digesters in UK now
- Most towns have an AD plant (sewage)
- Operational for >100years
SORP
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- Recycles organics away from landfill
- Smaller more local plants
- Renewable energy targets
– electricity – gas – heat
- Coalition agreement
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- PAS110 – product
- AD ‘Recycling’
- Fertiliser
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- Feed in Tariff
- Renewable Obligation Certificates
- Renewable Heat Incentive
- Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation
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- AD 2X ROC (~ £90/MWh)
- Sewage sludge only 0.5 x ROC
- Sell Price ~ £30/MWh
- 30,000tpa ~ £1.2M (revenue)
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- Plants <500kW = 11.5p/kWh
- Plants >500kW = 9p/kWh
- Fast track revenue
– <250kW = 14p/kWh – >250 – 500kW = 13p/kWh
- 30,000tpa ~ £1.2M
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- 6.5p/kW for Biomethane
- 6.5p/kW (upto 200kW)
- Open to all digestion including sewage
- 30,000tpa ~ £1.4M
Monsal EEH Avonmouth
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- Buffertank
sludge Waste and/or
Boiler or generator Water/sludge heat exchanger
Recirculation Digested sludge
Anaerobic digester
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- All AD process follow this route
- Multi stage process optimise
- Various stages can be optimised or
inhibited
Monsal EEH Bromborough
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- Agricultural (£1M - £3M / ~6 months)
- 6K – 20K tpa
- Simple
- No Permit (Usually)
- No Waste Licence
- Merchant (£6M - £10M, 18 - 24 months)
- 20K – 80K tpa
- Remove Contamination
- Compete for Waste (Lowest Gate Fee Wins)
- Requires IPPC Permit, ABPR, Planning
- Municipal (£30M+, PFI ~ 2 – 5 years)
- 70K – 300K tpa
- Recycling Facility
- Very Heavy Engineering
- MRF + AD Plant
- Permit + Animal Health + Planning + + +
Monsal - Waterbeach
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- !"#$$%&
- Wheat
– 14,379 – 108% of UK requirement
- Barley
– 6,769 – 112% of UK requirement
Total Cereal
– 21,197,000 (dry) tpa – 104% of UK requirement
Excess of 815,269 (dry) tpa
Monsal Bioenergy – Car Farm
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- ''
- Sewage
– 30,000,000 (wet) tpa – 1,600,000 (dry) tpa – 60% already treated by AD
- Challenges
– relatively low energy value – low dry solids concentration – 40% sewage sludge not digested
Monsal - Crewe
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- ()
- Food and Drink Industry
– 1,800,000 (dry) tpa
- Retail Outlets
– 400,000 (dry) tpa
- Other (Schools / Hospitals)
– 1,000,000 (dry) tpa
- Issues
– diverse wastes (solid / liquid) – dispersed production sites – De-packaged is essential
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- *)+
- Supermarkets / Retail
- Manufacturing
- Hospitality
- Service Industry
- Council collections
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- *)+ ,
Food Waste Digester Feed Waste pulping/screening De-packaging is essential to prepare the feedstock for effective digestion
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- !-
(AN Digestion) (Biogen Greenfinch) (Kompogas) (Monsal)
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- Source
Wet tpa Dry tpa Biogas yield Biogas
Mtpa Mtpa m3/dryT m3/year 106
MSW 30 2.2 700 1,522 C&I 12.8 3.2 700 2,240 Slurries 4.0 1.0 500 500 Crops NA 0.8 600 480 Sewage 30 1.6 350 560 Total 76.8 8.0 5,302
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- .
Source Biogas CH4 CH4 Energy
106 m3/year % 106 m3/year TW
MSW 1,522 62 944 9.4 C&I 2,240 62 1,389 13.9 Slurries 500 62 310 3.1 Crops 480 55 264 2.6 Sewage 560 65 364 3.6 Total 4,822 3,006 32.6
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Source Biogas CH4 CH4 Energy
106 m3/year % 106 m3/year TWh
MSW 1,522 62 944 9.4 C&I 2,240 62 1,389 13.9 Slurries 500 62 310 3.1 Crops 480 55 264 2.6 Sewage 560 65 364 3.6 Total 4,822 3,006 32.6
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Source CH4 Potential Reality?
106 m3/year TWh TWh
MSW 944 9.4 4.7 (50%) C&I 1,389 13.9 7.0 (50%) Slurries 310 3.1 0.3 (10%) Crops 264 2.6 2.1 (80%) Sewage 364 3.6 2.9 (80%) Total 3,006 32.6 17.0 (52%)
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- ‘Wet’
– Digester feed <15%DS – CSTR Reactors – Food Waste – Sewage Sludge – Agricultural Waste
Monsal Biowaste - Deerdykes
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- ‘Dry’
– Digester feed >15%DS – Plug Flow Reactors – Garden Waste – Green / Food (mixed)
Kompogas Dry Digester
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- Mesophilic
– Range 25C to 42C – Normal 35C to 40C – 99% of UK Digesters
- Thermophilic
– Range 52C to 65C – Normal 55C to 62C – More Common for Dry Digesters
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- AD has positive public perception
- AD is uncontroversial in Government
- Strong incentives to drive AD growth
- Relatively simple technology
- Large infrastructure investment required
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