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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 San Gorgonio Pass, CA 10 11 12 13 In - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 San Gorgonio Pass, CA 10 11 12 13 In Africa there is Some Wind Power South Africa Namibia Somalia/Somaliland And the Sahel Have the greatest promise 14 Kenya Wind Farm 300 MW

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San Gorgonio Pass, CA

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In Africa there is Some Wind Power South Africa Namibia Somalia/Somaliland And the Sahel Have the greatest promise

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https://www.cnbc.com/2017/09/08/a-wind- farm-of-epic-proportions-is-taking-shape-in- africa.html Kenya Wind Farm 300 MW

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Betz Limit: 59.3% efficiency Consider an ideal wind turbine that extracts 100% of the fluid energy, vout = 0. Power output is 0. vout vin For an ideal wind turbine that extracts 0% of the fluid energy, vout = vin. Power output is 0. Efficiency, Cp vout/vin Power is proportional to vin3

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Under optimum condition extract 2/3 of the speed

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A small wind turbine can expect Cp = 35% http://www.rebelwolf.com/essn/ESSN- Aug2005.pdf

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Two main types of wind turbine: Drag (like a water wheel) Lift (modern wind turbine) The axis of rotation for the wind turbine can be horizontal or vertical.

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Wheel can’t move faster than the wind ½ of the area is wasted

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Drag based horizontal wind turbine Slow speed is good for grinding grain (not good for electrical power generation) Mechanical furling

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Drag based horizontal wind turbine Slow speed is good for pumping water (not good for electrical power generation) Tail allows furling of the turbine

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Up wind or down wind designs

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Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HWAT)

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Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VWAT)

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More blades = more torque but lower RPM For power generation 2 or 3 blades are optimum For moving air or pumping water/grinding grain 5 blades or more.

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Massive power increase with wind speed Alternator can’t handle this dynamic range Design a turbine for optimum performance between 7 and 30 mph Design to survive higher winds while still producing peak power Options are: Variable Pitch Blade: Tilt the blade (previous picture) Tilt the entire turbine (old American west turbines)

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http://www.power-talk.net/blade-pitch.html

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http://www.power-talk.net/blade-pitch.html

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http://www.power-talk.net/blade-pitch.html

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Power Coefficient Electrical Power/Wind Power

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Construction of a Large Wind Turbine on Land This is generally done by power companies like Duke So Chemical Engineers often become involved in managing These large scale power production projects

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SBbBh5xZ 1gQ

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High Speed Construction of a Wind Turbine Site

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MHS10eGjNq8 1 S e c

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVj_Yyvg MbE Hand Layout of Turbine Blades

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iY0oBGo0

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Large Scale Layout

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

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Scotland

Offshore Wind Power

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Offshore Wind Power

Construction of the first floating wind farm

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Offshore Wind Power

Wind Turbine Engineer

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http://www.instructables.com/id/DIY-1000- watt-wind-turbine/

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Can/should you build a wind turbine?

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o9EEHFKE ckM

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https://www.wikihow.com/Build-a-Wind- Turbine

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http://mwands.com/store/wind-turbine- products/wind-turbine- generators?gclid=Cj0KCQiAi7XQBRDnARIsANeL IeuJ_ySg8h_VuxrAzPEIWaOvsSAJ4ktBl8IgBN_T RTITq8Oi3CnV6sYaAmWeEALw_wcB

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Intrepid Malawi youth William Kamkwamba