Zero Carbon emission power plants Bulk Carbon Utilisation through - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Zero Carbon emission power plants – Bulk Carbon Utilisation through Enhanced Oil Recovery

• Dr. M. Malik

Additional General Manager NTPC-NETRA

Steps in Oil extraction and recovery

• Primary Recovery -15%
• Secondary Recovery - 20 to 40%
• Tertiary Recovery (EOR) - 60%

What is Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)?

Enhanced Oil Recovery ( EOR) refers to reservoir processes that recover oil not produced by conventional processes. Salient features:

• Enhanced oil recovery processes targets the oil what is left.
• They focus on rock/ oil/ injectants system and on the interplay of capillary and viscous forces.
• ‘CO2-EOR’ is the process of injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into oil reservoirs to increase oil production.

Primary Recovery

• Primary recovery uses the natural energy of the reservoir to

produce oil or gas.

• If the underground pressure in the oil reservoir is sufficient,

then this pressure will force the oil to the surface.

• Usually, about 20% of the oil in a reservoir can be extracted

using primary recovery methods.

Secondary Recovery

• Over the lifetime of the well, the pressure will fall, and at some point there will be insufficient underground

pressure to force the oil to the surface.

• Secondary recovery re-pressurize the reservoir and to displace oil to producers.
• Secondary oil recovery uses various techniques to aid in recovering oil from depleted or low-pressure
• reservoirs. Sometimes pumps, such as beam pumps and electrical submersible pumps (ESPs), are used to

bring the oil to the surface

• These methods must, naturally, also be both economic and effective, or companies may not bother trying to

coax more oil from the reservoir.

• If economical, as often is, the remaining oil in the well is extracted using secondary oil recovery
• Together, primary and secondary recovery generally allow 20% to 40% of the reservoir's oil to be recovered.

Tertiary Recovery

• Tertiary oil recovery reduces the oil's viscosity to increase oil production.
• Thermally enhanced oil recovery methods (TEOR) are tertiary recovery techniques that heat the oil and make it easier

to extract.

• Steam injection is the most common form of TEOR, This form of recovery is used extensively to increase oil production

in the San Joaquin Valley, which has very heavy oil, yet accounts for 10% of the United States' oil production.

• When CO2 is used then it is called as CO2-EOR process.

CO2- EOR process

• The CO2 EOR process is primarily a function of how CO2

interacts with oil which is determined by the property of miscibility, when multiple liquids can mix together completely becoming one homogenous liquid.

• For example, water and vinegar are completely miscible. By

contrast, water and oil are immiscible ; they do not combine at any proportion. CO2 at a supercritical pressure and temperature is completely miscible with oil; it will combine completely.

• In CO2-EOR, CO2 combines with oil and helps move it

through the rock pore spaces, enabling greater recovery of

• il in place.

What is EOR?

• Interfacial tension reduced
• Oil sticks less to rock
• Swelling of Oil
• Oil & CO2 combine as a single phase providing

more efficient miscible displacement

• Improved viscosity
• Viscosity of the combined miscible phase is reduced,

allowing the fluid to be flushed to producers

• Water Alternating Gas Injection
• CO2 is introduced in alternating cycles with H2O
• Provides greater sweep efficiency in the flood
• Aids in controlling gas production

Four ways CO2 helps to recover oil

EOR : incremental oil

v

Zero Ca Carbon e emis issio ion power r pla lants – Bulk lk Carbon Utilis ilisatio ion through Enhanced Oil il Recovery ry

EOR Drivers

Technology:

• CO2 capture from power plant
• Utilisation of captured CO2 for enhanced oil

recovery

Carbon Capture and Utilization for Enhanced Oil Recovery

Benefits:

• Large quantum of CO2 capture and utilisation
• Creates an economic value for CO2 to offset its capture cost.
• New business avenues of revenues to power plants
• Addresses Nation’s paramount environmental challenge.

Carbon foot print reduction through utilization pathway for fossil fired power plant

CO CO2-EOR pr proje

• jects ar

arou

• und the

the worl

• rld

Sask Power's Boundary Dam project It is retrofitted its coal-fired power station in 2014 with Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) technology. The plant captures 1 million tonnes of CO2 annually, which it sold to Cenovus Energy for enhanced oil recovery at its Weyburn Oil Field Petra Nova, United States The Petra Nova project uses post-combustion amine absorption to capture some

• f the carbon dioxide emissions from one of the boilers at the W.A Parish power

plant in Texas, and transports it by pipeline to the West Ranch oil field for use in enhanced oil recovery. Weyburn-Midale, Canada In 2000, Saskatchewan's Weyburn-Midale oil field began to employ EOR as a method of oil extraction. In 2008, the oilfield became the worlds largest storage site

• f Carbon Dioxide.It is estimated that the EOR project will store around 20 million

tons of Carbon Dioxide, generate about 130 million barrels of oil, and extend the life of the field by over two decades.

NTPC ‘CO2-EOR’ project

In the ‘CO2-EOR’ project, CO2 from NTPC project will be captured and injected into the 50 Kms distanced oil reservoirs for effecting Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) in India. Benefits:

• The pressing demand of CO2 reduction, a greenhouse gas, in combating climate change, ‘CO2-EOR’ exhibits

a techno-economical route for power plants in capturing and utilizing huge volume of flue gas CO2..

• ‘CO2-EOR’exploration is first of its kind in India
• Utilization of waste flue gas CO2 in Enhanced Oil Recovery.
• Create an economic value for CO2, which would offset a part of CO2 capture cost.
• Open up new business avenues of revenues to NTPC
• Supports NTPC’s corporate social responsibility in addressing Nation’s paramount environmental challenge.

Summary of the presentation

• Enhanced oil recovery ( EOR) refers to recover more oil from oil wells not through

conventional processes

• The CO2 EOR process is primarily a function of how CO2 interacts with oil and it is

determined by the property of miscibility

• In CO2-EOR, CO2 combines with oil and helps move it through the rock pore spaces,

enabling greater recovery of oil in place

• The complete processes of primary, secondary and tertiary recovery procedures are

discussed

• The EOR drivers are Environmental impact, Capex and Opex
• In NTPC- ‘CO2-EOR’ project, CO2 from NTPC project will be captured and injected into

the 50 Kms distanced oil reservoirs for effecting Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) in India

• Large quantum of CO2 capture and utilisation
• Creates an economic value for CO2 to offset its capture cost.
• New business avenues of revenues to power plants