Youth employment, SDGs and the way forward Bangkok, 16 June 2016 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Youth employment, SDGs and the way forward Bangkok, 16 June 2016 - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Youth employment, SDGs and the way forward Bangkok, 16 June 2016 Matthieu Cognac Youth Employment Specialist Decent Work Technical Support Team for East and South-East Asia and the Pacific ILO-Bangkok The youth unemployment crisis Source:

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Youth employment, SDGs and the way forward

Bangkok, 16 June 2016 Matthieu Cognac

Youth Employment Specialist Decent Work Technical Support Team for East and South-East Asia and the Pacific ILO-Bangkok

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Source: Weso Trends 2016

The youth unemployment crisis

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PEOPLE

We are determined to end poverty and hunger, in all their forms and dimensions, and to ensure that all human beings can fulfil their potential in dignity and equality and in a healthy environment.

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Youth unemployment and poverty 73 M

unemployed

169 M

working poor

33 M

unemployed

103 M

working poor

Globally Asia Pacific

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Countries face the challenge of creating more jobs…

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 35.00 Youth Adult

Unemployment rates, youth and adult, 2015 (%)

Source: ILO, Trends Econometric Models, 2015.

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... In Asia the challenge is in improving the quality

  • f jobs, including “vulnerable employment” …

Source: ILO, WESO Trends 2016

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To benefit from the “demographic dividend” in developing economies implies enabling young people to escape from working poverty.

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Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

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PLANET

We are determined to protect the planet from degradation, including through sustainable consumption and production, sustainably managing its natural resources and taking urgent action on climate change, so that it can support the needs of the present and future generations.

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Urbanization

Source: Switched On Report

Urban youth in Asia in millions

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PROSPERITY

We a are determine ined to ensure e that all ll human an be bein ings s can enjo joy y prosp sperous

  • us and fulf

lfilling illing li lives and that economic mic, , social ial and technolog logica ical l progre gress ss occurs rs in in harmon

  • ny

y wit ith natur ure. e.

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Economic growth and job creation

Source: ILO, OECD, World Bank, G20 labour markets: outlook, key challenges and policy responses, September 2014

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There is a growing recognition that economic growth is critical but insufficient…

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Is education the (only) answer?

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Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all

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Policy options will vary by country

Source: Eurostat

10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Lower secondary or less Upper secondary Tertiary Germany Spain

Youth unemployment rates by educational attainment, 2013 (%)

  • In some (developed) countries , youth unemployment rates are highest for those with

lower educational attainments

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In many countries, economic “structural” change has not kept pace with educational achievements

Source: ILO, based on national labour force surveys

  • 5.0

10.0 15.0 20.0 25.0

4.5 2.1 2.2 1.2 2.8 1.0 15.8 1.8 16.9 1.4 18.4 1.5 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 15-24 25+ 15-24 25+ 15-24 25+ 2010 2011 2012 (%) Never attended Incomplete primary Completed primary Completed lower secondary Completed upper secondary Vocational training College (technical) University and above

Youth unemployment rate in Indonesia, 2013 (%) Youth and adult unemployment rates in Viet Nam (%)

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Qualifications mismatch of employed youth (%)

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Samoa Philippines Pakistan Indonesia India Fiji Cambodia Underqualified Adequately qualified Overqualified

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The school-to-work transition is not long to a first job for most youth, but it takes an average of 19 months to complete the transition to a stable or satisfactory job

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Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all

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The Call for Action

2012 International Labour Conference Work-plan on youth employment: Call for Action

Areas of work: 1. Macroeconomic policies 2. Education and training 3. Labour market policies 4. Entrepreneurship 5. Rights for young people Channels of delivery: 1. Knowledge development and dissemination 2. Technical assistance 3. Partnerships and advocacy

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Regional comparisons (1)

  • 5 Regions, 42 countries, 267 document
  • Most commonly addressed policy : Education and training
  • Second most commonly addressed policy differs by region:

42.5 62.5 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Africa Americas

Enterprise Development (% of documents)

% 55.8 55.9 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Asia-Pacific Europe/Central Asia

Labour Market Policy (% of documents)

%

Source: YouthPOL 2014

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Regional comparisons (2)

  • Top employment challenge: Quality and relevance of technical,

vocational education

  • Second most commonly addressed employment challenge differs

by region:

32.9 27.1 54.2 33.7 10 20 30 40 50 60 Africa Europe and Central Asia Americas Asia and the Pacific General education Social Inclusion Conditions of work

Second most cited employment challenge related to youth (% of documents)

%

Source: YouthPOL 2014

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 11 countries: Cambodia, China, Japan, Korea (Republic of), Malaysia,

Mongolia, Nepal, Philippines, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Vanuatu.

Asia-Pacific regional analysis (1)

16.7 83.3 41.7 58.3 25.0 30.0 88.0 56.0 38.0 28.0 34.5 82.8 58.6 20.7 24.1 0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 Macroeconomic and sectoral policy Education and training Labour market policies Enterprise development Rights at work Low-income Middle-income High-income

Source: YouthPOL 2014

Portion of documents addressing different policy areas by level of income (%)

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 Education and Training highlights

  • Technical vocational education and

training (TVET): aligning curricula with industry

  • Apprenticeships and work experience
  • Career education
  • Scholarships
  • Recognition of prior learning

Asia-Pacific regional analysis (2)

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PEACE

We are determined to foster peaceful, just and inclusive societies which are free from fear and violence. There can be no sustainable development without peace and no peace without sustainable development.

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Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to justice for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels

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PARTNERSHIP

We are determined to mobilize the means required to implement this Agenda through a revitalised Global Partnership for Sustainable Development, based on a spirit of strengthened global solidarity, focussed in particular on the needs of the poorest and most vulnerable and with the participation of all countries, all stakeholders and all people.

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To summarize…

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Global trends for youth employment

  • The youth employment crisis is easing…
  • …BUT recovery is not universal

Take away 1:

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Global trends for youth employment

  • The nature of work is changing

Take away 2:

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Global trends for youth employment

  • Workers react and adapt

Take away 3:

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And to conclude…

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 Capitalizing on the demographic dividend  Including young people  Measuring education; Promoting work experience  Building on the agenda 2030

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Thank you

cognac@ilo.org