The Voice as an Instrument Brooke Hain The Importance of Posture Luis Lopez Breathing: A singer’s posture is Hitting Notes: Improper posture Nicole Titus important because it affects breathing. impairs the ability to hit notes because A good posture enables the of the constraint of the diaphragm and Pedro Aguero performer to gather more air. When lungs. The body is too uncomfortable slouched, the stomach is tightened to hit as many notes as possible. and the lungs are cramped, so exhaling and inhaling is more diffjcult. Power: A stronger, steadier posture Bad posture constricts the diaphragm, provides for a stronger sound. Poor and this restricts proper airfmow. posture can muffme resonance and shorten breath; therefore, it is more diffjcult for the performer to hold notes X and increase their volume. Injuries: Bad posture causes stress and strain on the whole body. Muscles and joints from your head to your feet are all working together, and when not Prelude: Your voice is an instrument that you carry aligned properly, issues have been with you. As with any other instrument, you have known to arise. Good posture to practice, learn technique, and take care of your strengthens these muscles and joints voice. There are many important parts of the body to help prevent injuries. that effect the voice. Posture and health are also vital for any musician.
Vocal Cord Disorders Laryngitis: This disorder is characterized by a raspy or hoarse voice due to infmammation of the vocal Maintaining A Healthy Voice cords. It is caused by excessive use of the voice. Relaxation: Keep your throat and Hydration: Vocal cords vibrate fast so Vocal Nodules: Nodules are benign growths on the neck relaxed when singing so as not keeping them lubricated is very vocal cords that are caused by abuse. to stress or strain yourself. important. Breath Flow: It is important to Vocal Polyps: These are similar to blisters, and they Vocal Naps: Rest your body and your maintain a good breathing rhythm. vocal cords; they need it from working cause a voice to be hoarse and low. all day. Vocal Cord Clearing your throat: Avoid clearing Paralysis: This is your throat too often; doing so can Smoking: Not only does smoking injure your vocal cords because it is irritate your vocal cords, but it also when one or both Normal like slamming them together. Instead, runs the risk of causing throat cancer. vocal cords do not Vocal try swallowing or drinking some water open or close as Cords when clearing your throat. Abuse: Yelling, screaming, or loud they should. This talking can be very harmful for your can be life Listen: Listen to how you are feeling; voice. When you notice your voice threatening as it spare your voice when sick. getting hoarse it’s usually a sign that makes swallowing your cords are irritated, and it’s time to Infmamed very diffjcult. Amplify: Amplifying your volume is rest. Vocal Cords important when directing large groups of people or speaking in an open Aging: As we age our vocal folds tend space. to thin, causing the folds to vibrate less, thus making speech sound shaky Humidity: Humidify your home and or quiet. singing environment because moisture is good for your voice. Instrument Maintenance
Speech O Phonemes Phonation: Vocal cords only produce sound; our mouths use the sound to create what we want to say or hear. Resonance is an important factor in voice production because it furnishes volume and quality; loudness is reliant on resonance rather than force. A Tongue Placements E Vowel Shapes
References http://www.slideserve.com/karl/anatomy-of-the-vocal- mechanism Physics A Brief History http://www.voicesource.co.uk/article/151 http://www.ncvs.org/ncvs/tutorials/voiceprod/tutorial/lung. Boyle’s Law: Pressure and volume Music in America is inspired by a html are inversely related. Increasing collection of sounds of the cultures that http://singingvoicetraining.com/science/ volume causes a proportional have immigrated to our country. The http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_Gifus decrease in pressure. This explains fjrst music in our country was the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Music_history_of_the_ why our lung pressure decreases religious folk music of the Native United_States when we increase the volume of our Americans. When English, French http://www.drugs.com/health-guide/vocal-cord- disorders.html lungs by expanding the rib cage and and Spanish settlers immigrated, they http://eliteathleticperformance.com/wp-content/ contracting the diaphragm to inhale. brought with them choral singing and uploads/2013/02/bad-ideal-posture.jpg When we exhale, the rib cage musical notation. African slaves http://www.ehow.com/info_8262050_bad- contracts and the diaphragm relaxes, inspired new styles of music, such as efgectspoor-singing-posture.html thus decreasing the lung volume and gospel and jazz. The most popular http://www.livescience.com/4078-10-tips-healthy-voice. html causing pressure to rise. This pressure genres of American music are jazz, http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/ then causes air to rush out of lungs. country, and rock and roll. conditions/otolaryngology/vocal_cord_ disorders_85,P00475/ Bernoulli Effect: Vocal folds don’t ‘Simple Gifts’ was composed by http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/ vibrate through muscular Joseph Brackett in 1848. This consumer_assets/site_images/media/medical/hw/ contractions; they vibrate when Shaker song was written as a dance h9991587_001.jpg pressure builds up in the lungs. When song. It has been used in a wide http://www.uofmhealth.org/sites/default/fjles/healthwise/ pressure is high enough, the soft variety of ways throughout American media/medical/hw/h9991587_002.jpg tissues separate, and air stream fmows history. Various artists have shown through the vocal folds. As air velocity interest in the song, such as Aaron increases, air pressure decreases. A Copeland, Weezer, R.E.M, and Alison drop in pressure sucks the vocal cords Krauss. The melody can be heard in back together. Subglottic popular culture ranging from ‘The Little pressure continues the process; these House on the Prairie’ to ‘WWE Raw.’ motions are what create the Background air compressions and rarefactions that cause sound.
Anatomy Nasal Concha Larynx Trachea Lungs Diaphragm Exhale Exhale Inhale Exhale Inhale Diaphragm Movement
Physiology Nasal Cavity Top Section of Vocal Folds Tongue Oral Cavity Glottis Cartilage Epiglottis Vestible Fold Esophagus Epiglottis Larynx (voice box) Trachea Vocal Folds Side Section of Larynx Epiglottis High Range Corniculated Thyroid Cartilage Cartilage Arytenoid Vestbular Cartilage Mid Range Ligament Vocal Ligament Cricoid Thachea Cartilage Low Range 3-D View of Larynx Cartilage, Ligaments, and Muscle
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