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Workshop S Into the Storm Ohio Storm Water Compliance in Light of - - PDF document

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Workshop S Into the Storm Ohio Storm Water Compliance in Light of the 2020 Renewal of the U.S. EPAs Storm Water NPDES Multi-Sector General Permit (MSGP) Tuesday, March 24, 2020 3:30 p.m. to 4:45 p.m. Biographical Information Timothy W.

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Workshop S

Into the Storm … Ohio Storm Water Compliance in Light of the 2020 Renewal of the U.S. EPA’s Storm Water NPDES Multi-Sector General Permit (MSGP)

Tuesday, March 24, 2020 3:30 p.m. to 4:45 p.m.

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Biographical Information

Timothy W. Ling, P.E., Corporate Environmental Director, Plaskolite, LLC. P.O. Box 1497, Columbus, OH 43216-1497 (614) 294-3281 tim.ling@plaskolite.com

  • Mr. Ling is the Corporate Environmental Director for Plaskolite LLC., a Columbus-based manufacturer of

continuously processed plastic sheet. Mr. Ling is responsible for Plaskolite’s environmental compliance at its 10 manufacturing facilities in North America. He has over 29 years of experience in environmental engineering, both as a consultant to businesses, and now as in-house environmental manager. He has spoken and written on a wide range of environmental topics.

  • Mr. Ling graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering from the Florida Institute of

Technology (1989), and Master of Science degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Notre Dame (1991). He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the states of Ohio and Florida, and a Qualified Industrial Storm Water Practitioner (QISP) in the state of California.

  • R. Curt Spence, P.E., President, Spence Environmental Consulting, Inc.

70 W. Columbus St., Pickerington, OH 43147 614-837-4750 curt@spenceenv.com

  • Mr. Spence is the President of Spence Environmental Consulting, Inc. located in Pickerington, Ohio.

Spence Environmental Consulting, Inc. was founded in 1995 and provides a wide range of environmental consulting services including compliance, due diligence, BUSTR corrective action, RCRA closure, remedial design and geotechnical engineering services. Mr. Spence has participated as member of the industry coalition that has negotiated the terms and conditions of the current and prior industrial NPDES storm water general permits with the Ohio EPA. He has recently published articles in Ohio trade association newsletters, performed seminars and provided training on industrial storm water compliance in Ohio. Mr. Spence has also authored numerous storm water pollution prevention plans for industrial sites in Ohio.

  • Mr. Spence holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Cincinnati

(1987) and a Master of Science degree in Civil and Environmental Engineering from the University of Cincinnati (1989). He is a registered professional engineer in Ohio.

Todd A. Trowbridge, CSP, EHS Manager, Arboris, LLC Newark, OH 740-522-9354 Todd.trowbridge@arboris-us.com

  • Mr. Trowbridge is the Environmental, Health, and Safety Manager for the Arboris LLC plant in Newark,
  • Ohio. Arboris, LLC is the leading plant sterols producer in the world of naturally-occurring cholesterol-

reducing compounds from natural and renewable sources. Mr. Trowbridge is responsible for environmental compliance, occupational safety, and OSHA Process Safety Management leadership at the Newark plant. He has over 25 years’ experience as a facility and corporate EHS Manager and Director.

  • Mr. Trowbridge graduated in 1986 from St Louis University with a Bachelor in Aerospace Engineering

and Master of Science in Civil and Environmental Engineering from Ohio State University in 1993. He is a Certified Safety Professional (CSP).

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1

Timothy W. Ling, P.E. Corporate Environmental Director Plaskolite, LLC.

  • R. Curt Spence, P.E.

President Spence Environmental Consulting, Inc. Todd A. Trowbridge, CSP EHS Manager Arboris, LLC.

Into the Storm

Ohio Storm Water Compliance In Light Of The 2020 Renewal of USEPA’s Storm Water NPDES Multi-Sector General Permit

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Topics

Recap Ohio storm water program 2019 NAS storm water study 2020 USEPA MSGP renewal Survival tips & future trends

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Ohio Storm Water Permits

Industrial: 6/1/17 - 5/31/22 Construction: 4/23/18 – 4/22/23 Oil & Gas lines: 9/17/18 – 9/16/23

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Ohio Industrial SWGP

Benchmark sampling by 6/1/2020 Workable benchmark provisions

  • Neighbor run-on
  • Alternate benchmarks
  • “Non-industrial” sources

Overall, good SWGP – BUT…

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Ohio Industrial SWGP

Expires May 31, 2022 Renewal activities starting 2021? Influenced by USEPA MSGP renewal due June 4, 2020

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BM = 3.8–51.7 ug/L 1294 Samples (ND to 20,000 ug/L) 514 > Max. BM (39.7%) 948 > Min. BM (73.3%) Median = 46.7 ug/L

DL Range

Copper

Frequency) Concentration (ug/L)

Data from Wood Preserving, Foundries, Metal Recycling

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BM = 40–390 ug/L 4882 Samples (ND to 330,000 ug/L) 844 > Max. BM (17.3%) 3098 > Min. BM (63.4%) Median = 92.0 ug/L

DL Range

Zinc

Frequency) Concentration (ug/L)

Data from Sawmills, Chemical Manufacturing, Plastics, Steel Mills, Foundries, Water Transportation Facilities, Rubber Products, Metal Products

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BM = 0.68 mg/L 2503 Samples (ND to 2768 mg/L) 976 > BM (39.0%) Median = 0.60 mg/L

Nitrate Plus Nitrite

Frequency) Concentration (mg/L)

Data from Chemicals Manufacturing, Fats and Oil Products, Metal Fabricating

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BM = 100 mg/L 6975 Samples (ND to 28,300 mg/L) 935 > BM (13.4%) Median = 11.0 mg/L

Total Suspended Solids

Frequency) Concentration (mg/L)

Data from Sawmills, Asphalt and Concrete Products, Cement Manufacturing, Foundries, Mining, Landfills, Auto Salvage, Recycling, Coal Piles, Grain Mills, Fats and Oil Products

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BM = 120 mg/L 1596 Samples (ND to 4,000 mg/L) 286 > BM (17.9%) Median = 48.0 mg/L

Chemical Oxygen Demand

Frequency) Concentration (mg/L)

Data from Coal Piles, Airports, Fats and Oil Products, Sawmills, Paperboard Mills, Hazardous Waste TSDFs, Recycling Facilities

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BM = 6.5-9 402 Samples (4.0 to 12.0) 7 < 6.5 (1.7%) 12 > 9.0 (3.0%) Median = 7.6

pH

Frequency) pH

Data from Coal Piles, Airports, Timber Products, Composting, Asphalt Emulsion Manufacturing, Cement Manufacturing, Mining

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Waterkeeper Alliance v. United States EPA (2016)

“We are deeply disappointed with EPA’s failure to set numeric limits in this permit after spending so much time and effort to bring ‘Big Data’ to the world of water pollution…Today, EPA can draw on hundreds of thousands of data points collected by polluters across the country, in every line of business, to set clear, achievable pollution limits for industrial

  • stormwater. But EPA didn’t even consider

trying to set clear, numeric limits.”

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NAS Storm Water Study

USEPA-funded to inform the next MSGP renewal in 2020 “Improving the EPA Multi-Sector General Permit for Industrial Stormwater Discharges” (http://nap.edu/25355)

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NAS Study Committee

Allen Davis, Chair, Univ. of Maryland Roger Bannerman, Wisconsin DNR (Ret.) Shirley Clark, Penn State - Harrisburg L. Donald Duke, Florida Gulf Coast Univ. Janet Kieler, Denver International Airport John Stark, Washington State Univ. Michael Stenstrom, UCLA Xavier Swamikannu, UCLA & CA Water Board, LA Region (Ret.)

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NAS Study Conclusions

1) Industry-wide monitoring for pH, TSS, COD/TOC 2) Periodic review & update sector- specific requirements 3) Extend monitoring to non-industrial facilities with similar activities

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NAS Study Conclusions

4) Basis for benchmarks tied to short- term or intermittent exposures

  • Re-look Fe, As, Se benchmarks
  • Suspend Fe & Mg benchmarks

5) Collect additional “storm water control measure (SCM)” data

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NAS Study Conclusions

6) No Numeric Effuent Limit (NEL) recommended for any sector

  • Due to existing data, data gaps &

likelihood of gap filling 7) Strengthen monitoring & analysis protocols

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NAS Study Conclusions

8) Allow/promote composite sampling 9) Quarterly sampling inadequate 10)Adoption of national laboratory accreditation programs

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NAS Study Conclusions

11)Expand tiered monitoring approach based on facility risk, complexity & past performance

  • Inspection only
  • Industry-wide monitoring
  • Benchmark monitoring
  • Enhanced monitoring (AIM)
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NAS Study Conclusions

12)Enhance electronic data reporting, analysis and visualization tools 13)Rigorous groundwater protection 14)National retention standards infeasible because very site specific

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NAS Study Conclusions

15)Incentives to encourage industrial stormwater infiltration (capture/use) 16)Groundwater protection guidance for stormwater retention/infiltration

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Additional Implementation Measures (AIM)

Part of 2016 USEPA settlement USEPA must propose AIM 3 tiers, based on exceedances

  • Tiers 1 & 2 - Review/implement

SCM, can be non-structural

  • Tier 3 - Structural SCM
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2020 USEPA MSGP Renewal

MSGP expires June 4, 2020 Draft MSGP out February 12, 2020 Will affect Ohio EPA’s SWGP

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Draft USEPA MSGP Highlights

NO non-industrial facilities NO new NELs (Numeric Eff. Limits) NO Retention Standards

  • Storm water flows as “pollutant”
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Draft USEPA MSGP Highlights

NO “Coal-Tar Sealcoat”

  • Asphalt emulsion sealant or

acrylic sealant substitutes Public sign of permit coverage New Appendix Q of SCMs

  • 672 of 1048-page MSGP!
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Draft USEPA MSGP Highlights

Benchmarks:

  • ALL: pH (6.0-9.0), TSS (100 mg/L),

COD (120 mg/L)

  • Remove Mg and Fe benchmarks
  • Reduce Se, As, Cd benchmarks
  • Site-specific Cu benchmark
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Draft USEPA MSGP Highlights

3 sectors with new benchmarks

  • I (Oil/Gas): NH3, Pb, Ni, Zn,

NO2+NO3

  • P (Transport/Warehouse): Pb, Hg
  • R (Ship/Boat Building): Cr(III),

Cr(VI), Cu, Pb, Ni, Zn

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Draft USEPA MSGP Highlights

3 AIM tiers, per 2016 settlement AIM Exceptions

  • Tiers 1/2/3: Background or run-on
  • Tier 2: “Aberrant event”
  • Tier 3: “…discharges not resulting

in any exceedance of water quality standards…”

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2020 USEPA MSGP Renewal

 “Don’t Know What You Don’t Know?”  Spend some money to find out? TSS: Can your SCM pass the “Red Face Test”?... Do you have data?

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2022 Ohio EPA SWGP Renewal

Will 2022 Ohio EPA SWGP mirror 2020 USEPA MSGP?

  • Current Ohio EPA SWGP similar

to current USEPA MSGP

  • However, Ohio EPA addressed

specific concerns during SWGP renewals

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2022 Ohio EPA SWGP Renewal

Main concerns for OHR000007 in 2022?

  • Additional benchmarks?
  • Lower benchmark limits?
  • More benchmark monitoring?
  • Additional requirements for

BMPs or SCMs?

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Start Planning For 2022

What does your existing benchmark data indicate? Sample for new benchmarks prior to the new permit? What additional BMPs/SCMs will be required?

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Start Planning For 2022

What is this going to cost? What is the time frame for completing new or modified BMPs/SCMs?

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Survival Tip: No Exposure Certification (NEC)

NEC = No storm water NPDES permit “All industrial materials & activities are protected by a storm resistant shelter to prevent exposure to rain … and/or runoff” Renew NEC every 5 years

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Survival Tip: NEC

Continuous compliance NEC is within the CWA, if mishandle No Exposure You WILL BE inspected MS4 discharges - provide NEC

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If You Operate Under NEC…

You may never see EPA Surface Water people Your status is not likely to change

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If You Operate Under NEC…

Make sure your documentation is in

  • rder
  • Annual inspection?
  • Incident reports/Corrective

actions?

  • Storage areas
  • Secondary containment
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Survival Tip: Benchmarks

Identify all outfalls in your SWPPP, including “substantially identical

  • utfalls” (for reduced sampling)

Should be done with benchmark sampling (by June 1, 2020)

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Survival Tip: Benchmarks

It’s ALL about the benchmarks Exceedance not permit violation…BUT… not correcting IS permit violation Review benchmark data & control measures - changes needed?

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Survival Tip: Benchmarks

When should I collect benchmark samples?

  • First 30 minutes of discharge

from a storm event with 72 hours prior dry weather.

  • Low intensity rain event that

produces a discharge?

  • Snow melt runoff sampling?
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Survival Tip: Inspections

Inspections from complaints Ohio EPA inspection issues:

  • Outfall locations
  • Benchmark data
  • Non-storm water discharges
  • BMPs
  • Contents of SWPPP
  • Employee training records
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Survival Tips: Corrective Action

Triggers for Corrective Actions:

  • Spills
  • Exceed NEL
  • NOV
  • Issues from inspections
  • Facility changes
  • Benchmark average exceeds

benchmark limit

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Survival Tips: Corrective Action

Document need for corrective action in SWPPP within 24 hours

  • f discovery

Corrective action within 30 days & document corrective action in SWPPP

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I Did All That Stuff BUT …

“I still don’t meet the benchmarks!” Additional BMPs (e.g., treatment) Start JUSTIFYING…

  • Neighbor run-on
  • Non-natural background
  • Non-industrial
  • Is this economically feasible?
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The Future? California

July 1, 2015–June 30, 2020 2 samples every 6 months Benchmarks = NAL

  • Instant Max. NAL = O&G,TSS,pH
  • By SIC - Annual NALs
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California General Permit

50% “flunked” => Level 1 Exceedance Response Action plan Standards for treatment BMPs Qualified Industrial Storm Water Practitioner (QISP)

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California General Permit

25-50% failure => Level 2 “Perpetual exceedance”

  • Must pass 4 back-to-back storms
  • “1-strike” back to Level 2
  • Natural background demo
  • Non-industrial source demo
  • Citizen suit target
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California Storm Water TMDLs

303(d) designation, effective 7/1/2020 TMDLs @ Long Beach Harbor

  • Same NALs until 5/5/2032, then…
  • Instant. max. NAL (not NEL)
  • Copper = 5.8 ug/l (from 33.2 ug/l)
  • Zinc = 95 ug/l (from 260 ug/l)
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California Storm Water TMDLs

Nitrate/Nitrite/Nitrogen TMDL

  • Instant. max. NEL
  • “None” into rivers
  • 1.0 - 8.0 mg/L into lakes
  • Benchmark = NAL = 0.68 mg/L
  • Effective 7/1/2020
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California Storm Water TMDLs

Phosphorus TMDL

  • Instantaneous max. NEL
  • “None” into rivers
  • 0.1 – 0.64 mg/L into lakes
  • Benchmark = NAL = 2.0 mg/L
  • Effective 7/1/2020
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The Future…

BMPs Sample/Corrective Action More sampling

  • ALL permittees
  • New and/or lower benchmarks
  • Benchmarks NELs
  • Storm water TMDLs are coming

Non-compliance in perpetuity

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Tip Of The Day …

OHIO’S STORM WATER GENERAL PERMIT IS …

A MENU OF COMPLIANCE ENFORCEMENT

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672-PAGE “MENU” WITH A BITE…

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Final Thoughts

Be active in USEPA MSGP renewal Want as little change in 2022 Ohio EPA SWGP renewal

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Final Thoughts

If you don’t have a benchmark now…

  • And you are not testing at all…
  • New benchmarks for Sec. I, R, P

If you have a benchmark…

  • Know where your facility “stands”
  • Study your data for opportunities
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Final Thoughts

As your State gets closer to their renewal, keep an eye on:

  • pH, TSS, COD
  • New benchmarks
  • “Inspection Only” Option (?)
  • Tiered implementation measures

for benchmark exceedances

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It’s Coming In 2022

Test your storm water outfalls for any new benchmarks prior to 2022 Compare your existing benchmark data to the new benchmark limits Evaluate site improvements to meet new benchmarks

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It’s Coming In 2022

Budget for site improvements

  • Better housekeeping
  • Improved erosion control
  • Improved waste management
  • Larger sediment basins

Update your SWPPP

  • New requirements, improved

BMPs, administrative updates

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Burning Questions

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ProposedBenchmarkMonitoringImplementationTiersforNextMSGP

1

Implementation ActionTiers ActionTrigger ActionRequired Exception(s) 2015MSGP

  • Averageof4quarterlysampling

results>benchmark

  • Sumoflessthan4quarterly

sampleresults>4xbenchmark

  • ReviewSWPPPtodetermineifmodifications

arenecessary

  • Immediatelytakereasonablestepsnecessary

tominimizeorpreventthedischargeof pollutantsuntilapermanentsolutionis installedandmadeoperational

  • Completeadditionalactionswithin14days,or

45daysif14daywindowisinfeasible.

  • Ifrunontofacilitycausesexceedance,

review/reviseSWPPPandnotifyoperatorsof contributingrunontoabatetheirpollutant contribution

  • Exceedanceissolelyattributabletonatural

backgroundsources

  • Nofurtherpollutantreductionsare

technologicallyavailableandeconomically practicableandachievableinlightofbest industrypractice Tier1

  • Annualaverage>benchmark
  • Singlesampleresult>4x

benchmark

  • Immediatelyreviewselection,design,

installation,andimplementationofcontrol measurestodeterminewhethermodifications arerequired

  • Implementmodificationswithin14days,orno

laterthan45daysif14daywindowinfeasible

  • Exceedanceissolelyattributabletonatural

backgroundsources

  • EPAagreementthatexceedancesissolely

attributablerunonsources Tier2

  • 2consecutiveannualaverages

each>benchmark

  • 2sampleresultsw/ina2year

periodeach>4xbenchmark

  • Singlesampleresult>8x

benchmark

  • Implementallfeasiblecontrolmeasuresfor

applicablesector

  • Implementcontrolswithin14days,ornolater

than45daysif14daywindowinfeasible

  • Exceedanceissolelyattributabletonatural

backgroundsources

  • EPAagreementthatexceedancesissolely

attributablerunonsources

  • Ifsinglesampleresult(8xbenchmark)

constitutedanaberration:

  • documentinfacilitySWPPPmeasuresto

preventreoccurrence

  • conductfollowupsamplinginnext

qualifyingraineventtoconfirm

  • Note:aberrationexceptiononly

availableontimeperparameterper

  • utfall
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ProposedBenchmarkMonitoringImplementationTiersforNextMSGP

2

Implementation ActionTiers ActionTrigger ActionRequired Exception(s) Tier3

  • 3consecutiveannualaverages

each>benchmark

  • 3samplingresultsw/ina3year

periodeach>4xbenchmark

  • 2samplingresultsw/ina3year

periodeach>8xbenchmark

  • 4consecutivesamples>

benchmarkandtheaverage>2 xbenchmark

  • Installstructuralsourcecontrols(e.g.,berms,

secondarycontainment,etc.)and/or treatmentcontrols(e.g.,oilwaterseparators, infiltrationstructures,etc.),withassistance fromaprofessionalengineerorgeologist

  • Installcontrolswithin30days,ornolaterthan

90daysif30daywindowisinfeasible

  • Controlsmustbeinstalledatallsubstantially

identicaloutfalls

  • Exceedanceissolelyattributabletonatural

backgroundsources

  • EPAagreementthatexceedancesissolely

attributablerunonsources

  • FacilitydemonstratestoEPAwithin30days

thatthedischargedoesnotresultinthe exceedanceofwaterqualitystandards,and EPAapproves

  • Facilitydemonstrationswouldbemade

publiclyavailable. N/A

  • Sampleresultsforaparameter

continuetoexceedbenchmark afterstructuralsourceor treatmentcontrolsareinstalled

  • EPAmayrequirefacilitytoapplyforan

individualNPDESpermit N/A

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