Workshop Lets think about it: Challenges involved with integrating - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

Let’s think about it: Challenges involved with integrating elderly persons into qualitative research

• Prof. Dr. Sabine Hahn,

▶ Health | Applied Research and Development, Nursing, Head Prof. Dr. Sabine Hahn

Workshop

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Introduction ▶ Group work ▶ Discussion of results from group work ▶ Summarise aspects of quality assurance

within qualitative research methodology

Workshop

Introduction

Group Work Discussion Summary Quality

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ For the participants:

• Describe what it means to include elderly people into research.
• Discuss the challenges of including elderly people in qualitative research

and what this signifies for excellence in qualitative research.

• Reflect upon quality assurance within qualitative research with consideration
• f the inclusion of elderly people.

Aim

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

Introduction

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

t

What experiences do you have with elderly service users and their involvement in research?

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

Why it is important to integrate elderly people into research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

Why it is important to integrate elderly people into research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Increasing number of

elderly who insist upon having a voice

▶ Inspiration and

encouragement from elderly service users

▶ To discover blind

spots, new issues and perspectives (Niedermann,

2012; Smith et al., 2008)

Better Research

Why it is important to integrate elderly people into research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

What does it mean to integrate elderly service user?

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ All stakeholders in health services must be brought on board including

elderly people and especially elderly people with mental or cognitive impairment (because they are underrepresented).

▶ Participation from the beginning (ideas, planning, proposal writing) of the

research project and ongoing until completion (report writing).

▶ Arousal of interest and engagement of users to partake in a significant

portion of the research and education in the health and long term care sector.

Integration of elderly people into research denotes that:

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ If you only… ▶ Ask your grandmother if she understands your proposal and if your research

aim is on target.

▶ Integrate elderly into samples (ask questions in a survey as part of the

research).

▶ Undertake an intervention with elderly and evaluate this intervention. ▶ It is not full integration, but it is a start. You are then on your way to

integrating elderly service users more and more into your research projects.

Integration of the elderly into research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Overcoming barriers between different stakeholders and research

paradigms (Barber et al., 2011, Boote et al, 2010).

▶ Elderly people should move away from being passive receivers of health

services to becoming equal partners (Niedermann 2012, Schmid & Wang, 2003).

▶ Active involvement in research projects. ▶ Find a common language that fits for all (Boote et al, 2010). ▶ How to talk with a layperson 85+ or perhaps find a researcher 75+? ▶ Economic factors such as money, time ….. ▶ Real involvement is expensive and requires a lot of time.

Challenges in integrating elderly service users into research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

Workshop group work: 4 groups Time: 20 min Use flip chart to create a mind map

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

t

Group 1: What do we have to consider in the recruitment of participants when we work with nursing home residents?

recruitment ethics layout information xyz vulnerability

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

t

Group 2: What do we have to consider in the data collection process when we work with nursing home residents?

data collection process ethics instruments information xyz vulnerability

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

t

Group 3: What do we have to consider in the data analysis process when we work with nursing home residents?

Analysis ethics methods collaboration xyz vulnerability

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

t

Group 4: What do we have to consider in the interpretation of the results when we work with nursing home residents?

Analysis ethics politics collaboration xyz vulnerability

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

Quality assurance of qualitative research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

Quality of qualitative research?

“[…] Guba and Lincoln proposed four criteria for judging the soundness of qualitative research and explicitly

• ffered these as an alternative to

more traditional quantitatively-

• riented criteria […]”

http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/qualval.php ,13.092015

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Credibility

“The credibility criteria involves establishing that the results of qualitative research are credible or believable from the perspective of the participant in the research. Since from this perspective, the purpose of qualitative research is to describe or understand the phenomena of interest from the participant's eyes, the participants are the only ones who can legitimately judge the credibility of the results.”

http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/qualval.php,13.092015 ▶ Prolonged engagement ▶ Persistent observation ▶ Triangulation ▶ Intensive peer-debriefing ▶ Negative case analyses ▶ Referential adequacy ▶ Member checks

Quality assurance within qualitative research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Transferability

“Transferability refers to the degree to which the results of qualitative research can be generalized or transferred to other contexts or settings. From a qualitative perspective transferability is primarily the responsibility of the one doing the generalizing. The qualitative researcher can enhance transferability by doing a thorough job of describing the research context and the assumptions that were central to the research. The person who wishes to "transfer" the results to a different context is then responsible for making the judgment of how sensible the transfer is.” http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/qualval.php,13.092015

▶ Purposeful sampling ▶ Thick description

Quality assurance within qualitative research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Dependability

“[…] But we can't actually measure the same thing twice -- by definition if we are measuring twice, we are measuring two different things. […] The idea of dependability, on the other hand, emphasizes the need for the researcher to account for the ever-changing context within which research occurs. The research is responsible for describing the changes that occur in the setting and how these changes affected the way the research approached the study.” http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/qualval.php,13.092015

Quality assurance within qualitative research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Confirmability

“[…] Qualitative research tends to assume that each researcher brings a unique

perspective to the study. Confirmability refers to the degree to which the results could be confirmed or corroborated by others.”

http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/qualval.php,13.092015 ▶ Document the procedures for checking and rechecking the data. ▶ Be the “devil's advocate“ via documentation. ▶ Search for and describe negative instances. ▶ Complete data audits that examine the data collection and analysis procedures and

make judgements regarding the potential for bias or distortion.

Quality assurance within qualitative research

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

t

Thank you for your attention!

Sabine Hahn, Division Head of Applied Research & Development in Nursing, sabine.hahn@bfh.ch

▶ Health | Applied Research and Development, Nursing, Head Prof. Dr. Sabine Hahn, sabine.hahn@bfh.ch

Bern University of Applied Sciences | Health

▶ Health | Applied Research and Development, Nursing, Head Prof. Dr. Sabine Hahn, sabine.hahn@bfh.ch

Thank you for your attention!

Sabine Hahn, Division Head of Applied Research & Development in Nursing sabine.hahn@bfh.ch