Visual Longitudinal and Lateral Driving Assistance in the Head-Up - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Fachgebiet Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Augmented Reality Visual Longitudinal and Lateral Driving Assistance in the Head-Up Display of Cars Marcus Tnnis, Christian Lange, Gudrun

SLIDE 1

Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de

14 November 2007

Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München

Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Visual Longitudinal and Lateral Driving Assistance in the Head-Up Display of Cars

Marcus Tönnis, Christian Lange, Gudrun Klinker

toennis@in.tum.de, lange@lfe.mw.tum.de, klinker@in.tum.de

SLIDE 2

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 2 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Reasons for Accidents

DeStatis - Statistisches Bundesamt, Unfallgeschehen im Strassenverkehr 2002

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 3 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Overview

Aids for Spatial Surveillance (Related Work)
Concepts:

Braking Bar Scheme Drive-Path Scheme

Experiment in a Driving Simulator
Discussion of Results
Outlook

SLIDE 4

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 4 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Aids for Spatial Surveillance

B. Sullivan, C. Ware, and M. Plumlee. Predictive Displays for Survey Vessels. In 50th HFES, pages 2424–2428, October 2006
MobileEye. http://www.mobileye.com/

SLIDE 5

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 5 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Aids for Spatial Surveillance (II)

H. Bubb. Untersuchung über die Anzeige des Bremsweges im Kraftfahrzeug. In BMVg, FBWT-7, TU München, Ergonomics, 1976.
L. J. Kramer., L. J. Prinzel III, J. J. Arthur III, and R. E. Bailey. Pathway Design Effects on Synthetic Vision Head-up Displays. In SPIE, p. 61–72,

NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA, 2004. Volume 5424.

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 6 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

General Concept

Augmented Environment: Integrated approach – no secondary

glances required

In the loop of the control circuit : No warnings – continuous,

ambient information

Focal depth: Virtual image in same distance as covered road

area – no time required to focus on assistance scheme

Scheme color: Bright green – good contrast for visibility

In HUD In front of road’s concrete

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 7 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Concept 1: Braking Bar Assistance Scheme

Longitudinal guidance – Indicates Braking point
Flat box, 2 cm high, 50 cm long, width of own car
Mathematical model: Single track driving dynamics

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 8 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Longitudinal Movement

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 9 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Lateral Movement

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 10 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Concept 2: Drive-Path Assistance Scheme

Flight-tunnel presentation for lateral guidance
Two additional sets of polygons that connect bar and car
Four vertices
Indicates area to be covered up to braking point

SLIDE 11

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 11 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Experiment

27 test participants (mean age 41.3 years, std. dev. 14.8, 14

male, 13 female)

Fixed base driving simulator, projection wall 3.4 m in front of

driver, 40 degree FOV

Conformal HUD: Focal plane in same distance as projection

wall

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 12 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Experimental Design

Independent variable: Concept

No assistance (baseline) Braking bar scheme Braking bar and drive-path scheme

Dependent variables

Driving performance

Speed Lane position

Subjective measures

Significances through ANOVA and T-Test: α = 0.05

SLIDE 13

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 13 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Results: Exceedence of Allowed Speed

Drivers exceeded speed limit the higher the grade of visual assistance Baseline Bar Drive-Path

SLIDE 14

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 14 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Results: Oscillations in Driven Speed

Larger degree of visual assistance correlates with higher

scillations in driven speed

Baseline Bar Drive-Path

SLIDE 15

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 15 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Results: Lane keeping Behavior

The more visual assistance the better the lane keeping behavior Baseline Bar Drive-Path

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 16 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Subjective Measurements: NASA Task Load Index

Computed Overall Workload Index on scale 0-100

Baseline Bar Drive-Path

SLIDE 17

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 17 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Subjective Measurements: Capability to Maintain Speed

German school grade system, ranging from 1 (best) to 6 (worst) Baseline Bar Drive-Path

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 18 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Subjective Measurements: Overall Driving Quality

German school grade system, ranging from 1 (best) to 6 (worst) Baseline Bar Drive-Path

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 19 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Subjective Measurements: Concentration on Task of Driving

German school grade system, ranging from 1 (best) to 6 (worst) Baseline Bar Drive-Path

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CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 20 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Discussion

Visual assistance raises feeling of safety
Drivers seem to neglect obligation to maintain proper speeds

the higher the visual assistance

Lane deviation decreases the higher the visual assistance
Test subjects judge an improved overall driving quality for the

bar scheme

Visual assistance does not increase overall workload
Common design principles for visual aids in time-critical

systems: minimal and easy to perceive => Bar scheme promising for further analysis

SLIDE 21

CAMP-AR | Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München | 14 November 2007 21 Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Conclusion & Future Work

Two visual presentation schemes for concurrent feedback of

driving physics Bar scheme – Braking distance, lateral information Drive-Path scheme – enhanced lateral information

User study revealed promising benefits of bar scheme for further

analysis: Test on effects of tunnel vision Platooning aid – Indication of following distance Incorporate into real car – currently building life-size conformal HUD Funding: BMW Forschung und Technik GmbH

SLIDE 22

Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures & Augmented Reality | campar.in.tum.de

14 November 2007

Department of Informatics | Technische Universität München

Fachgebiet Augmented Reality

Visual Longitudinal and Lateral Driving Assistance in the Head-Up Display of Cars

Marcus Tönnis, Christian Lange, Gudrun Klinker

toennis@in.tum.de, lange@lfe.mw.tum.de, klinker@in.tum.de