Vacuum and in-air thermal stability studies of SnO 2 -based TCO for - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Vacuum and in-air thermal stability studies of SnO 2 -based TCO for - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Vacuum and in-air thermal stability studies of SnO 2 -based TCO for concentrated solar power applications (CSP) lvaro Mndez Fernndez 1 , Frank Lungwitz 2 , Erik Schumann 2 , Daniel Janke 2 , Elena Guilln 3 , Ramn Escobar Galindo 4 ,

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SLIDE 1

Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

Vacuum and in-air thermal stability studies of SnO2-based TCO for concentrated solar power applications (CSP)

Garmisch, September 21st, 2018. Álvaro Méndez Fernández1, Frank Lungwitz2, Erik Schumann2, Daniel Janke2, Elena Guillén3, Ramón Escobar Galindo4, Sibylle Gemming2, Iván Fernández-Martínez1, Matthias Krause2

1NANO4ENERGY SLNE, Madrid, Spain. 2Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany. 3Profactor GmbH, Steyr-Gleink, Austria. 4IMEYMAT Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.

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SLIDE 2

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 2 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Introduction
  • Another approach for CSP
  • Results
  • Thermal stability
  • Conclusions
  • Contents
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SLIDE 3

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 3 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Introduction
  • What is CSP?
  • Concentrating Solar Power: Redirect and concentrate the light
  • nto an absorber in which light is converted into heat

Parabolic Trough Tower Plant Parabolic Dishes Linear Fresnel

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SLIDE 4

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 4 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Introduction

500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 0,0 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0

BB Intensity / a.u. Solar Radiation (AM 1.5) Ideal Sele ctive Absorber Black Body Radiation (800 °C) Solar intensity / [W/(m²nm)]

Wavelength / nm

0,0 0,2 0,4 0,6 0,8 1,0

Reflectivity

Kirchhoff’s law of thermal radiation

  • Requirements
  • High absorbance on UV-vis-

NIR

  • High reflectance from IR range
  • Solar Selectivity
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SLIDE 5

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 5 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Introduction
  • Absorber designs

[PhD thesis Irene Heras, Multilayer solar selective coatings for high temperature solar applicaions: From concept to design]

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SLIDE 6

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 6 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

Solar Radiation Selective Transmitter (TCO) Black Body Absorber Heat - transfer - fluid

  • Another approach for CSP
  • Properties of the TCO
  • Transparent in the VIS and NIR
  • Reflective in the IR (>2000 nm)
  • Stable at high temperature
  • Co-sputtering from Sn and Sn:Ta targets
  • Heat is applied during deposition
  • Ar and O2 as gases
  • Ta selected because its refractory properties
  • Experimental setup
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SLIDE 7

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 7 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Another approach for CSP
  • The cut-off wavelength

𝜇cut−off Increasing selectivity

  • High Ne and high μopt

Shorter λcut-off Higher selectivity TAILORING OF PROPERTIES IS POSSIBLE

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SLIDE 8

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 8 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Results
  • Optical characterization
  • High Transmittance in UV-vis
  • Good Reflectance in vis-IR
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SLIDE 9

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 9 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Results
  • Influence of deposition parameters: Ta content
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SLIDE 10

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 10 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Results

9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 Mobility µ / cm

2 V

  • 1s
  • 1

O2-Flow / sccm

  • Influence of parameters: O2 and Temperature

400 450 500 550 600 650 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Mobility µ / cm

2V

  • 1s
  • 1

Deposition temperature / °C

570°C

  • Vacancies go up to a limit but afterwards they start getting filled
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SLIDE 11

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 11 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Results
  • Influence of parameters: Thickness
  • Little variations in spectrum

(not following a trend) Thickness is not a critical factor

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SLIDE 12

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 12 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Results
  • Best achieved

𝑂𝑓 = 4.3 ± 0.3 × 1020 cm−3 𝜈𝑓𝑚𝑓𝑑𝑢 = 14 ± 3 cm2 V−1 s−1 𝜈𝑝𝑞𝑢 = 35 ± 3 cm2 V−1 s−1

Highly suitable for CSP applications

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SLIDE 13

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 13 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Thermal Stability
  • The Cluster Tool
  • in-situ RBS and

ERDA

  • in-situ

Ellipsometry

  • in-situ Raman
  • Nanoindenter
  • Sputtering

chamber

  • UP TO 1000ºC
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SLIDE 14

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 14 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Thermal Stability
  • Rutherford Backscattering (vacuum)
  • RBS spectrum doesn’t vary

Conservation of element distribution

2 MeV He+ ~ 20 nA α = 155º

  • Temp. = 800ºC

Sn & Ta Si O

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SLIDE 15

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 15 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Thermal Stability
  • Ellipsometry (vacuum)

𝐹

  • Tiny changes in Ψ and Δ

Same optical properties and layer thickness

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SLIDE 16

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 16 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Thermal Stability
  • Reflectance and Transmittance (in-air tests)

Slight changes within measurement accuracy

Stable at 800ºC!!!!

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SLIDE 17

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 17 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Conclusions
  • A TCO based on Sn and Ta for high

temperature solar thermal applications was developed and optimized

  • Perfect agreement of simulated and

experimental data was found

  • Thermal stability tests in both vacuum and

in-air atmospheres were carried out showing excellent results at high temperature

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SLIDE 18

Member of the Helmholtz Association Page 18 Álvaro Méndez I Nanocomposite Division I www.nano4energy.eu I www.hzdr.de I www.friends2project.eu

  • Acknowledgments
  • R. Wenisch
  • J. Zscharschuch
  • A. Scholz
  • J. Grenzer
  • A. Schneider
  • D. Flath
  • R. Heller

IBC Operator Team

  • G. Abrasonis (now EPO)
  • A. Erbe
  • J. Faßbender
  • M. Helm
  • A. Wennberg
  • S. Muñoz

This work was financially supported by the EU H2020 RISE project “Framework

  • f Innovation for Engineering of New

Durable Solar Surfaces (FRIENDS2, GA- 645725)” and the Initiative and Networking Funds of the president of the Helmholtz Association via the W2/W3 program (SG).

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION