Traffic Safety and Policy in Traffic Safety and Policy in Japan - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Traffic Safety and Policy in Traffic Safety and Policy in Japan Japan

Yoshitaka MOTODA Professor Iwate Prefectural University

Contents Contents

Transition of Road Traffic Accidents Recent Issues Policy and Countermeasure Recent topics: Metal pieces on Guardrail

■ ■ Transition of Road Traffic Accidents Transition of Road Traffic Accidents

〔Source : No. of traffic accident deaths and injured persons is from Traffic Statistics (National Police Agency) Vehicle-km is from Statistical Survey of Land Transport (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) 〕 〔Source : No. of traffic accident deaths and injured persons is from Traffic Statistics (National Police Agency) Vehicle-km is from Statistical Survey of Land Transport (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) 〕

7,358 (2004) 16,765 (1970) 8,466 (1979) 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000

(Deaths) 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000

• No. of traffic

accident injured persons

• No. of traffic

accident deaths 500 1,000 1,500 (1,000 persons) (million vehicle-km) Vehicle-km

Highest level in history Lowest level in recent years

2,000 (fiscal year) vehicle-km

• No. of traffic accident injured persons
• No. of traffic accident deaths

1,183,120 (2004) 981,000 (1970)

Recent Issues Recent Issues

Decreasing Fatalities Still increasing Injuries (more than 1 mil.) High rate of Fatalities of Aged People Drinking Drunk

Seat Belt Regulation Seat Belt Regulation

Seat belt wearer rate and number of fatalities in a ride 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Seat belt wearer rate 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 Number of fatalities in a ride

（ ％）

Num ber of fatalities in a ride Seat belt wearer rate 4,482 （ '94） 88.3% （ '04） 81.8% （ '99） 68.5% （ '94） 3,872 （ '99） 2,918 （ '04）

Aging Society Aging Society

4.9 5.3 5.7 6.3 7.1 7.9 9.1 10.312 14.5 17.3 19.9 22.5 26 27.8 28.7 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 year Rate of Aged People %

Fatality of Aged People Fatality of Aged People

T ren d in n u m ber of fatalities by age 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Number of fatalities u n der 16 16～ 24 25～ 29 30～ 39 40～ 49 50～ 59 60～ 64

• v

er 64

Age and Fatality Rate Age and Fatality Rate

Fatality/Injury*100 (2003) 9.94 2.45 1.09 0.58 0.44 0.31 0.37 0.39 0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00

79 < 70-79 60－69 50-59 40-49 30-39 20-29 20 >

Age %

Tighten Penalty for Driving Drunk Tighten Penalty for Driving Drunk

Trend in number of accidents because of drunk-driving and drunk-driving rate in all accidents 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 Drunk-driving fatalities 0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00 7.00 8.00 （ ％） 1,458 （ '94） 1,257 （ '99） 3.19% （ '94） 1.68% （ '04） Drunk-driving fatalities Drunk-driving rate in all accidents Drunk-driving rate in all accidents 2.65% （ '99） 710 （ '04）

Policy and Countermeasure (1) Policy and Countermeasure (1)

Target Law Organizations Improvement of road system National Five years Plan and Installation of

Traffic Safety Facilities

Research Activities

Policy and Countermeasure (2) Policy and Countermeasure (2)

Integrated Traffic Accident Database Establishment of traffic accident data

analysis center (ITARDA)

Hazardous Spot Identification and

Countermeasure

ITS for traffic safety Others: Vehicle regulation, Enforcement of

traffic law, Traffic safety education

Target Target

Traffic fatalities less than 5,000 by

2012 : Prime Ministers Speech in National Diet in 2002

• cf. 8,326 : Traffic Fatalities in 2002

(Death in 24 hours)

40% reduction

Improvement of road system Improvement of road system

Traffic accident deaths and injuries (accidents/100 million

vehicle-kilometers)

Traffic accident deaths

(accidents/100 million vehicle- kilometers)

Expressways (A)

11.69 0.37

Other roads (B)

132.13 1.21

(A)/(B)

• approx. 1/11
• approx. 1/3

Source: MICHI Roads in Japan 2002, Road Public Relations Center

<Comparison between accident rates on expressways and on other roads>

Development of Expressways Development of Expressways

1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 6 3 6 5 6 7 6 9 7 1 7 3 7 5 7 7 7 9 8 1 8 3 8 5 8 7 8 9 9 1 9 3 9 5 9 7 9 9 1 T o tal L e n gth o f Expre ssw ays (km )

Installation of Traffic Safety Installation of Traffic Safety Facilities Facilities

Lengths of sidewalks and rates of vehicular accidents involving pedestrians

20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 歩 道 設 置 延 長 （ k m ） 20 40 60 80 100 「 人 対 車 両 」 事 故 率 （ 件 / 億 台 k m ）

歩道設置道路実延長(幹線) 歩道設置道路実延長(生活) 「人対車両」事故率(幹線) 「人対車両」事故率(生活)

Length of sidewalks (km) Rate of vehicular accidents involving pedestrians (cases/100 million vehicle-kms)

Length of roads with sidewalks (arterial roads) Length of roads with sidewalks (roads used for daily living) Rate of vehicular accidents involving pedestrians (arterial roads) Rate of vehicular accidents involving pedestrians (roads used for daily living)

Hazardous Spot Identification Hazardous Spot Identification Analysis Analysis

Prioritized sections for taking measures

1,000 cases

Number of accumulated sections R a tio o f tra ffic a c c id e n t d e a th s a n d in ju rie s

Example of a method of indicating priority levels (curved line for accident rates)

Average accident rate Ratio of traffic accident deaths and injuries as a baseline

5 10 15 20 25 5 10 15 20 25

Countermeasures of Hazardous Spots Countermeasures of Hazardous Spots

Study and analysis

Reducing road accidents

NILIM Institute for Traffic Accident Research and Data Analysis (ITARDA)

4,000 hazardous spots

Laying electric cables in underground trenches Construction of sidewalks Installation of safety facilities Widening roads Improvement of sight distance Hazardous Accident Spot Countermeasures Council

consists of

• Road Administrators
• Public safety Committees

Improvement of intersections

Support National Research Institute of Police Science

Effects of Countermeasures Effects of Countermeasures

ITS:VICS and ETC ITS:VICS and ETC (1) (1)

Vehicle Information and Communication System

Accumulated Number of VICS Unit (million) 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 year

ITS:VICS and ETC ITS:VICS and ETC (2) (2)

Electric Toll Collection System

Two-way Communication Device Roadside Antenna

Accumulated Number of ETC Unit (million) 2 4 6 8 10 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 year

Metal Pieces on Guardrail (1) Metal Pieces on Guardrail (1)

Metal Pieces on Guardrail are found

• ut at approx. 40,000 location

Some of them injured bicycle riders

Joint Bolt End of guardrail

Width Length Average Standard Deviation Average Standar d Deviatio n Bolt 3.5cm 1.5cm 6.9cm 4.5cm Joint 5.5cm 2.4cm 11.3cm 9.1cm

Metal Pieces on Guardrail (2) Metal Pieces on Guardrail (2)

Investigative Committee for Metal Pieces was organized The committee tried to find its cause Statistics Data Analysis Material Testing Check Experiment Revealed cause: Shards of vehicle which touched the guardrail