Torres Strait Islander people in New South Wales Andrew Graham, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Road crash trauma amongst Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in New South Wales Andrew Graham, Hassan Raisianzadeh, Richard Thiele, Sarah Pont and Rajah Supramaniam AIPN November 2017 - Ballarat October 2017

Delivering the Strategy • Aboriginal Road Safety Action Plan: an initiative under the NSW Road Safety Strategy 2012 - 21 • Need for robust, relevant and reliable information on Aboriginal road safety experience 2

CRS Health Linkage Project • No solid evidence on Aboriginal road safety trauma in NSW until 2014 • Identification of Aboriginal road users proved to be a complex process • Hospital records a rich source of Aboriginality identification • Challenge was how to use the evidence from Health to identify Aboriginality A data linkage project was set up to answer many research questions including: ‘H ow are crashes and injuries distributed demographically across the various sectors of the community, including Aboriginal people ?’ 3

Linkage project identifies Aboriginal people Ever Majority identified identified ✓ ✓  Ministry of Health Algorithm identified ✓  Non- Aboriginal Aboriginal

Aboriginal road trauma trends in NSW, 2005 to 2015 700 579 600 574 566 559 494 500 465 Number of casualties 429 425 426 416 414 463 400 426 405 391 383 371 362 361 349 300 315 237 200 100 19 19 18 18 13 13 11 10 8 9 7 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Fatality Serious Injury Moderate Injury 5

Population age distribution (2005-2015) 80+ Non-Aboriginal Aboriginal 70-79 60-69 50-59 40-49 30-39 20-29 10-19 0-9 25 20 15 10 5 0 5 10 15 20 25 Percentage of population 6

Casualties by age groups, 2011-2015 30% 27% 25% 25% 23% Percentage of all casualties 20% 17% 16% 15% 15% 13% 13% 13% 10% 8% 7% 7% 5% 5% 4% 3% 3% 1% 0.4% 0% 0-9 10-19 20-29 30-39 40-49 50-59 60-69 70-79 80+ Aboriginal Non-Aboriginal Aboriginal casualties tended to be younger 7

Rate comparison, 2011-2015 • Aboriginal people are around 2.1 times more likely to be a road fatality and 1.7 times more likely to be a serious injury (age standardised rates) Age Standardised rates per 100,000 people, NSW, 2011-2015 160 148.7 140 120 100 88.6 80 60 40 20 9.2 4.4 0 Aboriginal Non-Aboriginal Fatality Serious Injury (Matched) 8

Age standardised casualty rates by severity, 2005 to 2015 Aboriginal people Non Aboriginal people 24 300 20 250 Age-standardised fatality rate (per 100,000 population) Age-standardised fatality rate (per 100,000 population) Age-standardised injury rate (per 100,000 population) Age-standardised injury rate (per 100,000 population) 20 250 16 200 16 200 12 150 12 150 8 100 8 100 4 50 4 50 0 0 0 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Fatalities Serious injuries Moderate Injuries Fatalities Serious injuries Moderate Injuries 9

Age standardised casualty rates by road user group, 2005 to 2015 Aboriginal people Non Aboriginal people 300 250 Age-standardised casualty rate (per 100,000 population) Age-standardised casualty rate (per 100,000 population) 250 200 200 150 150 100 100 50 50 0 0 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Driver Motorcyclist Passenger Driver Motorcyclist Passenger Pedal Cyclist Pedestrian Pedal Cyclist Pedestrian 10

Detailed profile 2011 to 2015: Who, Where & When Aboriginal casualties tended to be slightly younger; the distribution was similar by gender. Aboriginal serious casualties were more likely to occur outside of the Sydney-Newcastle-Wollongong greater conurbation (more than half of fatalities were in the Northern and Western RMS Regions) and on unclassified roads. Between midnight and 6am the Aboriginal age-standardised serious injury rate was double that of the non-Aboriginal rate. 11

Detailed profile 2011 to 2015: How & Why Off path on straight and off path on curve or turning crashes were more commonly involved among Aboriginal road user serious casualties. Illegal alcohol, fatigue, speeding, restraint non-usage and unauthorised driving were more commonly involved among Aboriginal road user casualties. 12

Report available on website http://roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au/downloads/aboriginal-road-trauma-2005-15.pdf 13

More interactive details available on website http://roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au/statistics/interactivecrashstats/serious-injuries.html?tabinj=1 14

Appendix: Data linkage project acknowledgements • Transport for NSW wishes to thank the following: – NSW Ministry of Health for providing access to information in the NSW Admitted Patient Data Collection, NSW Emergency Department Data Collection and the NSW Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages – Death registrations. – Centre for Health Record Linkage for conducting the record linkage. – Aboriginal Health & Medical Research Council for supporting the ongoing data linkage project. – Dr Mike Bambach, from Transport and Road Safety (TARS) Research, University of NSW, for analyses of serious injuries not matched to police reports. – Independent Hospital Pricing Authority for providing the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Australian Modification (ICD-10-AM) electronic code lists. – The State Insurance Regulatory Authority (SIRA) and iCare (Lifetime Care) for providing data on Compulsory Third Party insurance claims and Lifetime Care participants. – ACT Health Directorate for providing access to information in the ACT Admitted Patient Care and ACT Emergency Department Information System data collections. • This research forms part of the routine monitoring activity undertaken by Transport for NSW to improve road safety for the community and to make NSW roads the safest in the country. It was approved by the following ethics committees: – NSW Population & Health Services Research Ethics Committee - 19 December 2013 – Aboriginal Health & Medical Research Council Ethics Committee - 24 January 2014 – ACT Health Human Research Ethics Committee - 13 November 2013 – Approved by the Calvary Public Hospital Bruce Human Research Ethics Committee on 20th September 2017 15

Thank You - Questions ? More information: Andrew Graham, Centre for Road Safety, TfNSW Andrew.Graham@transport.nsw.gov.au 16

Appendix: Extra Slides If Asked For Details 17

Trend in Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Licence Holders in NSW 40,000 2.0% 37,480 35,462 33,591 31,660 29,607 30,000 1.5% % of All NSW Licence Holders Number of Licence Holders 20,000 1.0% 0.7% 0.7% 0.6% 0.6% 0.6% 10,000 0.5% - 0.0% 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Number of Licence Holders % of All NSW Licence Holders 18

Fatalities and serious injuries by urbanisation, 2011-2015 Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal casualties by area of crash in NSW 2011-2015 Serious Moderate Area of crash Fatality % % % Total Injury Injury Aboriginal SNW Gtr conurbation 11 12.6 652 43.6 771 37.6 1,434 Urban Rest of NSW 25 28.7 449 30.0 884 43.2 1,358 Rural Rest of NSW 51 58.6 392 26.2 392 19.1 835 Rest of NSW – Unk 0 0.0 2 0.1 1 0.0 3 Total 87 100 1,495 100 2,048 100 3,630 Non-Aboriginal SNW Gtr conurbation 657 40.2 22,063 68.8 35,887 69.0 58,607 Urban Rest of NSW 324 19.8 4,870 15.2 10,065 19.4 15,259 Rural Rest of NSW 654 40.0 5,105 15.9 6,002 11.5 11,761 Rest of NSW – Unk 1 0.1 27 0.1 27 0.1 55 Total 1,636 100 32,065 100 51,981 100 85,682 19

Fatalities and serious injuries by RMS Region, 2011-2015 Numbers of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal casualties by severity and RMS region NSW 2011-2015 Serious Moderate RMS Region Fatality % % % Total Injury Injury Aboriginal Sydney 6 6.9 414 27.7 412 20.1 832 Northern 29 33.3 292 19.5 495 24.2 816 Hunter 14 16.1 281 18.8 516 25.2 811 Southern 12 13.8 174 11.6 208 10.2 394 South West 9 10.3 116 7.8 109 5.3 234 Western 17 19.5 218 14.6 308 15.0 543 Total 87 100 1,495 100 2,048 100 3,630 Non-Aboriginal Sydney 461 28.2 18,233 56.9 28,537 54.9 47,231 Northern 311 19.0 3,239 10.1 5,542 10.7 9,092 Hunter 266 16.3 3,800 11.9 8,520 16.4 12,586 Southern 242 14.8 3,297 10.3 4,717 9.1 8,256 South West 171 10.5 1,669 5.2 1,757 3.4 3,597 Western 185 11.3 1,827 5.7 2,908 5.6 4,920 Total 1,636 100 32,065 100 51,981 100 85,682 20

Fatalities and serious injuries by road classification, 2011-2015 60.0 53.4 50.0 44.7 Percentage of Casualties 39.1 40.0 36.8 34.8 34.5 33.9 29.3 30.0 24.9 24.1 19.4 20.0 17.4 10.0 3.4 2.3 2.0 0.0 Aboriginal Non-Aboriginal Aboriginal Non-Aboriginal Killed Seriously Injured Freeway/motorway State highway Other classified road Unclassified road 21

Fatalities and serious injuries by time of day, 2011-2015 Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal age-standardised casualty rates by two-hour time period of crash in NSW 2011-2015 22

Fatalities and serious injuries by road user movement, 2011-2015 23