The role of intelligent habitats in upholding elders in residence - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The role of intelligent habitats in upholding elders in residence

Hélène Pigot1 Bernard Lefebvre2 Jean-Guy Meunier2 Brigitte Kerhervé2 André Mayers1 Sylvain Giroux1 1) Département de mathématiques et d'informatique Université de Sherbrooke Canada. 2) Département d'informatique Université du Québec à Montréal Canada.

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Introduction

The need for intelligent habitats in upholding elders in residence

Their number increases They legitimately wish to remain at home as long as possible For economic reasons, governments also want to maintain them in their residence Elders are suffering from several chronic diseases

The safety problems

Immediate risks Long-term risks

This talk introduces the theoretical and computational models needed

to assist elders in their Activities of Daily Living (ADL) to inform relatives and caregivers as soon as necessary.

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Outline

Introduction (done) A layered computer infrastructure hardware layer code middleware layer code Interpretation and decision making code Computational and theoretical model and metamodel of the person the task the environment Implementation consideration Conclusion

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A layered computer infrastructure

computer micro-wave bathroom door kitchen table glycometer hardware layer code middle layer code Interpretation and decision making layer code integrator cognitive assistance module telemonitoring module module

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The Grenoble Experimental Smart Home

• h

g f e d c b

• h

g f e d c b

b) Entrance hall c) Kitchen d) Living room e) Bedroom f) Shower g) WC h) Technical room Movement Door contact Scale Tensiometer Oxymeter ? Fall detector Sound antenna Microphone Control panel

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hardware layer code

Four categories of sensors activity actimetry physiology environment

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middleware layer code

Purpose Characteristics

wireless spontaneous networks autonomous components distributed systems distributed algorithms Framework (abstract classes and tools)

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Interpretation and decision making code

Inte gr Assistance Telemonitoring

midd ware le HIT Kitchen sensor

Person meta-model Activity meta-model Environment meta-model Instantiated person Activities in process Instantiated environment

ator

Code for the integrator module, cognitive assistance module and telemonitoring module

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Outline

Introduction (done) A layered computer infrastructure hardware layer code middleware layer code Interpretation and decision making code Computational and theoretical model and metamodel of the person the task the environment Implementation consideration Conclusion

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The computational and theoretical model behind the architecture

Person meta-model Cognitive physiological behavioral Activities of daily living (ADL) scripts Activity meta-model Environment meta-model Sensors appliances visual, accoustic interfaces Instantiated person Activities in process Instantiated environment Decision and action: competence or handicap integrator module

Intelligent habitat

with a real person cognitive assistance module distance monitoring module middle layer code Competence model (Rousseau)

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Person meta-model

The cognitive model Act-r (Anderson) Miace (Mayers) CS/SAS (Norman & Shallice) The physiological model blood pressure

• steoporosis

alimentation hygiene

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Ethics

We don’t pretend and don’t want to replace human communication We want to alleviate distress and fatigue for relatives. We want security, autonomy and human dignity for elders.

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Adapted interventions

Characterized

domain: hygiene, alimentation … severity: “doing nothing”, advice, drastic frequency: low …

Personnalized

cognitive capacities: decreasing rate of memory trace activation cognitive abilities: “cooks spaghetti sauce wihout any hesitation” habits: nap after lunchtime … preferences: acoustic, visual signal … history: “eat chicken for lunch today”

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Activity meta-model

basic movements: infered from intelligent sensors (opening of the bathroom door, opening of hot water tap, …) actions: meaningful sequence of movement (brushing teeth) Activities of Daily Living (ADL): meaningful sequence of actions (morning hygiene)

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Activity meta-model

Contains Successful and failed scripts of ADL Failed scripts pre-selected erroneous situations due to cognitive impairments. Interventions of the environment linked to failed scripts in order to help the person. Tools under analysis Cogent, Epitalk

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The environment model

Description of generic physical and human environment Physical environment sensors appliances transmitters Human environment family neighbour medical staff

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Outline

Introduction (done) A layered computer infrastructure hardware layer code middleware layer code Interpretation and decision making code Computational and theoretical model and metamodel of the person the task the environment Implementation consideration Conclusion

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Implementation consideration

Analysis of the behavioural patterns to detect abnormal behaviour of the monitored person.

This mechanism must be as accurate as possible noise resistant able to adapt to failures absence of sensors.

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Various mathematical methods and logics

multi-factorial analysis neural networks hidden Markov models bayesian networks knowledge representation first order logic temporal logic description logic

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Tools

SATIM system Epitalk

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You don’t see the computer for the interpretation and decision making layer as well as the middle layer because the code is distributed over all the processors that are included in the harware layer components

computer micro-wave bathroom door kitchen table glycometer hardware layer middle layer Interpretation and decision making layer supervisor cognitive assistance module telemonitoring module module

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Outline

Introduction (done) A layered computer infrastructure hardware layer code middleware layer code Interpretation and decision making code Computational and theoretical model and metamodel of the person the task the environment Implementation consideration Conclusion

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Conclusion

A pervasive computational infrastructure and applications A combination of

cognitive assistance telemonitoring

Models of person, activities and environment The implementation

pervasive computing spontaneous networking distributed systems. A middleware and many frameworks