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The instrument experts 2 The instrument experts Air permeability - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
The instrument experts 2 The instrument experts Air permeability - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
1 The instrument experts 2 The instrument experts Air permeability Thermal imaging Co-heating tests Domestic U-value evaluation Domestic Lighting levels Wall moisture content Tracer gas testing 3 The
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Air permeability Thermal imaging Co-heating tests – Domestic U-value evaluation – Domestic Lighting levels Wall moisture content Tracer gas testing
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Utilities – electricity / water / gas Microgeneration technologies generating electrical energy and heating / cooling MVHR technologies Thermal comfort – internal and external conditions
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Testing to include effect of leakage through the floor Should include Should include smoke testing Includes both Includes both pressurisation and depressurisation depressurisation tests
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10oC temperature difference for at difference for at least 4 hours. D i d Dry, no sun, wind speed < 8m/s. 320 x 240 pixels minimum infrared resolution.
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Method for measuring heat loss from dwellings. Measure electrical energy to maintain a constant internal maintain a constant internal temperature 25oC, with a external temperature at least external temperature at least 10oC below (∆T). Plot daily heat input vs ∆T Plot daily heat input vs ∆T, slope of line = heat loss coefficient in W/K
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coefficient in W/K.
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In-situ measurement of wall fabric U values by heat flux sensors Testing often Testing often conducted with co- heating evaluation heating evaluation Minimum of two sensors in each sensors in each element of the dwelling
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Smart metering enables data to be captured data to be captured remotely. 5 minute intervals (same 5 minute intervals (same as thermal comfort data). Sub metering should be Sub metering should be considered. Microgeneration needs to g monitor import as well as export + energy use.
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Th t k t f M h i l V til ti There are two key aspects of Mechanical Ventilation (with or without heat recovery) needs to be measured Airflow (volumetric NOT air velocity) with filters clean Airflow (volumetric NOT air velocity) with filters clean AND dirty. Consumed electrical energy (including data when Consumed electrical energy (including data when filters are clean AND dirty.
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Similar equipment for both commercial and domestic properties. Numerous supplies but few who offer a complete solution. S d t i l d i t l t l Sensors need to include internal + external temperature / humidity, CO2, energy (pulse utility meters) heat flux (solar ground source heat pumps meters), heat flux (solar, ground source heat pumps, DHW systems), solar radiation (pyranometers), water and gas meters (pulse). g (p ) Five minute logging intervals. Should be calibrated to a specification.
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p
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Wireless monitoring solution (Wi5). Easy to install. Transmitters have a long battery life (> 3 years). Multiple sensor types. Compact and unobtrusive.
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Internal tem/rh Internal tem/rh External temp/rh External temp/rh Internal CO2 Pyranometer Date/time %RH DegC %RH DegC ppm W/m2 12/10/2010 08:00 43.67 21.47 83.26 10.54 431 7.972 12/10/2010 08:05 43.99 21.4 82.74 10.65 458 8.406 12/10/2010 08:10 44.58 21.48 82.36 10.76 453 11.471 12/10/2010 08:15 45.97 21.82 82.18 10.87 616 13.039 12/10/2010 08:20 46.25 22.2 83.09 10.98 650 13.039 12/10/2010 08:25 46.24 22.41 82.94 11.09 675 13.039 12/10/2010 08:25 46.24 22.41 82.94 11.09 675 13.039 12/10/2010 08:30 46.14 22.62 81.8 11.1 732 13.039 12/10/2010 08:35 46.17 22.77 81.57 11.19 791 13.039 12/10/2010 08:40 46.34 22.8 82.89 11.12 835 13.039 12/10/2010 08 45 46 4 22 95 81 36 11 25 850 13 039 12/10/2010 08:45 46.4 22.95 81.36 11.25 850 13.039 12/10/2010 08:50 46.56 23.08 80.89 11.44 895 13.153 12/10/2010 08:55 46.69 23.19 81.43 11.5 940 15.298 12/10/2010 09:00 46.79 23.2 81.81 11.55 970 17.436 12/10/2010 09:05 46.7 23.3 80.57 11.66 1002 17.671
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Ultimately monitoring is about measuring actual performance against the design performance. Monitoring is easy with the correct instrumentation package ! Adverse findings need acting on to reduce CO2 i i emissions.
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l ilb t@b i k alan.gilbert@bsria.co.uk
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