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GATS Architecture
Common to all
§ Short text of Articles - the
“Framework” +
§ Annexes
Individual
§ Schedules of
Commitments
§ MFN Exemptions (only at
- utset & if needed)
THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES (GATS) AND EDUCATION - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES (GATS) AND EDUCATION - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
THE GENERAL AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN SERVICES (GATS) AND EDUCATION SERVICES Dale Honeck Trade in Services Division World Trade Organization 1 GATS Architecture Common to all Individual Schedules of Short text of Articles - the
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MODE Cross-border Trade (1) Consumption Abroad (2) Commercial Presence (3) Movement of Natural Persons (4) EXAMPLE (Education) Distance-learning programme from country A relayed in B B’s resident attends a post- graduate course in A University from A operates a training center in B Professor from A gives courses in B
GATS: 4 modes of supply
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GATS: IMPLICATIONS
Three Scenarios: Ø Scenario 1: Governmental Services – excluded from GATS Ø Scenario 2: No specific commitment – “unconditional” general obligations apply Ø Scenario 3: Specific Commitments – “conditional” and “unconditional” general
- bligations + market access and national treatment
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What does a specific commitment imply ?
Ø Market access and national treatment, as defined by the GATS, and subject to any scheduled limitations. Ø Very few full commitments scheduled for education services. Most are partial commitments. Ø Commitments are bindings and not necessarily the actual trade regime.
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Specific Commitments by Sector (Number of WTO Members)
50 100
T
- u
r i s m F i n a n c i a l B u s i n e s s C
- m
m u n i c a t i
- n
s T r a n s p
- r
t C
- n
s t r u c t i
- n
R e c r e a t i
- n
E n v i r
- n
m e n t M e d i c a l D i s t r i b u t i
- n
E d u c a t i
- n
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