the Extended Green Port strategies of the Livorno Port Authority in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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the Extended Green Port strategies of the Livorno Port Authority in - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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THE TEN-T GREENCRANES PROJECT: a step ahead of innovation towards the Extended Green Port strategies of the Livorno Port Authority in the energy, environment and gas sectors Valencia, 29 th May 2013 Francesco PAPUCCI Innovation &

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THE TEN-T «GREENCRANES» PROJECT: a step ahead of innovation towards the «Extended Green Port» strategies

  • f the Livorno Port Authority

in the energy, environment and gas sectors

Valencia, 29th May 2013 Francesco PAPUCCI Innovation & Technologies, Livorno Port Authority

f.papucci@porto.livorno.it Consortium:

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CONTENTS

  • 1. PORT OF LIVORNO GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • 2. PORT OF LIVORNO GREEN STRATEGIES
  • 3. ENERGY & GAS IN THE PORT OF LIVORNO
  • A. LPG
  • B. LNG
  • C. GREENCRANES PILOTS

GREENCRANES Intermediate Innovation Days, Livorno Port Authority presentation

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  • 1. Port of Livorno Overview

Livorno

Geographical Location and TEN-T Core Network

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Main Routes passing through Livorno Port

Far East traffic

1 2 6 3 5 4 7

8

1. West Med Route: Morocco – Livorno 2. Gateway Port (i.e. North Tyrrhenian Multi-Port Gateway) 3. Northern Italy (Milan – Turin Economic Core Region) 4. Central- Eastern Europe 5. Eastern Europe 6. “West Med Mos” 7. West Med – Eastern Europe “Land Bridge” 8. North/South America

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  • 1. Port of Livorno Overview

Transport Chain of the Livorno logistic platform

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  • 1. Port of Livorno Overview

PORT OF LIVORNO MAIN INFRASTRUCTURES

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  • 1. Port of Livorno Overview

1. New Container Terminal 2. New large terminal for ro-ro & ro- ro pax 3. New liquid bulk terminal 4. New connections with the inland waterways: “Canale dello Scolmatore” & “Canale dei Navicelli” 5. New rail connections 6. Gate integrations with inland ports 7. New dedicated security custom lanes seaport-inland port

Main Development Projects foreseen in the Port Master Plan

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CONTENTS

  • 1. PORT OF LIVORNO GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • 2. PORT OF LIVORNO GREEN STRATEGIES
  • 3. ENERGY & GAS IN THE PORT OF LIVORNO
  • A. LPG
  • B. LNG
  • C. GREENCRANES PILOTS

GREENCRANES Intermediate Innovation Days, Livorno Port Authority presentation

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  • 2. Livorno Port Green Strategies

Green Port is the framework strategy adopted by the Livorno Port Authority in its Port Masterplan, devised to achieve at the same time improved efficiency and environmental sustainability during the implementation of all the port development actions. Extended Green Port provides guidelines for orienting the development policies’ design and realisation phases for an extended sector including not only the port but also port hinterland, logistic systems and surrounding territories. It has seven main axes:

  • 1. Environment
  • 2. Energy & Resources
  • 3. Infrastructures & Services
  • 4. Integration with surrounding territories
  • 5. Port Knowledge and Innovation
  • 6. Costs, Tariffs, Financial rules
  • 7. Port and Maritime Traffic Management

The strategic vision of Extended Green PortTM

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GREENCRANES Intermediate Innovation Days, Livorno Port Authority presentation

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  • 2. Livorno Port Green Strategies

Integration with territories

  • Integrated Spatial Planning and

harmonization of the port development with the surrounding territories and the Tuscan Region policies.

  • Port-to-city

integration and services for cruisers tourism

  • Social Corporate Responsibility

Knowledge & Innovation

  • Cooperation with Universities,

Research Centers and Industries

  • Promoting specialized degrees

in logistics and port managem.

  • National

and European projects of high added value

  • Promoting

initiatives and investments in innovation

Port Traffic Management

  • Strengthening the cooperation

with Customs and Coastguard

  • Implementing the eMatitime

european directive with coherent strategies

  • Improving

communication between port actors, at level B2A, A2B, A2A

Environment

  • Reduction of acoustic, water

and air pollution

  • Management of standard and

hazardous waste produced by ships and port areas

  • Harmonization
  • f

port development and safeguarding coastlines

Energy & Resources

  • Energy District policies for

promoting a wide spread use

  • f renewable sources
  • Solutions for energy saving,

port areas consumption monitoring, cold ironing

  • Management and re-use of

dredged materials

Infrastructures & Services

  • Designing of new sustainable

terminals and port facilities

  • Decision Support Management

systems for port infra- structures maintenance and control

  • Telematic Services and Port

Community Systems

  • Port Access optimization
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  • 2. Livorno Port Green Strategies
  • 1. Environment
  • 2. Energy & Resources
  • 3. Infrastructure & Services
  • 4. Integration with territories
  • 5. Port Knowledge & Innovation
  • 6. Costs, Tariffs & Financial Rules
  • 7. Port & Maritime Traffic Mgt.
  • Cooperation Protocol with the Italian Ministry
  • f Infrastructures for IT & Innovation actions in

the maritime transport sector

  • Stakeholder participation in relevant projects

as MIELE and COSTA

  • Cooperation Agreements with Pisa University

and Sant’Anna School for Advanced Studies

  • Common actions with Tuscan Region for the

implementation of TEN-T Corridor 1 and the

  • Structuring of a multimodal mediterranean sub

corridor with Bulgaria and Romania TEN-T MOS4MOS project for developing

  • Freight Traceability via TPCS
  • RFID techs. for Traceability of Ro-Ro Units
  • TEN-T GREENCRANES project for Port Energy

Profile and project Pilots’ exploitation

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CONTENTS

  • 1. PORT OF LIVORNO GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • 2. PORT OF LIVORNO GREEN STRATEGIES
  • 3. ENERGY & GAS IN THE PORT OF LIVORNO
  • A. LPG
  • B. LNG
  • C. GREENCRANES PILOTS

GREENCRANES Intermediate Innovation Days, Livorno Port Authority presentation

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

PORT MASTER PLAN IMPACT IN PORT ENERGY SECTOR

PORT MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING AUTHORITY PUBLIC INVESTOR IN PORT GENERAL INTEREST INFRASTRUCTURES

FROM ENERGY CONSUMER TO ENERGY PRODUCER

  • Lowering the energetic dependency, making the use of energy more efficient

and reducing the emission levels, could play an important role for the Livorno port future development.

ENERGY RELATED POLICIES FOR THE PORT OF LIVORNO

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

Carrying out effective actions useful and usable for getting closer to the following key elements:  Creation and/or integration of small-scale renewable energy power plants (“Energy Districts” and “Smart Grids”), with particular focus on:  Solar energy;  Wind power;  Green Quays;  Wave energy;  Solutions for increasing eco-save/eco-efficiency and real time monitoring of port energy consumptions;  Fossil fuels needs analysis and studies/actions for their gradual substitution, with periodic updates of energy audits in the port operating companies;  Integration of energy decisions with the Port of Livorno infrastructural development policy framework, with particular focus on energy and production networks safety, due to their proximity with urban areas.

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

MARPOL ANNEX VI 0.50% (max sulphur % by mass) FROM: 01.01.2020 Fuel Infrastructure Directive (COM 2013/18) LNG refuelling from each TENT Core Network Port FROM: ??? LIVORNO PORT MASTER PLAN And Extended Green Port FROM: now

REGULATIONS

LPG FACILITY FROM: now LNG OFFSHORE FACILITY FROM: 2015 GREENCRANES PILOTS in progress NEXT STEP ???

INFRASTRUCTURES

GAS

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CONTENTS

  • 1. PORT OF LIVORNO GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • 2. PORT OF LIVORNO GREEN STRATEGIES
  • 3. ENERGY & GAS IN THE PORT OF LIVORNO
  • A. LPG
  • B. LNG
  • C. GREENCRANES PILOTS

GREENCRANES Intermediate Innovation Days, Livorno Port Authority presentation

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

 Liquefied Petroleum Gas, also called LPG, GPL, LP Gas, liquid petroleum gas or simply propane or butane, is a flammable mixture of hydrocarbon gases.  It is increasingly used as an aerosol propellant and a refrigerant, replacing chlorofluorocarbons in an effort to reduce damage to the ozone layer. When specifically used as a vehicle fuel it is often referred to as autogas.  LPG is prepared by refining petroleum or "wet" natural gas, and is almost entirely derived from fossil fuel sources, being manufactured during the refining of petroleum (crude oil), or extracted from petroleum or natural gas streams as they emerge from the ground.  It currently provides about 3% of all energy consumed, and burns relatively cleanly with no soot and very few sulfur emissions. As it is a gas, it does not pose ground or water pollution hazards, but it can cause air pollution.  Its use is becoming widespread worldwide in several sectors: motor fuels, heating, refrigeration and cooking

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno
  • Is the most importan Italian LPG Storage Facility
  • Is the only LPG underground storage in Italy
  • Provides almost ¼ of the global italian LPG needs
  • Can be refueled with Large LPG Carrier

COSTIERO GAS LIVORNO FACILITY PROFILE

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

UNDERGROUND LPG STORAGE FACILITY

 Costiero Gas Livorno S.p.A. is located inside the industrial canal, in an area characterized by both industrial and port settlements, including ENI Refinery  The plant is built over an area

  • f ​106,000 squared meters

 Costiero Gas S.p.A. is a company of ENI Group  The hazardous substance handled and stored inside the underground caves is LPG Commercial Propane (Mix. C)

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

N°45 LPG Carrier N° 1986 Rail-Tankers N° 19.680 Road-Tankers N° 2 Pipeline

Transfer & Stock

2012 COSTIERO GAS FIGURES 445 kTons IMPORT 446 kTons EXPORT

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CONTENTS

  • 1. PORT OF LIVORNO GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • 2. PORT OF LIVORNO GREEN STRATEGIES
  • 3. ENERGY & GAS IN THE PORT OF LIVORNO
  • A. LPG
  • B. LNG
  • C. GREENCRANES PILOTS

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is natural gas (mostly methane) in its liquid form, achieved by reaching temperatures of -161 °C.  The same amount of gas, in its liquefied status, occupies a volume 600 times smaller than in the gaseous state.  A single “LNG Carrier Ship” can contain large quantities of gas, making transportation economically viable. One “LNG carrier” can transport about 130,000 cubic metres of LNG, equivalent to about 80 million cubic metres of the product in its gaseous form.  Huge potentialities of global level trading through storage facilities and ships that are specially designed to tolerate low temperatures.  Although production costs are among the highest of any fossil fuel, technological improvements have reduced costs by 35-50% over the last 10 years.  As a result, the LNG market is expected to double in size by 2015 to more than 40%

  • f the world’s natural gas supply, compared to 26% in 2005.

 Almost 90% of the world’s potential natural gas reserves are beyond pipeline export reach, indicating an enormous potential demand for LNG technology.

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

LNG EXPORT TERMINAL LNG SEA TRANSPORT LNG IMPORT TERMINAL LNG TECHNOLOGY & RE-GASIFICATION

  • “Regasification” is a system that converts methane gas into a liquid form in the producer countries

so it can be transported by ship to the consumer countries where it is “regasified”, i.e. brought back to its gaseous state and introduced into the normal distribution networks.

  • The regasification process is obtained by introducing the gas into a “heat exchanger” where a

warmer liquid flows, normally seawater at natural temperature, heats the LNG bringing it back to the gaseous state.

  • Transport by sea is an advantageous alternative allowing gas to be bought freely throughout the

world without being tied to a gas pipeline connection.

  • This allows consumer countries to be supplied regardless of existing gas pipeline networks
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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

THE “OLT OFFSHORE LNG TOSCANA” TERMINAL OLT Offshore LNG Toscana S.p.A. is the company that has supported the regasification terminal project and holds the permits needed for the construction and running of the floating storage and regasification plant (“FSRU Toscana”) which will be positioned 22 km offshore the Tuscan coast in front of Livorno and Pisa.

E.ON Ruhrgas (46.79%)

Is the global Unit of the E.ON Group, one of the main private energy groups and gas company managing the gas business at the pan-european level. The company, with about 3.200 employees, is active throughout the value chain of the gas, from exploration and production, to transport and storage, till sale.

IREN Group (46.79%)

(which includes the share of 5.08% belonging to ASA Livorno) Is a multi-utility operating in electricity production, trading and sale, heat energy for district heating (production and sale), gas (supplying, distribution and sale), water mana-gement and supply; environmental services and waste treatment and disposal.

GOLAR LNG (2.69%)

Ship-owner specialized in the management of LPG carrier and LNG tanker fleets, and belonging to the Fredriksen group (owner of the largest oil tanker fleet in the world) and OLT Energy Toscana S.p.A. (3.73%) the company that

  • riginally developed the project.
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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

OLT OFFSHORE LNG LOCATION

  • The Toscana offshore regasification

plant comprises an LNG carrier that has been suitably modified and is permanently anchored about 22 km

  • ffshore between Livorno and Pisa.
  • The gas will be transferred onshore

through a 36 km long pipeline, (29 km at sea, 5 km in the floodway and 2 km on dry land). The gas pipeline will be completely buried at a minimum depth of 2 metres.

  • The location of the regasification terminal was chosen at national level because

Livorno is a suitable port to support the unit’s activities.

  • Livorno is also located in a strategic procurement area near to the territories where

the gas is mostly used. Tuscany is in fact one of the regions that uses large quantities

  • f gas with an annual consumption of about 4 billion cubic metres.
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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno
  • The unit will be firmly anchored to the seabed through six anchors with a single

rotation point at the bow to permit the ship to move around the anchoring adapting to the weather and sea conditions without repercussions to its activity.

  • At full stretch the unit will have a regasification capacity of 3.75 billion cubic metres a

year (about 4% of the national requirement), an average regasification capacity of 11 million cubic metres a day and a storage capacity of 137,500 cubic metres of liquefied natural gas (LNG).

  • The OLT Offshore LNG Toscana project

provides for the conversion of an LNG carrier (Golar Frost) into a floating unit permanently anchored about 22 km off the coast, invisible from dry land, which will transform the liquid natural gas (LNG) back to its normal gaseous state. THE FLOATING TERMINAL

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

THE PROCESS

  • UNLOADING OF THE LNG AND STORAGE

IN THE REGASIFIER’S TANKS: in this

  • perating stage, the gas carriers used for

transporting the liquefied gas (LNG) berth alongside the unit aided by tugs. The LNG is taken from the ships via four mobile arms and poured into the regasifier’s four spherical tanks.

  • REGASIFICATION: THE LNG IS BROUGHT

BACK TO ITS GASEOUS STATE: the stored LNG is then put into “heat exchangers” to heating the LNG bringing it back to the gaseous state.

  • SENDING THE GAS TO THE NATIONAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: the gas is taken to a

depth of 120 metres via a flexible pipeline where it reaches the inlet structure of a 29.5 km long sealine, which belongs to the national distribution system.

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

 Ship-terminal main features: Length 288.6 meters, width 48 meters, high 26.5 meters  Mooring of LNG carriers with a capacity between 65.000 and 138.000 cubic meters  12 miles (about 22 km): Terminal distance from the coast - no visual impact  3.75: billion of LNG cubic meters per year supplied by the plant (4% of national gas requirement)  36.5 km: total pipeline length (29.5 km at sea and 7 km on dry land)  6 meter: pipeline depth  4 billion of LNG cubic meters used by Toscana Region  7 billion of LNG cubic meters Toscana Region use expected for next 2/3 years  7%: LNG market worldwide growth  600 million euro: projectʼs global investment THE “OLT OFFSHORE LNG TOSCANA” – SOME NUMBERS

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CONTENTS

  • 1. PORT OF LIVORNO GENERAL OVERVIEW
  • 2. PORT OF LIVORNO GREEN STRATEGIES
  • 3. ENERGY & GAS IN THE PORT OF LIVORNO
  • A. LPG
  • B. LNG
  • C. GREENCRANES PILOTS

GREENCRANES Intermediate Innovation Days, Livorno Port Authority presentation

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

Loading / Unloading Subsystem Yard Subsystem Delivery / Reception Subsystem

  • H. Transport

Subsystem

PROCESS ANALYSIS SUBSYSTEM S DEFINITION EQUIPMENTS OPERATION TYPE CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS PROCESSES ANALYSIS SUBSYSTEMS DEFINITION EQUIPMENTS OPERATION TYPE SUBSYSTEMS OPERATION TYPE IMPORT EXPORT TRANSHIPMENT ENERGY CONSUMPTION ANALYSIS IN THE PORT OF LIVORNO CONTAINER TERMINAL

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

GENERIC EXPORT PROCESS

Gate Terminal RTG Reach Stacker

Stacking Area

RTG

Reach Stacker

Yard Tractor Berth STS Crane Vessel

Empties Forklift

Maritime Operative Land Operative Housekeeping

(1) (2)

Empties Forklift

(3)

Delivery / Reception Sub-System Yard Sub-System Horizontal Transport Sub-System Loading / Unloading Sub-System

(4) (5) (6)

Gate Terminal RTG Reach Stacker

Stacking Area

RTG

Reach Stacker

Yard Tractor Berth STS Crane Vessel

Empties Forklift

Maritime Operative Land Operative Housekeeping

Empties Forklift

Delivery / Reception Sub-System Yard Sub-System Horizontal Transport Sub-System Loading / Unloading Sub-System

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

GENERIC IMPORT PROCESS

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

Stacking Area

RTG

Reach Stacker

Yard Tractor Berth STS Crane Vessel

Maritime Operative Maritime Operative

Empties Forklift

Delivery / Reception Sub-System Yard Sub-System Horizontal Transport Sub-System Loading / Unloading Sub-System

(1) (2) (3)

Yard Tractor Vessel STS Crane Berth RTG

Reach Stacker

Empties Forklift

(4) (5) (6) (7)

Housekeeping

TRANSHIPMENT HOUSEKEEPING OPERATIONS

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

PCT’s TYPICAL EQUIPMENTS

  • 1. STS, Ship-to-Shore Gantry Crane
  • 2. RTG, Rubber Tyred Gantry Crane
  • 3. SC, Straddle Carrier
  • 4. RS, Reach Stacker
  • 5. TT, Terminal Tractor

1 2 3 4 5

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34% 13% 5% 48%

Electrical Consumption 2011 (kWh)

STS Cranes Yard Lightning Offices Container Reefers

  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

PORT OF VALENCIA - NOATUM TERMINAL 2011 (kWh) STS Cranes 6.510.256 Terminal Lightning 2.438.803 Offices 1.061.346 Reefer Containers 9.193.395 Total Terminal NCTV 19.203.799

26% 13% 10% 51%

Electrical Consumption 2011 (kWh)

STS Cranes Terminal Lightning Offices Reefer Containers

PORT OF LIVORNO – DARSENA TOSCANA 2011 (kWh) STS Cranes 2.356.698 Terminal Lightning 1.229.174 Offices 923.628 Reefer Containers 4.633.337 Total Terminal TDT 9.151.837 PORT OF KOPER – CONTAINER TERMINAL 2011 (kWh) STS Cranes 2.290.285 Terminal Lightning 1.127.639 Offices 178.413 Cathodic Protection 132.016 Other 251.605 Total Terminal Koper 5.350.325

ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION 2011

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

63% 33% 3% 1%

Yard Machinery. Total Fuel Consumption NCTV 2011

RTGs Yard Tractors Reach Stackers Empty Forklifts

PORT OF VALENCIA - NOATUM TERMINAL Fuel Consumption 2011 (litres) RTGs 3.857.979 Terminal Tractors 1.989.317 Reach Stackers 193.547 Empty Forklifts 62.402 Total Terminal NCTV 6.103.445

28% 6% 23% 41% 2%

Yard Machinery. Total Fuel Consumption TDT 2011

RTGs Internal Tractors External Tractors Reach Stackers ForkLifts

PORT OF LIVORNO - DARSENA TOSCANA Fuel Consumption 2011 (litres) RTGs 380.850 Internal Tractors 85.979 External Tractors 308.180 Reach Stackers 552.203 Forklifts 21.359 Total Terminal TDT 1.348.571 PORT OF KOPER - CONTAINER TERMINAL Fuel Consumption 2011 (litres) RTGs 783.847 Reach Stackers 474.867 Empty Containers 158.911 Forklifts 4.264 Total Terminal Koper 1.422.249

FUEL CONSUMPTION 2011

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno
  • Carbon Footprint is an indicator for measuring the environmental impact of a certain activity in

terms of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (GHG).

  • GHGs are gases present in the earth's atmosphere that reduce the loss of heat into space, as

H2O vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide, (N20), and fluorinated gases.

  • The approach used for its calculation on industrial installations is focused on their activities &

processes provided during ordinary operations.

  • The Carbon Footprint is determined taking as a reference the energy consumption of the

terminal, disaggregated by type of energy source (electricity and fuels). For each type of energy source, emission coefficients are defined in order to obtain the GHG emissions produced at the consumer point derived from the use of each type of energy.

  • The used methodology also considers the concept of "CO2 equivalent emissions"

CARBON FOOTPRINT CALCULATION

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

VALENCIA LIVORNO KOPER CARBON FOOTPRINT CALCULATION

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

PORT CONTAINER TERMINALS ARE HUGE ENERGY CONSUMERS, ESPECIALLY ON THOSE ENERGY SOURCES BASED ON FOSSIL FUELS PORT ENERGY PROFILE CONCLUSIONS BIG PORT CONTAINER TERMINALS CAN BE DEFINED AS IMPORTANT GHG EMITTERS AT THE SAME LEVEL OF OTHER HEAVY INDUSTRIES EFFORTS TO REDUCE FUEL CONSUMPTION AND GHG EMISSIONS PRODUCED BY RTGS, YARD TRACTORS AND REACH STACKERS ARE STRONGLY RECOMMENDED

  • Concerning social impact, port installations are usually located near populated cities

and urban areas. This is the case of Livorno (and many other Mediterranean ports).

  • Impact of port operations affects directly nearby population as direct GHG emissions

(derived from diesel oil) are locally deployed, not only CO2, but also other pollutant and toxic gases like N20, Sulphur compounds and suspension particles.

  • Although electricity does not produce direct environmental impact in terms of

emissions at ports, its generation in power plants produce also indirect GHG which must be taken into account when describing the energy consumption maps of port container terminals.

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

The third pilot and demonstration of the GreenCranes project, to be held in the port of Livorno, will be based on the adaptation of a Reach Stacker vehicle to a different motorisation for reducing the environmental impact and the energy consumption. PILOT PHASES:

  • Design of a Reach Stacker that adopts

alternative environmental compatible fuelling (i.e. LNG or hydrogen cells)

  • Integration and realisation of a

prototype according to the design

  • Functional testing of the prototype
  • Pilot of the prototype and analysis of

performance in a real PCT FOLLOWING ACTIVITY: PORT OF LIVORNO PILOT EXPERIENCE

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

ECO EFFICIENT FUEL ALTERNATIVES ASSESSMENT FOR REACH STACKERS (1)

Main Technical Issues Tank NET volume 5 to 10 times actual Diesel tank HI Vehicle adaptation design and costs efforts HI Refueling station costs M Environmental Issues Zero Local Impact LO

H2 with fuel cell

Main Technical Issues Tank NET volume 4 times actual Diesel tank HI Vehicle adaptation design and costs efforts M Refueling station costs M Environmental Issues Lower emissions of particulate, non-methane hydrocarbon emissions, nitrogen oxides and GHG. LO

CNG

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

ECO EFFICIENT FUEL ALTERNATIVES ASSESSMENT FOR REACH STACKERS (2)

Main Technical Issues Tank NET volume 1,5 times actual Diesel tank M Vehicle adaptation design and costs efforts M Refueling station costs M Impact of «out of service» time M Environmental Issues Lower emissions of particulate, non-methane hydrocarbon emissions, nitrogen oxides and GHG. LO Cost/Benefit Aspects Payback will be 5 years and IRR will be 25,79% LO

LNG SINGLE FUEL

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  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

ECO EFFICIENT FUEL ALTERNATIVES ASSESSMENT FOR REACH STACKERS (3)

Main Technical Issues Additional LNG tank LO Vehicle adaptation design and costs efforts LO Refueling station costs M Impact of «out of service» time LO Environmental Issues Lower emissions of particulate, non-methane hydrocarbon emissions, nitrogen oxides and GHG. M Cost/Benefit Aspects Payback will be 7 years and IRR will be 11,89%. M

DUAL FUEL LNG/DIESEL

DUAL FUEL LNG/DIESEL IS THE FINAL DECISION

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SLIDE 43

GREENCRANES Intermediate Innovation Days, Livorno Port Authority presentation

Page 43

  • 3. Energy & Gas in the Port of Livorno

MARPOL ANNEX VI 0.50% (max sulphur % by mass) FROM: 01.01.2020 Fuel Infrastructure Directive (COM 2013/18) LNG refuelling from each TENT Core Network Port FROM: ??? LIVORNO PORT MASTER PLAN And Extended Green Port FROM: now

REGULATIONS

LPG FACILITY FROM: now SHIPS & TRUCKS LNG REFUELLING STATION ???

INFRASTRUCTURES

NEXT STEP !!!

GAS

LNG OFFSHORE FACILITY FROM: 2015 GREENCRANES PILOTS in progress

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SLIDE 44

GREENCRANES, AN ACTION DEVELOPED THANKS TO:

Consortium: