Technical Workshop on Workshop on M arine Cage Culture in the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Technical Workshop on Workshop on M arine Cage Culture in the Tehran Islamic Republic 26-29 September 2016 of Iran

Good morning and welcome to you all دﯾدﻣا شوﺧ و رﯾﺧﺑ ﺎﻣﺷ ﺢﺑﺻدﯾدﻣا شوﺧ و رﯾﺧﺑ ﺎﻣﺷ ﺢﺑﺻ Excellent and Excellent and growing work growing work relation relation

Alessandro LOVATELLI Self presentation Aquaculture Branch Fisheries and Aquaculture Department Food and Agriculture Organization Viale Terme di Caracalla 00153 Rome Italy Italy http://www.fao.org/fishery/en Alessandro.Lovatelli@fao.org

Next 4 • 3 days technical presentations days - 10 technical presentations ( national and international experts) - Morning & afternoon sessions ( coffee breaks ) - Question & Answers • 1 day field trip – Mazandaran sea cages I have been invited by the organizers to co co- -chairperson chairperson this technical workshop. I hope to do a good job.

I have been asked to give a two hours presentation I do NOT want to: Bore you! Make you fall a sleep! ……………… so please interrupt and ask questions ANYTIME

A few slides to set the scene A few slides to set the scene A rapid glance to the aquaculture sector TODAY: Global fishery and aquaculture value chain = $1 trillion ; 57 million jobs; livelihoods of < 12% global population estimated from FAO 2008 and 2014 figures Estimated global aquaculture supplies (2014) = 74 million tonnes 1 1 fish + shellfish, excluding seaweeds and other aquatic plants – SOFIA (2016)

These are the STATISTICS TODAY: Aquaculture produces half of all fish and shellfish eaten • Growth in supplies during the 1960s and 70s – fisheries. • Since the 1980s it has been due to aquaculture . • With nearly 90% of fish stocks fully or overfished, future growth in fish supplies must continue to come from aquaculture.

Can FISHERIES FISHERIES supply more? THE THE MESSAGE MESSAGE IS IS: Maximum sustainable potential from wild capture fisheries in the oceans has been reached! 1948-49 1997-98 Dramatic biomass decline

A few slides on aquaculture STATS A few slides on aquaculture STATS World aquaculture production of finfish, crustaceans, molluscs and other aquatic species in 2012 from inland aquaculture and mariculture 90 90. .43 43 million million tonnes tonnes Total World Aquaculture 2012: - 66.6 mill. mt food fish ( food for human consumption ) - 23.78 mill. mt aquatic algae ( mainly marine macroalgae ) - 22.4 mill. mt non food products ( mainly pearls and shells, etc. )

Aquaculture contribution Aquaculture contribution = to the world total fish production (2012) 42.2 % (up from 25.7 %in 2000) Asia Asia the only continent producing more fish than capture fisheries (54 %) Aquaculture share in total fish production rose all other continents other continents Europe at 18 % Others <15 % CONSUMPTION On global average, aquaculture supplied 9.41 kg of food fish per person

Resources Space Food availability availability production A few images A few images that require no comment

DESERTIFICATION Fresh water resources A LIMITING factor?? Desertification affects about 2/3 of the countries of the world, and 1/3 of the earth's surface, on which 1 billion people live (1/5 of the world population)

IM AGES … … … .. space! Cities worldwide are growing fast with much of the world population living along the coastal belt

IM AGES … .. coastal land use! Increase use competition of coastal land by different users (e.g. urban development, industry, recreation, transport)

IM AGES … .. people! The global human population is growing, ……. growing fast!! Over 9 billion by 2050

Inland Aquaculture Vs M ariculture Inland Aquaculture Vs M ariculture A rapid glance to the aquaculture sector today: World production of food fish from inland aquaculture and mariculture by continent

This is the BLUE BLUE planet The OCEANS: 72% of the Earth ’ s surface. Healthy ocean ecosystems are vital to human welfare. The 21 st century The 21 st century challenge faced is: feeding a rapidly growing population . 9+ billion by 2050 NASA Planet Earth Photo

… … … … … … what is our what is our FUTURE? FUTURE? POPULATION WORLD POP

… … … … … … what is our what is our FUTURE? FUTURE? NCREASE?? HUNGER INCR

… … … … … … what is our what is our FUTURE? FUTURE? NEEDED MORE FOOD N

Where do we stand Where do we stand TODAY TODAY H AS FOOD RECORD FISH

Fish demand Fish demand (population (population growth only) growth only) 2007 2030 Fish Demand (mt) World Population (baseline) (projection) 9 Africa 9.0 14.0 Billion World 8 Asia 86.4 96.3 Europe 19.4 19.9 7 Africa L.A. & C. 15.2 16.4 6 Northern America 9.1 10.7 Asia 5 Oceania 1.1 1.4 4 World 140.3 158.8 Europe Source: Estimation of FAO/ FI Department Source: Estimation of FAO/ FI Department 3 3 Latin America 2 • To maintain baseline and Caribbean 1 Northern consumption in every country, America - ≈ 1 59 million tonnes of fish 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 needed to feed world population 2030 2010 in 2030. 0.6% 4.8% 5.0% 0.5% 8.9% 10.7% mt) > Total • Total supply (21 1 8.4% 8.6% demand (1 59 mt) 18.8% 58.5% 14.8% 60.4% Source: UN (2010 revision)

Demand Demand ( population & income growth population & income growth ) Population growth 9 2007 2007 2030 2030 Billion Fish Demand (mt Fish Demand ( mt) (baseline) (baseline) (projection) (projection) 8 World 7 Africa 6 Africa 9.0 18.7 Asia 5 Europe Asia 86.4 186.3 4 L.A. & C. L.A. & C. Europe 19.4 23.4 3 N. America 2 L.A. & C. 15.2 18.3 Oceania 1 Northern America 9.1 12.9 - 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Oceania 1.1 1.8 Growth of GDP per capita: 2010-2020 World 140.3 261.2 8.0 Source: Estimation of FAO/ FI Department 6.0 4.0 % 2.0 0.0 Africa Asia Europe L.A. & C. N. America Oceania World

Fish supply Fish supply- -demand gaps demand gaps • Per capita fish demand in 2030 S- -D gap D gap Supply Supply Demand Demand S- -D gap D gap estimated based on assumptions: (mt ( mt) 2030 2030 2030 2030 2030 2030 – GDP per capita projection by IMF – Prices unchanged – Africa 11.7 18.7 -7.0 Preference unchanged Asia 156.5 186.3 -29.8 • Total fish demand in 2030 estimated based on: based on: Europe Europe 18.6 18.6 23.4 23.4 -4.8 -4.8 – Estimated per capita demand in 2030. – UN population projection in 2030. L.A. & C. 16.2 18.3 -2.1 – Non-food fish demand unchanged Northern A. 6.2 12.9 -6.6 • Results: – Supply < Demand Oceania 1.5 1.8 -0.3 • 51 mt shortage – S-D gaps decline in all regions World 210.7 261.2 -50.6 • Largest insufficiency in Asia Source: Estimation of FI Department

Aquaculture growth rate is Aquaculture growth rate is declining declining! 160 12% 140 10% 120 8% 100 6% M illions 80 4% 60 60 2% 2% M 40 0% 20 -2% 0 -4% Aquaculture production Capture fisheries production Aquaculture production growth rate Capture fisheries production growth rate

Bridging the supply Bridging the supply- -demand gaps demand gaps • If countries aquaculture Aquaculture Aquaculture production follow the recent trend, growth rate growth rate Expected Expected Required Required expected aquaculture growth rate: during during APR (% APR (% ) ) APR (% APR (% ) ) 2007- 2007 -2030 2030 – 4. .0 0 percent annually percent annually World 4.0 5.6 • • To feed growing and wealthier To feed growing and wealthier Africa Africa 7.2 7.2 11.5 11.5 world population, required Asia 4.0 5.3 aquaculture growth rate: – 5. Europe 3.1 4.0 .6 6 percent annually percent annually L.A. & C. 4.4 7.6 Ł Insufficiency Insufficiency Northern America 0.4 9.0 Oceania 2.6 7.9 Source: Estimation of FAO/ FI Department

Where do we stand Where do we stand TODAY TODAY FROM THE MORE FOOD FRO OCEANS???

Bridge the supply-demand from … .. MARICULTURE FARMING THE SEAS CAGE Aquaculture Is this a business option???

Finfish aquaculture , especially inland aquaculture of herbivorous and omnivorous finfish species, is the most important sub-sector of aquaculture production in volume terms. It is the source of affordable quality protein food in many developing countries. Geographically tilapias are the most wide spread species for aquaculture production in the world.

The publication launched in China a couple of years ago Focus on projections for the years 2013-2022 FISH?? Food Fish Supply and Demand Gaps 350 Millions metric tonnes 300 S upply from culture (actual) S upply from capture (actual) 250 S upply from culture (potential) 200 S upply from capture (potential) 150 Consumption (actual demand) Demand (2007 level) 100 Demand (population growth only ) The increase 50 Demand (both population and income growth) - will be driven 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024 2028 by aquaculture