T HE C LEAN M ACHINE A GLIMPSE AT REAL WORLD SPRAYER CLEAN OUT - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

THE CLEAN MACHINE… A GLIMPSE AT ‘REAL WORLD’

SPRAYER CLEAN OUT PRACTICES

Thia Walker Colorado State University Extension Specialist-Pesticide Safety Education

• Dr. Delphine Farmer

Colorado State University Department of Chemistry

At the end of the day? At the end of the week? When changing pesticides? When changing sites?

WHEN DO APPLICATORS CLEAN THEIR

SPRAY EQUIPMENT?

Where to do it? How much water to use? What to do with the

rinsates?

Do you need to use tank

cleaners?

WHAT PROCEDURE DO THEY

USE?

SO many issues!

Thia Walker – CSU Extension Specialist

• Dr. Delphine Farmer – CSU, Department of Chemistry

SURVEY & EFFECTIVENESS OF PESTICIDE APPLICATION EQUIPMENT CLEANOUT METHODS HICAHS RESEARCH PROJECT

• Part 1: Survey
• Demographic info & opinions on

cleaning equipment

• Info about the sprayer you use
• Info on your tank cleaning procedure
• Part 2: Collect samples during

normal cleanout (1 time)

• Volunteer to participate - ‘contact survey’
• What you get/ What we get

RESULTS: TYPES OF APPLICATORS & SITES

46% 46% 40% 30% 30% 28%

Commercial Applicators

(n=433)

Ag weed T/O weed ROW Ag Insects Rangeland

• Orn. insect/Plant disease

94% 58% 40% 22% 43%

Private Applicators

(n=440)

Weed Insect Plant disease Rangeland ROW

SURVEY RESULTS:

4% 12% 84%

All Applicators Years of Experience

(n=584)

Less than 1 year 1-3 years More than 3 years 5% 96%

Types of applications

(n=611)

Aerial Ground

AT ANYTIME OVER THE LAST 5 YEARS,

HAVE YOU OBSERVED SYMPTOMS TO OFF-TARGET PLANTS? (n=608)

Yes

16%

No

84%

RESULTS: CONCERNS ABOUT CLEANING EQUIPMENT

The majority found the following

‘NOT IMPORTANT’

Time Consuming (n=596) Too much ‘downtime’ for equipment (n=593) Cost of tank cleaning additives (n=598)

The majority found the following

‘VERY IMPORTANT’

No suitable place to clean sprayer (n=600) Limited availability of clean water (n=600) Limited place to put rinsates during cleaning

(n=596)

Difficulty in thoroughly rinsing sprayer tank

(n=592)

RESULTS: HOW OFTEN DO YOU CLEAN YOUR SPRAYER? (n=587)

When switching types of pesticide (60%) When switching sites (31%) At end of season as part of winterizing equipment (37%) At the end of each day’s use (22%)

RESULTS: HOW LONG DOES YOUR TANK

CLEANING PROCEDURE TAKE? (n=591)

Less than 30 minutes (30%) 30 minutes to 1 hour (53%) More than 1 hour (18%)

RESULTS: WHERE IS EQUIPMENT CLEANED?

At the application site (n=598)

Most times (38%) Occasionally (25%) Never (37%)

At the facility where sprayer is stored

(n=597)

Most times (53%) Occasionally (29%) Never (18%)

RESULTS: HOW DO YOU DISPOSE OF RINSATES FROM

TANK CLEANING?

23% 71% 23%

Applicators (n=582)

Pull the plug & let it drain Apply to labeled application site Store for future use

RESULTS: PROCEDURES

Which procedure do you typically use? (n=599)

Run water through, then water + tank

cleaner + final rinse with water (50%)

Run water through system, followed by water

+ tank cleaner (14%)

Just run water through system (34%)

pesticidestewardship.org

36% 35% 17% 13%

How full do you fill the tank? (n=593)

Less than 1/3 1/3-1/2 full More than 1/2 full Completely full

RESULTS: PPE

92% 8%

Commercial applicators: Do you wear PPE when cleaning the sprayer? (n=416)

Yes No 87% 13%

All applicators: Do you wear PPE when cleaning the sprayer? (n=595)

Yes No 85% 15%

Private applicators: Do you wear PPE when cleaning the sprayer? (n=431)

Yes No

RESULTS: ADDITIVES

48% 40% 14% 9%

What additives do you use? (n=591)

Just Water Commercial tank cleaner Ammonia Bleach

WEBSITE FOR ADJUVANTS

HTTP://WWW.HERBICIDE-ADJUVANTS.COM

Van Diest’s

Complex phosphates, sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, monocyclic terpenes, and nonionic surfactant

• Part 1: Survey
• Demographic info & opinions on cleaning

equipment

• Info about the sprayer you use
• Info on your tank cleaning procedure
• Part 2: Collect samples during
• normal cleanout (1 time)
• Volunteer to participate - ‘contact survey’
• What you get/ What we get

PART 2 - COLLECTING SAMPLES

Approved by IRB Participants provided with: 6 Sampling jars

Water source Spray sol’n Rinse 1, Rinse 2, Rinse 3 Tank cleaner

Shipping box /packing

tape, ship label for return to CSU

Paperwork to document

info about equipment, pesticides in tank, and procedure used

STILL COLLECTING DATA!

By August, 26 samples had been

returned…

Of the 8 analyzed, 2 indicate that the

procedures were NOT adequate!

RESULTS OF

PESTICIDE SAMPLING

Average cleanout efficiency was 95% Chemicals recently used:

Glyphosate 2,4-D Dicamba Aminopyralid Picloram Metsulfuron-methyl Clopyralid

Comparing final rinse analysis to MCL for

drinking water

IS NUMBER OF RINSES IMPORTANT?

FINAL RINSE CONCENTRATIONS:

Sample 23: 1 rinse, no tank cleaner (15 gal tank) 2,4-D

94.5%

Dicamba

96.2%

Sample 36: 2 rinses, tank cleaner (25 gal tank) 2,4-D

99.6%

Dicamba

99.8%

Sample 1: 3 rinses, no tank cleaner (150 gal tank) 2,4-D

99.7%

Dicamba

99.9%

Sample 7: 3 rinses, tank cleaner (1000 gal tank) 2,4-D

99.7%

Dicamba

99.8%

PESTICIDE REMOVAL BY RINSE

Sample 36: 2 rinses, no tank cleaner (25 gal tank) 2,4-D

94.0% 99.6%

Dicamba

96.8% 99.8%

Sample 17: 3 rinses, no tank cleaner (30 gal tank) 2,4-D

91.5% 90.2% 97.2%

Dicamba

98.6% 99.1% 100%

Chlorsulfuron

96.7% 99.8% 100%

Sample 42: 3 rinses, tank cleaner (390 gal tank) 2,4-D

84.2% 94.5% 99.8%

Dicamba

88.4% 99.5% 100%

Aminopyralid

94.4% 99.9% 100%

Picloram

91.7% 99.2% 99.9%

COLORADO CLEANOUT STUDY

17% of the samples had 2,4-D &

dicamba detected that wasn’t indicated as part of the tank solution sampled!

2 had NO Glyphosate, NO tank cleaner

(2,4-D)

2 had Glyphosate + tank cleaner

(2,4-D & dicamba)

4 used adjuvants in tank mix:

Wipeout, COC, Class Act, Induce pH, Brewer 90/10, Activate (2,4-D in one, dicamba in the other 3)

CONTAMINANTS IN

WATER SOURCE?

Some samples had contaminants in

the water used to cleanout!

2,4-D

442.5 ppb

Dicamba

235.9 ppb

Picloram

237.5 ppb

Metsulfuron

132.1 ppb

DOES SIZE OF TANK MATTER? ARE SMALL TANKS EASIER?

300 gal tank, 3 rinses, no tank cleaner

60/40/40 rinse

2,4-D 99.9% removed Dicamba 100% removed Fluroxypyr 100% removed Mecoprop 100% removed

300 gal tank, 2 rinses, tank cleaner

100/ rinse

2,4-D 98.7% removed Dicamba 99.9% removed Imazapyr 99.9% removed

DOES SIZE OF TANK MATTER? LARGE TANKS

1000 gal tank, 3 rinses

250/rinse

2,4-D 99.7% removed Dicamba 99.9% removed

1200 gal tank, 2 rinses (no tank cleaner)

300/rinse

2,4-D 91.6% removed

1200 gal tank, 3 rinses

75-100/rinse

2,4-D 99.7% removed Dicamba 99.8% removed

1500 gal tank, 3 rinses

100/rinse

2,4-D 98.4% removed Dicamba 100% removed

WHERE DO YOU PUT

ALL THAT RINSATE?

1000 gal tank, 3 rinses

250/rinse

750 GALLONS

1200 gal tank, 2 rinses

300/rinse

600 GALLONS

1200 gal tank, 3 rinses

75-100/rinse

225-300 GALLONS

1500 gal tank, 3 rinses

100/rinse

300 GALLONS

Don’t contaminate water sources!

HOW MANY THINGS ARE YOU PUTTING IN

THE TANK?

1200 gal tank, 3 rinses 100/400/300

2,4-D 73.4% removed Dicamba 98.4% removed metsulfuron 99.4% removed But also had COC Class Act (AMS) Glyphosate

TANK MIXES…

Number of Products per tank mix One – 3 samples Two – 11 samples Three – 35 samples Four – 4 samples Number of Active Ingredients per tank mix Two – 9 samples Three – 19 samples Four – 14 samples Five – 4 samples Six – 1 sample Seven – 2 samples Eight – 2 samples

THINGS TO REMEMBER WHEN TANK

MIXING….

Use PPE for the most ‘restrictive’ product Purestand (metsulfuron)

CAUTION

Rifle (dicamba)

WARNING

Grazon P & D (picloram & 2,4-D)

DANGER

Watch for MAXIMUM seasonal or crop cycle rates

& potential for accumulation!

Trimec plus MEC Amine D (2,4-D, dicamba, MCPP)

Maximum seasonal limits on 2,4-D and dicamba a.e.

ManKocide plus Kocide (Cu Hydroxide – 30% Cu)

Cu doesn’t breakdown - it can accumulate!

WHAT DID WE LEARN SO FAR?....

Number of rinses? 3 rinses, most below detection Cleaning agent? Possibly helps…choose the

appropriate one…

Other products used in tank mix? Surfactants,

COC might ‘loosen’ some residues in hard-to-clean places in the tank, impacting subsequent applications

Agitation during cleaning cycles seems to help Read labels for cleaning instructions – generics?

Page 5 of 29

Page 10 of 48

TRAINING & INTERVENTION…

Emphasize it is a Handler activity requiring PPE –

choose PPE based on pesticide or cleaner

Three rinses are effective at removing most of

residues

Applicators must choose appropriate sites for cleaning Amount of water to use should be based on size of

tank and ability to disposes of rinsates.

Tank rinsing nozzles can be

used to improve cleanout, boom modification may be necessary.

Inline filters and screens should be

cleaned and hoses/boom lines check for cracks

Thia.walker@colostate.edu

Questions or Comments? ALWAYS welcome!