Sustaining Chinatown Building System Upgrades: Mechanical Presented - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sustaining Chinatown Building System Upgrades: Mechanical Presented - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sustaining Chinatown Building System Upgrades: Mechanical Presented by: Systems and Energy Conservation Joe Higgins, PE Historic Preservation Summer Series 2016 Division Manager, Historic Hawaii Foundation Associate Principal for the

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Sustaining Chinatown

Building System Upgrades: Mechanical Systems and Energy Conservation Historic Preservation Summer Series 2016 Historic Hawaii Foundation

for the

Chinatown Improvement District

June 8, 2016

Presented by: Joe Higgins, PE Division Manager, Associate Principal Allana Buick & Bers

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June 8, 2016

Building System Upgrades: Mechanical Systems and Energy Conservation

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June 8, 2016

All Allan ana a Buick Buick & & Bers, Bers, Inc Inc.

  • Architectural-Engineering Firm
  • Established in 1987 – 29 Years
  • Multi-Disciplined

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Architects

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Structural Engineers

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Mechanical Engineers

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Electrical Engineers

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Civil Engineers

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Building Envelope Experts

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Solar Consultants

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Construction Administrators

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Project Managers

  • 100 Employees
  • 10 Offices

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Honolulu, Palo Alto, Oakland, Sacramento, Los Angeles, Irvine, Las Vegas, Seattle, New York, Charlotte AFTER

Palo Alto Honolulu in The Block – Richards Building

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June 8, 2016

All Allan ana a Buick Buick & & Bers, Bers, Inc Inc.

AFTER

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June 8, 2016

All Allan ana a Buick Buick & & Bers, Bers, Inc Inc.

AFTER

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June 8, 2016

All Allan ana a Buick Buick & & Bers, Bers, Inc Inc.

AFTER

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June 8, 2016

Le Learn arning ing Objec Objectives tives

  • What are typical Mechanical System projects that

will need to be undertaken through the course of time?

  • How does the Energy Code developments affect

historical buildings?

  • How does the evaluation process work? What can

it cost?

  • What incentives are available to defray these

assessments or the implementation of these improvements?

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June 8, 2016

ASHRAE ASHRAE an and USGBC d USGBC

  • ASHRAE = (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-

Conditioning Engineers) provides baseline standards and research

  • USGBC = United States Green Building Council which uses

ASHRAE’s standards as part of their evaluation toolbox to quantify building performance and assign numeric quality thresholds (Platinum, Gold, Silver, etc…)

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June 8, 2016

Sta State o te of H f Hawa awai` i`i Mo i Mode del l En Energ ergy y Cod Code

  • In July 2015, the Hawaii State Building Code Council unanimously

approved the 2015 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC) with

  • amendments. The code sets energy efficiency requirements for both

residential and commercial buildings.

  • Until each county adopts the 2015 IECC, the counties of Hawaii, Maui

and Honolulu enforce the 2006 IECC; Kauai, the 2009 IECC. However, the prevailing codes are a minimum, and designers and builders may follow the 2015 IECC.

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June 8, 2016

Sta State o te of H f Hawa awai` i`i Mo i Mode del l En Energ ergy y Cod Code

What does the code say regards Historic Buildings?

101.4.2 Historic Buildings. Any building or structure that is listed in the State or National Register

  • f Historic Places; designated as a historic property under local or state

designation law or survey; certified as a contributing resource with a National Register listed locally or designated historic district; or with an

  • pinion or certification that the property is eligible to be listed on the

National or State Registers of Historic Places either individually or as a contributing building to a historic district by the State Historic Preservation Officer or the Keeper of the National Register of Historic Places

ARE EXEMPT FROM THIS CODE

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June 8, 2016

Sta State o te of H f Hawa awai` i`i Mo i Mode del l En Energ ergy y Cod Code

What About Energy Efficiency?

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June 8, 2016 12

App Approp ropriate riate Se Selec lection tion of AC

  • f AC Eq

Equip uipme ment nt

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June 8, 2016 13

App Approp ropriate riate Se Selec lection tion of AC

  • f AC Eq

Equip uipme ment nt

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June 8, 2016 14

  • Air Conditioning Systems
  • Programmable thermostats or BAS systems
  • Duct air leakage
  • Proper air supply temperature – 52 to 55 degrees
  • Improved mechanical cooling systems
  • Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF)
  • Mini Splits
  • Proper air distribution through location of grilles
  • Proper integration into Building Envelope

Po Poss ssible ible En Energ ergy Con y Conse serva rvation tion Mea Measu sures res (ECMs) (ECMs)

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June 8, 2016 15

  • Define chilled water operating set points which meet space needs

while operating at higher efficiencies

  • Define hot water set points which reduce source fuel consumption
  • Define domestic water booster pump settings which meet occupant

needs with lower operating costs

  • Define space temperature set points which result in lower energy

usage

  • Define lighting schedules which reduce energy

Po Poss ssible ible En Energ ergy Con y Conse serva rvation tion Mea Measu sures res (ECMs) (ECMs)

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June 8, 2016 16

  • Most of these measures can be performed to mitigate visual impacts

by mounting equipment away from Historical view planes.

  • Minimize the amount of penetrations made through the structures roof

by utilizing systems such as split type AC that mitigate those penetrations and can be mounted on the interior without obtrusive ductwork or dropped ceilings that compromise the original interior architecture.

  • Eliminate through wall or window-mounted air conditioners which

compromise the façade aesthetics and historical integrity.

ECMs ECMs in Hi in Histo storic ric Stru Structu ctures res

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June 8, 2016 17

  • Replacement of lighting (LED upgrades)
  • LED Lighting is not Plug n Play
  • Photometrics is key
  • Power over Ethernet (POE) is latest LED twist
  • Upgrade fixtures consistent with culture and age of the building

Po Poss ssible ible En Energ ergy Con y Conse serva rvation tion Mea Measu sures res (ECMs) (ECMs)

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June 8, 2016 18

  • Daylighting with Natural Light
  • Promote open space concepts
  • Use motion sensors on lights

Po Poss ssible ible En Energ ergy Con y Conse serva rvation tion Mea Measu sures res (ECMs) (ECMs)

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June 8, 2016 19

Emerging Emerging Energ Energy y Str Strategies ategies To To Lower Demand Lower Demand Char Charges ges

50 100 150 4 8 12 16 20 24

Shave It

50 100 150 4 8 12 16 20 24

Shed It

50 100 150 4 8 12 16 20 24

Shift It

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June 8, 2016 20

Time of Use (TOU) pricing: TOU Rates available now for medium sized users – Up to 300kW Demand (TOU J) Expect TOU rates for all HECO tariffs within 2 – 3 years

Sh Shif ifting Te ting Tech chno nologies logies Requ Require T ire Time ime Of Of Use Use Prici Pricing ng

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June 8, 2016

Periods $ / kW $/ kWh Priority Peak $18.69 0.2197 Mid-Peak $11.69 0.1897 Off-Peak 0.16

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Store Energy When It’s Cheap, Use It When It’s Ex Expe pensive nsive

Off-Peak Store Priority Peak Use

50 100 150 4 8 12 16 20 24

Shift It - Weekday - HECO TOU-J

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June 8, 2016 22

On-site behind-the-meter Battery Energy Storage

Wha What D t Do

  • Battery

Battery Sto Storag rage e Sy Systems Lo stems Look

  • k Like

Like?

54kW / 108 kWh 30kW / 60 kWh 200kW / 400 kWh

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June 8, 2016 23

Power Conditioning and Power Shaving

Wha What D t Do

  • Sh

Shavin aving g Sy Systems stems Loo Look k Like Like?

30kW / 60 kWh 200kW / 400 kWh

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June 8, 2016 24

The Vast Ocean Of Vendors…

Advanced Controls,

Commissioned Properly/Regularly

Smart/ Optimized Demand Response Energy Storage Solar PV

Efficient Lighting Efficient HVAC Design

v http://tandem-solar-systems.com/wp- content/uploads/2015/10/enhphase-logo.png v

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June 8, 2016 25

Energy Master Planning

  • Comprehensive plan for managing energy and related expenses
  • Roadmap for capital deployment, expense reduction and value

creation

  • Spans: procurement, use, measurement, management, finance &

sponsorship

  • Living Document
  • Communicate goals and plan to all stakeholders and incorporate feedback

Key Concept: “Conservation & Storage Before Generation”

  • Optimize whole system, not each part in a vacuum
  • Deployment order matters

1. Energy Efficiency & Conservation 2. Energy Storage 3. Generation

Wha What I t Is En s Energ ergy Master y Master Plan Planning ning

Measure Plan Implement Evaluate

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June 8, 2016 26

The ASHRAE Level-1 audit is intended to help the energy team understand where the building performs relative to its peers; establish a baseline for measuring improvements; deciding whether further evaluation is warranted; and if so, where and how to focus that effort. The Level-1 audit also will outline the range of potential financial incentives available from Federal, State, Local, and Utility sources.

En Energ ergy y Aud Audits its – ASHRAE ASHRAE Le Leve vel-1

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June 8, 2016 27

The Level-2 project starts with the findings of the Level-1 audit

  • Evaluates the building energy systems in detail to define a variety of

potential energy-efficiency improvements. (ECM’s)

  • Can include the Building Envelope, Lighting, Heating, Ventilation, and

Air Conditioning (HVAC), Domestic Hot Water (DHW), Plug Loads, and Compressed Air and Process Uses (for manufacturing, service, or processing facilities).

En Energ ergy y Aud Audits its – ASHRAE ASHRAE Le Leve vel-2

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June 8, 2016 28

Some of the system upgrades or retrofits revealed by the Level-2 audit may require significant investments of capital, personnel, and other limited resources. Before making this level of investment, the Owner will want to have a much more thorough and detailed understanding

  • f the benefits, costs, and performance expectations. This is the

purpose of the “investment-grade” Level-3 ASHRAE audit.

En Energ ergy y Aud Audits its – ASHRAE ASHRAE Le Leve vel-3

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June 8, 2016

Ex Existi isting ng H HVA VAC C –Retro Retro Commissioning Commissioning

  • Assessment of equipment
  • Evaluation of facility needs
  • Development of system operation plan

to meet facility needs

  • Execute the plan

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June 8, 2016

Budg Budget Costs et Costs

  • ENERGY AUDITS

– BEWTEEN $0.50 AND $1.00 PER SQ FT

  • COMMISSIONING

– BEWTEEN $1.00 AND $2.00 PER SQ FT

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June 8, 2016

  • Hawaii Energy offers incentive Incentives to conduct Level I and

Level II Energy Audits.

  • A Level I Energy Audit identifies all of the electrical power

consuming elements of the building.

  • A Level II Audit identifies Energy Conservation Measures which

lower the use of electrical power consumption in the building

  • Hawaii Energy offers incentives for
  • Lighting
  • Retro Commissioning
  • HVAC Improvements
  • Sub-Metering
  • Many others

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Hawai` Hawai`i E i Ene nergy Inc rgy Incen entives tives

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June 8, 2016

Plumb Plumbing ing Sy System Fa stem Fail ilure ures

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  • Supply Water , Waste

and Vent Piping Replacement

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June 8, 2016

Su Supp pply ly Wate Water P r Pipe ipe Issu Issues Di es Disco scovere vered

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The green scale is a copper ‘precipitant’ which forms when there pinhole leaks or water drips from another pipe. Asbestos?

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June 8, 2016

Conc Concea ealed led Pipe Pipe Fa Fail ilure ures

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Solder joints in 40 year old ½” copper pipe – fell apart at joints due to poor soldering. Pipe replacement costs most likely not in repair budgets.

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June 8, 2016

Con Conce ceale aled d Valve Valve Fa Fail ilure ures

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In original construction, brass screws (code then, and now, requires a copper fastener) created a “galvanic reaction” which caused copper to corrode and fail.

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June 8, 2016

Con Conce ceale aled d Drain Drain Pip Pipe F e Failure ailure

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Hub Connectors

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June 8, 2016

Con Conce ceale aled d Drain Drain Pip Pipe F e Failure ailures

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Clogged pipes retain water, accelerating

  • corrosion. Soap and

grease buildup has reduced pipe area by 90%. Drain lines should be “snaked” on a regular basis.

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June 8, 2016

Plumb Plumbing ing Replac Replaceme ement nt Cons Considera iderations tions

  • Restoration of finishes
  • Current codes require modifications
  • Water conservation
  • Hazardous Materials
  • Original plumbing cleanouts do not facilitate proper maintenance
  • f the drain and waste piping
  • Original plumbing did not contain adequate service valves to

facilitate repairs

  • Repairs may mean complete shutdown of water at fixtures for

extended periods of time

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June 8, 2016 39

How How is Yo is Your ur Roo Roof f Doing Doing?

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June 8, 2016

Ot Othe her Me r Mech chan anical ical Sy System Upgrad stem Upgrades es

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  • Roof Drains and Integral Downspouts
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June 8, 2016 41

Questions?

Building System Upgrades: Mechanical Systems and Energy Conservation