Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge (Called the Super Watt because of the - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge (Called the Super Watt because of the high torque it places on the generators) US Patent Number 8823196-Apparatus of Wave Generators and a Mooring System to Generate Electricity Introduction: Barges provide the lowest cost horizontal surface area for swell wave force collection. Light barges will ride the wave crest. The barges vertical mooring legs will reduce some of the barge’s vertical motion by turning direct drive wind turbine generators located onboard. Under storm conditions, the vertical mooring system loads are limited by multiple methods and the horizontal mooring system takes over for storm survival. Wave Catcher Barges can be installed almost anywhere in the world, in almost any water depth. Long period swell waves, found all over the world, lift up the flat bottom barges and their vertical mooring legs turn their generators. Each barge is sized for the local environmental conditions. A barge equipped with four 10 megawatt direct drive wind turbine generators will have a power output capacity of 40 megawatts. These barges can export power to local power hubs for conversion and transmission to end users or can be connected directly to their end users. Barges can be towed to location and connected to their pre-installed mooring systems and their power cable in less than a day. Personnel can access the barges by helicopter or crew boat and maintain the equipment located in a safe dry above water environment. Barges are low profile making them difficult to see from shore resulting in minimum visual pollution. Barges cause no harm to the marine life since they have no moving parts in the water. Barges can survive a 100 year return period storm event. Barges use proven existing components for short project schedules. Barges can be disconnected in a day for major onshore refurbishment. The near shore Wave Catcher Barge power farm with fixed headings into the prevailing waves, a stagger barge layout that prevents shadowing, a well spaced layout allowing maintenance vessel access provides maximum power generation and optimum CAPEX and OPEX. July 31, 2015 1

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Presentation Contents 1. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case Component Names and Functions a) Barge b) Mooring system c) Articulated Pulleys d) Uni-Direction Pulleys With Recoil Springs e) Flywheels f) Generators 2. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Principles of Operation 3. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Mooring System Options a) Fixed Types ( Direct, Clump Weight, Horizontal, Taunt ) b) Weathervaning Types (Turret, Single Point Mooring ) 4. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Dimensions 5. Details Of The Various Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Component Functions 6. A Vertical Mooring System for Power Generation and A Horizontal Mooring System Extreme Storm Survival 7. Summary of Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge 8. Special Features of the Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge July 31, 2015 2

1. Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case Component Names and Functions The Base Case uses both a vertical mooring system for power generation and a horizontal mooring system. The horizontal mooring system provides the following functions: 1. It allows the barges to be initially quickly connected and made safe. 2. It allows the barge to be positioned in the most favorable horizontal location above its vertical mooring system for connection of the vertical power belts to their preinstalled vertical mooring legs . 3. It allows the barge to remotely or automatically maintain its vertical mooring legs as vertical as possible for maximum power output. 4. It allows the vertical mooring system’s load to be reduced remotely or automatically to a minimum prior to or during a storm event and allows the barge to ride out all storms events, including a 100 year storm event, on only its horizontal mooring system. Methods of vertical mooring system load limitation include: 1. Disengaging , remotely or automatically ,of the uni-directional pulley from the flywheel. 2. Passive disconnection of the power belt to vertical mooring system under high load. 3. Vertical mooring system’s gravity weight anchors lifted off the seabed prior to the vertical mooring system’s mooring legs reaching maximum design load. This is insured by sizing the gravity weight anchors to be lighter than the vertical mooring system’s maximum mooring leg design load. July 31, 2015 3

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case (Called the Super Watt because of the high torque it places on the generators) Flywheels store momentum and keep the generators turning Maintenance crew access by helicopter or crew boat & Equipment is in dry work in dry enclosure watertight enclosure Four large wind turbine type Four Uni-Direction Pulleys generators With Recoil Springs Large conventional barges collects very large Articulated vertical wave force and provides the lowest cost/ton steel fabrication pulleys in each corner wet room Reinforced rubber vertical mooring belts turn generators The horizontal mooring system is for extreme cyclonic event survival. It also onboard and are not required for extreme storm survival. maintains the vertical mooring near vertical during normal operations. Barge air weight (~2,000 MT), Barge equipment (~1,000 MT). A tug can install or remove the barge in less than a day. July 31, 2015 4

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case Components Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Horizontal Polyester Mooring Rope Spring Buoy Reinforced Rubber Belts Umbilical in Lazy S Configuration Vertical Polyester Mooring Rope Export Power Cable Suction Piles, Driven Piles Or Gravity Anchors Gravity weight anchors directly below the barge are sized to stay on the seabed during normal wave conditions, but lift off the seabed as final method of preventing vertical mooring leg overload. Spring buoys minimize vessel offset in normal and extreme sea conditions and impose minimum vertical load on the barge during normal wave loading allowing maximum barge vertical motion and maximum power generation. Spring buoys maintain the vertical and horizontal polyester mooring rope in tension at all times preventing snatch loading and thus the initial still water preload shown above in the horizontal mooring system. July 31, 2015 5

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case Isometric Top View Horizontal Polyester Mooring Rope Vertical Polyester Mooring Rope The Base Case horizontal mooring system shown above assumes more spring buoys at the bow than the stern and a one horizontal mooring line broken case. July 31, 2015 6

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case Close Up Sea Level View Power Belts Subsurface Buoys Vertical Polyester Mooring Ropes When the vertical polyester mooring ropes are pre-installed, they are left supported below the water’s surface by subsurface buoys. After the barge is moored to its horizontal mooring system, an ROV connects the power belts to the subsurface buoys’ top connectors. These connectors can also be load limit connectors and further insure no vertical mooring system overload. 7 July 31, 2015

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case Below Sea Level View Power Belts Horizontal Polyester Mooring Rope Subsurface buoys keep the vertical polyester mooring rope under tension at all times with or without the power belts attached. The buoys are Vertical Polyester located far enough below the water’s so they do not come in contact with Mooring Rope the articulated pulleys during the 100 year return period event. Reinforced Rubber Belts Reinforced rubber belts are likely to be used since they have proven long lives in all sorts of applications including car and truck engines. Rubber is also resistant to sea water corrosion. Offshore platforms have successfully used reinforced rubber coatings in the splash zone areas for decades. Rubber's long term resistance to seawater is best indicated by airplanes on the decks of sunken World War II aircraft carriers that still have air in their tires. July 31, 2015 8

Super Watt Wave Catcher Barge Base Case Farm Isometric View Power Cable Network (Protected Under Barges) 267m ( Spacing Between Barges) Most wave power farms are expected to be near shore and near a community that can use the power yet a few miles from shore so they are not easily seen from shore. Since the Wave Catcher Barges converts the power of swell waves and since swell waves have a narrow range of prevailing wave headings, it is very likely that the most favorable initial mooring system for a Wave Catcher Barges will be the illustrated fixed heading mooring with the barge's longitudinal axis in line with the middle of the prevailing range of swell wave headings at the chosen site. The farm will extract some of the power from the waves but not all of the power so the farm does not change the shoreline environment or the wild life habitats. Thus a limited number of Wave Catcher Barge rows are expected, as illustrated. July 31, 2015 9