Slide 1 / 112 Slide 2 / 112 New Jersey Center for Teaching and Learning Progressive Science Initiative Structure of Matter This material is made freely available at www.njctl.org and is intended for the non-commercial use of and Its Properties students and teachers. These materials may not be used for any commercial purpose without the written permission of the owners. NJCTL maintains its website for the convenience of teachers who wish to Classwork and make their work available to other teachers, participate in a virtual professional learning community, and/or provide access to course Homework materials to parents, students and others. Click to go to website: www.njctl.org www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 112 Slide 4 / 112 1 If you have one atom of Oxygen and you break it in half, would you still have Oxygen? Explain. Classwork #1: What is Matter? Slide 5 / 112 Slide 6 / 112 2 Draw a model of an atom labeling all of its parts. 3 Explain what would happen if an electron and a On your model, identify which parts have a proton were brought near each other and then positive or negative charge or have no charge. released. Why would this happen?
Slide 7 / 112 Slide 8 / 112 4 How do we define “matter?” Homework: What is Matter? Slide 9 / 112 Slide 10 / 112 5 Can you think of anything that is not matter? 6 What does it mean for a substance to be a “pure substance?” Slide 11 / 112 Slide 12 / 112 7 What subatomic particle has a neutral charge? 8 Where are electrons found in the atom?
Slide 13 / 112 Slide 14 / 112 9 For each item below, identify the appropriate unit of measurement. The choices for the unit of measurement are: volume (V), weight (W), mass (M) or both mass and weight (MW). Classwork #2: How Do We Measure Matter? A Amount of water in a pool B Force of gravity on an apple C Kilograms D Amount of matter in a stone E Newton F Measured with a graduated cylinder G Cubic meters Slide 15 / 112 Slide 16 / 112 9 (continued) 10 Rank your weight on the surface of each of these For each item below, identify the appropriate unit of locations from greatest to least. Justify your measurement. The choices for the unit of measurement ranking to the right of the table. are: volume (V), weight (W), mass (M) or both mass and weight (MW). Location Ranking Moon H Length x Width x Height Jupiter Mercury I Amount of juice in an orange Earth J Pounds K Depends on location in a gravitational field L Grams M Measured with a Scale N Liters Slide 17 / 112 Slide 18 / 112 11 Describe how you would find the volume of the empty vase below. Note that the vase is too large to fit in a standard graduated cylinder. Homework: How Do We Measure Matter?
Slide 19 / 112 Slide 20 / 112 12 How many grams would be in 10 kilograms? 13 A block has a mass of 10 kg on Earth and a weight of 60 lbs. What would its mass and weight be on the moon? Slide 21 / 112 Slide 22 / 112 14 A box has a length of 10 cm, a width of 8.5 cm 15 An irregular object is placed in 50 mL of water and a height of 5.5 cm. What is its volume? and the water level rises to 72 mL. What is the volume of the object? Slide 23 / 112 Slide 24 / 112 16 Explain why the following statement is incorrect and then correct it: The apple weighs 1 kilogram. Classwork #3: Elements of the Periodic Table
Slide 25 / 112 Slide 26 / 112 17 What did Mendeleev use to organize his first 18 What is the symbol for Magnesium? Periodic Table of Elements? Slide 27 / 112 Slide 28 / 112 19 Which element is represented by the symbol C? 20 What period is Hydrogen (H) located in? Slide 29 / 112 Slide 30 / 112 21 What group is Sulfur (S) located in? 22 Pick another atom with similar characteristics for each of these elements: A Fluorine (F) B Oxygen (O)
Slide 31 / 112 Slide 32 / 112 23 How is the modern Periodic Table of Elements arranged? Homework: Elements of the Periodic Table Slide 33 / 112 Slide 34 / 112 24 Use your Periodic Table to answer the following 25 Suppose an element had an atomic number of 52. How many protons would that element have? questions about Helium (He): A Atomic number? B Element Symbol? C Atomic Mass? D Number of protons? E Period? F Group? G Number of electrons in outer shell? Slide 35 / 112 Slide 36 / 112 26 Using your Periodic Table, what element has an 27 Using your Periodic Table, which element has atomic number of 65? more protons: Nickel or Iodine? How do you know? A Nickel B Iodine
Slide 37 / 112 Slide 38 / 112 28 Which element is represented by the symbol W? 29 What period is Silver (Ag) located in? Slide 39 / 112 Slide 40 / 112 30 What group is Xenon (Xe) located in? 31 Pick another atom with similar characteristics for each of these elements: A Potassium (K) B Krypton (Kr) C Strontium (Sr) D Gold (Au) Slide 41 / 112 Slide 42 / 112 32 An unidentified clear liquid substance is found in the chemistry lab. One of your lab partners claims it is simply water while the other thinks it is isopropyl alcohol. Classwork #4: Physical Properties A What physical properties would NOT be helpful in identifying the substance and why? B Explain which physical properties could be used to identify the substance and how you and your lab partners would test these physical properties.
Slide 43 / 112 Slide 44 / 112 33 Describe the physical properties of a tent that are 34 You are given a mixture composed of finely important if you are going camping for the ground salt and pepper and coarse sand. Explain weekend. For each physical property described, how the physical properties of each item can help explain why it is important. you separate them. Slide 45 / 112 Slide 46 / 112 35 Explain what physical properties of metal would be a good choice of material for each of these products and why: Homework: Physical Properties A Cooking Pot B Power lines C Refrigerator door Slide 47 / 112 Slide 48 / 112 37 For each item below, choose the most appropriate 36 Describe how the difference between metals and term. In some cases, you may have more than one nonmetals can be detected. term listed: compound (C), molecule (M), element (E) or atom (A). A _____ Basic unit of an element B _____ Water C _____ Pure substance D _____ Smallest part of a compound E _____ O 3 F _____ salt
Slide 49 / 112 Slide 50 / 112 37 (continued) 38 Write the name of the family that is described in a-g: For each item below, choose the most appropriate term. In some cases, you may have more than one A Does not react with other elements term listed: compound (C), molecule (M), element (E) or atom (A). B End in -ine G _____ Carbon C React by losing 2 electrons H _____ Two or more elements chemically bonded together D Poor conductor of electricity I _____ The subscripts in H 2 0 E 1 electron in the outer shell J _____ C 6 H 12 0 6 F Contains many unstable elements that do not occur naturally on earth K _____ one or more atoms that are chemically bonded together G Can be mixed with other metals to make alloys Slide 51 / 112 Slide 52 / 112 39 CaCO 3 , CO 2 , CuSO 4 , NaHCO 3 40 What is the ratio of Sodium (Na) to Chlorine (Cl) atoms in the chemical formula NaCl? Rank the compounds listed above from greatest to least based on: A The number of different elements. B The total number of atoms. Slide 53 / 112 Slide 54 / 112 41 The ratio of Carbon to Oxygen atoms in Carbon 42 The molecule commonly known as Acetylene Dioxide is 1:2. How would you write its formula? (C 2 H 2 ) is made up of what types of atoms (and how many of each)?
Slide 55 / 112 Slide 56 / 112 43 The molecule commonly known as Nutrasweet (C 14 H 18 N 2 O 5 ) is made up of what types of atoms (and how many of each)? Classwork #5: Density Slide 57 / 112 Slide 58 / 112 44 Complete the table below. Show your 45 Can a sample of an element be identified by its mathematical work on another sheet of paper. A mass alone? Why or why not? periodic table displaying the density of elements is provided to help you. Mass (g) Volume(cm 3 ) Density (g/cm 3 ) Element 345.5 356.1 155.3 57.5 94.2 4.54 10.13 2.7 59.6 7.13 4.88 3.14 53.6 23 Slide 59 / 112 Slide 60 / 112 46 Suppose you had samples of equal mass for 47 You have one 3g sample of Nickel and one 3g every element on the periodic table. sample of Manganese. A Which elemental sample would contain atoms that are the A Which sample takes up more physical space? Justify your most closely packed together? Justify your answer. answer. B The least closely packed? Justify your answer. B Would either sample float in water? Why or why not?
Slide 61 / 112 Slide 62 / 112 48 A graduated cylinder is filled with 50mL of water. A sample of gold with a mass of 39.5 grams is dropped into the water. What will be the new water level on the graduated cylinder? Justify your answer. Homework: Density Students type their answers here For each question below, show your work and/or justify your answer. Slide 63 / 112 Slide 64 / 112 49 What is the density of a piece of wood that has a 50 I threw a plastic ball in the pool for my dog to mass of 25.0 grams and a volume of 29.4 cm 3 ? fetch. The mass of the ball was 125 grams. What must the volume be to have a density of 0.500 g/mL? (I want it to float of course!) Slide 65 / 112 Slide 66 / 112 51 What is the mass of a 12cm 3 sample of pure 52 A piece of wood that measures 3.0 cm by 6.0 cm silicon with a density of 9 g/cm 3 ? by 4.0 cm has a mass of 80.0 grams. What is the density of the wood? Would the piece of wood float in water? (Hint: recall how to determine the volume of a rectangular shaped object)
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