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Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Matter Volume - PDF document

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Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Matter Volume Mass Weight Atom Molecule Element Compound Mixture States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas 1 Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and

  1. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Matter Volume Mass Weight Atom Molecule Element Compound Mixture States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas 1

  2. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter I.Matter has MASS and VOLUME a. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space (volume) 2

  3. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Matter is made of up of tiny particles called ATOMS 3

  4. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Everything in the universe is either MATTER OR ENERGY For example light does not have MASS or take up space ( VOLUME ) Therefore light is energy! 4

  5. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Matter comes in 4 major forms: SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, GASSES, and PLASMAS 5

  6. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter MASS is a measure of the amount of matter a substance contains. 6

  7. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter The standard unit for mass is the Kilogram ( Kg ). You would use a TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE to measure mass WEIGHT IS NOT mass!!!!!!! 7

  8. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Weight is the force of gravity on an object . Gravity is the force that pulls 2 objects toward each other . 8

  9. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter The standard unit for weight for is NEWTONS (N) A common unit for weight is POUNDS ( lbs ). You use a SCALE to measure weight 9

  10. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Volume is THE AMOUNT OF SPACE AN OBJECT TAKES UP 10

  11. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Calculating the Volume of an object: Formula: Volume of a rectangle Volume = Length X Width X Height Volume = cm X cm X cm = cm 3 11

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  14. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Example: What is the volume of a pizza box that is 8cm high, 38 cm wide and 38 cm long? 14

  15. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Look at the box in the picture below and determine its volume: SHOW ALL WORK 15

  16. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Measuring Volume by Displacement : Often objects are not a regular shape where volume can be easily calculated using a formula. Instead you can use the displacement method 16

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  18. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter Step 1 : Put water into a graduated cylinder and write down the volume: Step 2 : Slow and carefully slide the object you want to measure into the graduated cylinder. Step 3 : Read the new volume on the graduated cylinder. Step 4 : Subtract the volume of the water before from the volume of the water after you added the object. 18

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  23. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter What is the Volume of the Blue Man? show work 23

  24. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter What is the Density of the Blue Man? show work Mass: 2grams 24

  25. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter What is the Density of the Dinosaur? show work 25

  26. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Matter and Energy Chapter 1: Introduction to Matter What is the Density of the Dinosaur? show work 26

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  31. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook A cork and a pebble are each placed in 100mL of water, and each displaces 10mL of water. The cork floats, but the pebble sinks. How do the volumes of the cork and the pebble compare? a. They have same volume b.The cork’s volume is greater c.The pebbles volume is greater d.The volumes cannot be compared using this method 31

  32. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook MATTER IS MADE OF ATOMS a. An atom is the basic unit of all matter . 32

  33. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook b. Example: Humans are a collection of atoms; a chair is a collection of atoms. c. Atoms are so small that a single teaspoon of water contains approximately 500,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 atoms. 33

  34. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook d. Atoms may be small but they do have MASS and are in constant MOTION. 34

  35. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook e. Atoms are made of 3 even smaller particles called: i. PROTONS ­ (+) positive charge, and located in the nucleus. ii. NUETRONS ­ (no) neutral charge, located in the nucleus. iii. Electrons ­ (e­) negative charge, no mass, fly around nucleus. 35

  36. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook f. A molecule is formed when 2 or more atoms are bonded together. i. molecules can be made of atoms that are alike of different ii. Different types of atoms make up ELEMENTS 36

  37. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook iii. WATER for examples is made up of different kinds of atoms. 1. H 2 O = 2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atom 37

  38. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Different molecules can be made up of different amounts of atoms creating different substances (we call these compounds)............ 38

  39. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook CO 2 = Carbon Dioxide SUBSCRIPTS:The small number in the bottom right corner tells you the number of atoms of the element before it. When there is no number it means there is only 1 atom. 39

  40. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 1. CO 2 = Carbon Dioxide a._____ atom(s) of ______________________ _____ atom(s) of _______________________ b.Total number of atoms = ____________ 40

  41. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 1. CO 2 = Carbon Dioxide a.1 atom(s) of Carbon 2 atom(s) of Oxygen b.Total number of atoms = 3 41

  42. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 2. CO = Carbon Monoxide a._____ atom(s) of ______________________ _____ atom(s) of _______________________ b.Total number of atoms = ____________ 42

  43. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 2. CO = Carbon Monoxide a. 1 atom(s) of Carbon 1 atom(s) of Oxygen b.Total number of atoms = 2 43

  44. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 3. C 6 H 12 O 6 = Glucose (Sugar) a._____ atom(s) of ______________________ _____ atom(s) of _______________________ _____ atom(s) of ______________________ ++++ b.Total number of atoms = ____________ 44

  45. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 3. C 6 H 12 O 6 = Glucose (Sugar) a. 6 atom(s) of Carbon 12 atom(s) of Hydrogen 6 atom(s) of Oxygen b.Total number of atoms = 24 45

  46. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 4. O 3 = OZONE! a._____ atom(s) of ______________ b. Total number of atoms = ____________ 46

  47. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 4. O 3 = OZONE! a.3 atom(s) of Oxygen b. Total number of atoms = 3 47

  48. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 5. H 2 SO 4 a._____ atom(s) of ______________________ _____ atom(s) of _______________________ _____ atom(s) of ______________________ b.Total number of atoms = ____________ 48

  49. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 5. H 2 SO 4 a.2 atom(s) of Hydrogen 1 atom(s) of Sulfur 4 atom(s) of Oxygen b.Total number of atoms = 7 49

  50. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 6. HCl ‐ Hydrochloric Acid a._____ atom(s) of ______________________ _____ atom(s) of _______________________ b.Total number of atoms = ____________ 50

  51. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 6. HCl ‐ Hydrochloric Acid a.1 atom(s) of Hydrogen 1 atom(s) of Chlorine b.Total number of atoms = 2 51

  52. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook 1.3: MATTER COMBINES TO FORM DIFFERENT SUBSTANCES PURE SUBSTANCE : has only one component. Elements or Compounds only! Ex: pure water - only water, no minerals or other chemicals MIXTURES: more than one substance in the same place at the same time but not bonded together. Can be separated easily 52

  53. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook Pure Substances are Atoms, Elements, and Compounds Examples: C = Carbon (element 1 atom) CO 2 = Carbon Dioxide: Compound (2 or more atoms bonded together) 53

  54. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook PURE SUBSTANCES ARE......... ATOMS determine the type of substance Ex - a bar of pure gold, is made up of identical "gold" atoms ELEMENTS : a type of pure substance that contains only one type of atoms All the elements are organized on the periodic table on the last page of the chemical interactions text book 54

  55. Matter and Energy Notes.notebook COMPOUND : substance that consists of 2 or more different types of atoms (elements) bonded together. EXAMPLES: H 2 0, HCl, H 2 SO 4 , NaCl, H 2 O 2 55

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