Species richness of Rotifera from the water bodies in the Bulgarian - - PDF document

Beron P. (ed.). Biodiversity of Bulgaria 4. Biodiversity of Western Rhodopes (Bulgaria and Greece) II. Pensoft & Nat. Mus. Natur. Hist., Sofja

Species richness of Rotifera from the water bodies in the Bulgarian part

• f the Rhodope Mountains – South Bulgaria

Dimitar KOŽUHAROV

Kožuharov D. 2011. Species richness of Rotifera from the water bodies in the Bulgarian part of the Rhodope Mountains – South Bulgaria. In: Beron P. (ed) Biodiversity of Bulgaria.

• 4. Biodiversity of Western Rhodope (Bulgaria and Greece) II. Pensoft & Nat. Mus. Natur.
• Hist. Sofja, 21-29.

Abstract: A checklist of the Rotifera Fauna from the Rhodope Mountains with data about the occurrence of the species is presented. Up to date, 53 taxa from different taxonomical levels were recorded from the freshwater bodies in the Rhodope Mountains. Most of these inhabit the pelagic and littoral zones of different types of natural and artifjcial (reservoirs and fjsh farms) water bodies. Only a few of them were found in other types of habitats. Development and the current state of rotifer faunistics in the Rhodope are discussed and suggestions are given, where new rotifer taxa may be found. Keywords: Rotifera, Bulgaria, Rhodope Mountains, distribution, faunistics, checklist

Introduction Tie aim of this study is to summarize the existing data about the Rotifera fauna in the Rhodope Mountains. Also, some new data about the species and their habitats unpublished before are given. In total, 53 taxa of Rotifera at difgerent taxonomic level – genus, species and subspecies, from difgerent types of water bodies –natural, artifjcial and interstitial zones have been found (Tab. 1). In the check list, several subspecies of rotifers that have repeatedly been recorded in numerous recent papers concerning the Rotifera fauna in the Rhodope are included. Tie classifjcation system of the listed Rotifera follows the papers of Voigt (1957), Rudescu (1960), Kutikova (1970, 1994), Koste (1978), Segers (2002), Wallace et al. (2006). Tie used subspecies names mostly from the Brachionidae family are according to the species 2000 it is Catalogue of Life (Segers, ed. 2007). Tie classifjcation of genus Lecane in the checklist follows Segers (1993, 1995, 2006) and Segers & Rico-Martinez (2000). Tiese authors reject the validity of the subgenera in the genus Lecane. L. (s. str.), L. (Hemimonostyla) and L. (Monostyla), used previously by Kutikova (1970), Koste (1978) and Koste & Shiel (1990).

22 D. KOŽUHAROV

Research on the Rotifera fauna in the Rhodope Tie fjrst data on Rotifera in the waters of the Rhodope were published by Valkanov (1934 a, b) during three subsequent decades; that author recorded several species and subspecies of rotifers from difgerent types of water bodies mostly in the West parts of the Mountain. More than 60 % of the recorded species and subspecies of Rotifera in the Rhodope were established for the fjrst time by Naidenov during the period 1960- 1984 (Naidenov 1964 a, b, c, 1972, 1976, 1977 a, b, c, 1978, 1984, Naidenov & Sais 1983). Tie papers of Ludskanova (1967, 1970, 1972) also contributed signifjcantly to the kowledge base of the Rotifers in the Rhodopes. Check list of Rotifera found in the water bodies of the Rhodope Tie list contains the rotifers found in the water bodies in the Rhodope with localities and authors who have found them. Tiey belong to 1 class, 1 subclas, 2 superorders, 2

• rders, and 10 families (Tab. 1).

Phylum Rotifera Cuvier, 1817 Class Eurotatoria De Ridder, 1957 Subclass Monogononta Plate, 1889 Superorder Pseudotrocha Kutikova 1970 Order Ploima Hudson et Gosse, 1886

• Fam. Asplanchnidae Eckstein, 1883

Asplanchna priodonta Gosse, 1851 Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1977a, b, 1984; Ivajlovgrad reservoir: Kožuharov, new data Ta b l e 1

Systematic range of the Rotifera taxa found in the Rhodope Mountains Taxa Families Genera Species/Subspecies Phylum Rotifera Class Eurotatoria Subclass Monogononta Superorder Pseudotrocha Order Ploima 9 14 46 Superorder Gnesiotrocha Order Flosculariaceae 2 4 7 Total 11 18 53

Species richness of the Rotifera from the water bodies... 23

• A. priodonta priodonta Gosse, 1851

Batak reservoir – Naidenov 1964, 1976, 1977a, b; Studen Kladenec reservoir: Kožuharov, new data

• A. sieboldii (Leydig, 1854)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1977a, b; Studen Kladenec reservoir, Ivajlovgrad reservoir: Kožuharov, new data

• A. britwellii Gosse, 1850

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1976; Studen Kladenec reservoir: Kozuharov, new data. Asplanchna sp. Studen Kladenec reservoir: Kožuharov, new data

• Fam. Brachionidae Ehrenberg, 1838

Brachionus angularis Gosse, 1851 Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977; Studen Kladenec reservoir: Kožuharov, new data

• B. calycifmorus Pallas, 1766

Everywhere in the Rhodope – standing water bodies: Valkanov, 1934, 1957; Naidenov, 1977 a, b, c, 1978, 1984; Ludskanova, 1972b, 1975

• B. calycifmorus calycifmorus Pallas, 1766

Most of the big reservoirs in the Western and Eastern Rhodope: Ludskanova, 1972b, 1975; Naidenov, 1977

• B. calycifmorus amphiceros Ehrenberg, 1838

In the most of the big reservoirs, fjsh farm ponds: Ludskanova, 1972 b, 1975; Naidenov, 1977, 1981

• B. calycifmorus pala (Ehrenberg, 1833)

Water bodies in the West parts of the Rhodope Mountains. Naidenov, 1977b; Naidenov & Sais, 1983

• B. quadridentatus melheni Barrios et Daday, 1894

Water bodies in the West parts of the Rhodope Mountains: Naidenov, 1977 b; Naidenov & Sais, 1983

• B. sericus Rousselet, 1907

Rozov Kladenec reservoir: Naidenov 1977c Keratella cochlearis (Gosse, 1851) Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Western Rhodope: Valkanov, 1934a, b, Ludskanova, 1972b, 1975, Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1977a, b; Kardjali reservoir in the Eastern Rhodope: Traykov 2005, Kožuharov, new data.

• K. cochlearis hispida (Lauterborn, 1898)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977a

24 D. KOŽUHAROV

• K. tecta (Gosse, 1851)

In small water bodies in the Trigrad region: Naidenov & Sais 1983; Studen Kladenec reservoir: Kožuharov, new data.

• K. quadrata Carlin, 1943

Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Western Rhodope up to an altitude 1500 m a.s.l.: Valkanov, 1934a, b; Naidenov, 1964, 1972, 1977a, b, c, 1984; Naidenov & Sais, 1983; In the East part of the Mountain – Studen Kladenec reservoir, Ivajlovgrad reservoir, Kardjali reservoir: Kožuharov, new data

• K. valga (Ehrenberg, 1834)

Dospat reservoir: Naidenov, 1977 b, c; Studen Kladenec reservoir: Kožuharov, new data

• K. hiemalis Carlin, 1943

Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Rhodope: Naidenov, 1977a, b, c; Naidenov & Sais, 1983

• K. tropica (Apstein, 1907)

Studen kladenec reservoir: Kožuharov, new data Notholca acuminata (Ehrenberg, 1832) Everywhere in the difgerent type of water bodies in the Western Rhodope: Valkanov, 1934; Naidenov, 1964, 1972, 1977

• N. squamula (Müller, 1785)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977 Kellicottia longispina (Kellicott, 1879) Most of the reservoirs in the Western Rhodope: Naidenov, 1977a, b, Naidenov & Sais, 1983; Kardjali reservoir in the Eastern Rhodope: Traykov, 2005, Kožuharov, new data. Plationus patulus (Müller, 1785) Dospat reservoir, fjsh farm ponds: Naidenov, 1977b P . polyacanthus (Berzins, 1943) Bogs in Rhodope Mountains – Trigrad region: Naidenov & Sais, 1983 Platyias quadricornis (Ehenberg, 1832) Dospat reservoir, fjsh farm ponds: Naidenov, 1977 b, Grozev, 2000 P . quadricornis brevispinus (Daday, 1905) Dospat reservoir: Naidenov, 1977 b

• Fam. Dicranophoridae Harring, 1913

Dicranophorus sp Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977 b, c

• Fam. Epiphanidae Harring, 1913

Species richness of the Rotifera from the water bodies... 25

Epiphanes brachionus (Ehrenberg, 1837) Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1976, 1977a, b

• Fam. Euchlanidae Ehrenberg, 1838

Euchlanis dilatata Ehrenberg, 1832 Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Western Rhodope: Valkanov, 1934a, b; Naidenov, 1964, 1972, 1977 a, b; Naidenov & Sais, 1983

• Fam. Lecanidae Remane, 1933

Lecane luna (Müller, 1786) Everywhere in standing water bodies in the Rhodope: Naidenov, 1964, 1972, 1977a, b, c; Naidenov & Sais, 1983; bogs close to Beglika reservoir: Kožuharov, new data.

• L. lunaris (Ehrenberg, 1832)

Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Western Rhodope: Naidenov, 1976, 1977a, b

• Fam. Synchaetidae Hudson et Gosse, 1886

Synchaeta cecilia Rousselet, 1902 Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Western Rhodope: Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1977a, b

• S. pectinata Ehrenberg, 1832

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1976, 1977a, Synchaeta sp. Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1964, 1977; Kardjali reservoir: Kožuharov, new data. Polyarthra vulgaris Carlin, 1943 Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Rhodope: Naidenov, 1964, 1976 P . dolichoptera Idelson, 1925 All big reservoirs in the Rhodope: Naidenov, 1976, 1977a, b P . euryptera Wierzejski, 1891 Fish farm ponds, Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1976 P . major Burckhardt, 1900 Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1976, 1977 a P . minor Voigt, 1904 Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1977

• Fam. Trichocercidae Harring, 1913

Trichocerca (s. str.) rattus (Müller, 1776) Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Rhodope: Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1996; Ludskanova, 1970, 1972, 1975

26 D. KOŽUHAROV

Trichocerca (s. str.) rattus rattus (Müller, 1776) Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Rhodope: Ludskanova, 1972, 1975

• T. ( s. str.) stylata (Gosse, 1851)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977a

• T. (s. str.) weberi (Jennings, 1903)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977a

• T. (s. str.) truncata (Gosse, 1886)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977a

• T. (D.) musculus (Hauer, 1936)

Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Western and Eastern Rhodope: Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1977a; Ludskanova, 1970, 1972 Trichocerca sp. Kardjali reservoir: Kožuharov, new data

• Fam. Trichotriidae Harring, 1913

Trichotria pocillum pocillum (Müller, 1785) Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Western Rhodope: Naidenov, 1976, 1977a, 1984; Naidenov & Sais, 1983 Superorder Gnesiotrocha Kutikova, 1970 Order Flosculariaceae Harring, 1913

• Fam. Conochilidae Harring, 1913

Conochilus unicornis Rousselet, 1892 Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1976

• Fam. Filiniidae Harring et Myers, 1926

Filinia terminalis (Plate, 1886) Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Rhodope: Naidenov, 1964, 1976, 1977a

• F. longiseta (Ehrenberg, 1834)

Water bodies in the Trigrad region: Naidenov & Sais, 1983

• F. passa (Müller, 1786)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977 c

• F. major (Colditz, 1914)

Batak reservoir: Naidenov, 1977 b, c

• Fam. Testudinellidae Harring, 1913

Testudinella truncata (Gosse, 1886) Everywhere in difgerent types of water bodies in the Rhodope: Ludskanova, 1967; Naidenov, 1976; Naidenov & Sais, 1983

Species richness of the Rotifera from the water bodies... 27

Pompholyx complanata Gosse, 1851 In small water bodies in Trigrad region: Naidenov & Sais 1983; bogs near Beglika reservoir: Kožuharov, new data. Discussion about the current state of rotifer faunistics in the Rhodope Tie Rotifera fauna of the Rhodope is much poorer then those from other regions of Bulgaria. In comparison, 265 Rotifera taxa have been found in the water bodies in Bulgaria (Kožuharov, 2007). Till now there have been no data about the fjnding of Rotifers from Subclass Bdelloidea and the species from families Adinetidae, Habrotrochidae, Philodinidae in the Rhodope. Also there were no found species from such big families of subclass Monogononta like Gastropodidae, Proalidae, Floscularidae, Hexarthridae, Trochosphaeridae, Collothecidae. Tie species from these families are common in difgerent types of water bodies in Bulgaria, mostly in the swamps, marshes and the tanks of the waste water treatment plants. Tiey were probably not found in the Rhodope because of the very little information about such types of water bodies in the

• Rhodope. Tiose types of water bodies gives lots of possibilities for the inhabiting benthic
• species. Tie only information we have about rotifers from such water bodies is given

by Naidenov & Sais, 1983 and it concerns difgerent type of pools, swamps and small reservoirs in the regions of the villages Trigrad and Jagodina – West Central part of the

• Mountain. Another important reason is that there are not many natural standing water

bodies in the East parts of the mountain wich are much drier then the West ones. Tie rotifers found in the waters of the Rhodope are mostly plankton and benthoplankton organisms (Golemansky et al., 2005). Few of them are typical benthic and interstitial inhabitants. Most of them have eurybiont characteristics. Till now there have not been any endemic Rotifera species found in the Rhodope. Tiere are several papers and information about pelagic rotifers, but less information is available on species in benthic and interstitial habitats and in the mosses communities. Furthermore, information is lacking about the rotifers in swamps and in temporary pools. We therefore suggest directing more research attention to all of these habitats in the future. References

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Author’s address: Department of General and Applied Hydrobiology Biological Faculty, University of Sofja St. “Kliment Ohridski” Dragan Tzankov 8 blvd., Sofja 1164, Bulgaria e-mail: mitko@biofac.uni-sofja.bg or mitko_bf@abv.bg; phone + 359 281-67-396,

• r +359 2 943-13-20; cell phone +0898/29-71-77

Видово богатство на Rotifera от водни басейни в българската част на Родопите (Южна България) Димитър КОЖУХАРОВ ( Р е з ю м е )

В статията се представени данни за установените до момента ротифери в Родопите. Освен това се дава и информация за срещаемостта и типовете водни басейни, обитавани от съответните Rotifera. Понастоящем са установени 53 таксона на различни нива, характерни за сладководните басейни в Родопите. Повечето от тях са обитатели на пелагиала и на литоралните зони в ралични по тип естествени и изкуствени (язовири и рибовъдни стопанства) стоящи водни басейни. Само няколко вида са обитатели на други типове хабитати. Развитието на ротиферните комплекси и съвременното им състояние на изученост се дискутират в работата. Представени са препоръки, къде би било възможно и желателно търсенето на нови таксони от тази важна за самопречиствателните възможности и трофичната структура на басейните група организми.