Southern California Regional Brine-Concentrate Management Study Southern California Area Office � Approx. 60% of California’s 38.05 million citizens live in the SCAO region � Regional economy: $600+ billion � Approx. 900,000 acres of irrigated land
Southern California Area Office Challenges � Providing Water for Future Needs � Brine Concentrate Management � Watershed Management � Implementing the Colorado River Plan � Implementing CALFED/Bay Delta � Tribal Needs � Local Resource Development � Climate Change
Drought Forecast H 2 O Supply • Colorado • Sierra • SWP/CVP • Local
Southern California Balancing Scarce Water Supplies � Growing demands � Diminishing supply reliability � Regulatory issues � Local water augmentation strategies � Emerging rural demands � Help drought proof the region San Diego San Diego San Diego Where can we increase local supplies and reduce import dependence? � How to manage the brine-concentrate? � Ocean desalination � Economic � Environmental � Brackish groundwater desalination � Regulatory � Recycle – Reuse
USBR’s Regional Recycled Water Studies • Southern California Water Recycling and Reuse Study (SCCWRRS) – Title XVI Authorization – 8 Year Planning Effort Beginning in 1993 – Goal: To Promote More Efficient Use of Total Water Resources by Increasing Use of Reclaimed Water SCCWRRS Project Participants CDWR SOCRA � Led by the U.S. U.S. Bureau of Bureau of Reclamation Reclamation SAWPA SDCWA � In Conjunction CBMWD & With 8 State and WBMWD MWDSC City of City of Local Water San Diego Los Angeles Agencies
SCCWRRS Study Area � 6 Counties � 118 WWTP � Approximately 4 Million AFY Supply � 7300 Demand Locations Goals of SCCWRRS � Phase IA � Data Collection � Data Analysis � Phase IB � Feasibility of Regional Recycling � Identify Opportunities to Maximize Reuse � Alternatives Analysis � Identify Constraints to Regional Recycling � Phase II � Develop Regional Coalition � Identify Projects for Short-Term Implementation � Further Identify Constraints to Local and Regional Recycling � Institutional, Financial, Regulatory, Public Acceptance
SCCWRRS Phase IB - Conclusions � Projected Long-Term Shortfalls � Maximizing Reuse Increases Costs � Brine Disposal SCCWRRS Phase II - Project Approach � Develop Regional Reclaimed Water Strategic Plan � Identify Mini-regional Strategies � San Diego, Inland Empire, LA Basin, Orange County � Identify Projects for Short-Term Implementation (2010) � Investigate Need for Regional Salinity Management and Brine Disposal System � Short and Long-Term Perspectives
SCCWRRS Phase II - Conclusions � Short-Term Implementation Plans � 15 Regional and 19 Single-Agency Projects � Over 451,000 Acre-Feet of Annual Yield � Continue to be Limited by Demands � Constraints � Regulations � Public Perceptions � Institutional Issues � Financial Resources � Investing in an Uncertain Future � Equity Issues - Local Investment vs. Regional Benefit The Southern California Water Recycling Projects Initiative � What was the Initiative? � Regional Component � Water Quality Analysis � Negative Branding � Local Component � Recycled Water Project Implementation Strategies � Successful Public Information & Education Implementation Strategies � Financial Support Opportunities � Project Specific Work
The Initiative Executive Management Team (IEMT) Yucaipa MWDSC BBARWA � Led by the U.S. Bureau of Valley OCSD MWD Reclamation � In Conjunction With 12 CDWR SOCWA State and Local/Area Water and WW Agencies U.S. Bureau of Reclamation CBMWD SAWPA & WBMWD Local Agency Involvement SDCWA � Provide Feedback via LACSD City of City of IEMT San Los Diego Angeles Partnered with Over 55 Local Agencies The Initiative � Overall Objectives � Support Implementation of Local Agency Efforts in Planning of Recycled Water Projects � Further Develop Regional Coalition � Examine Recycled Water Issues on a Local and Regional Basis � Develop Tools and Information to Support Recycled Water project Implementation
The Initiative – Water Quality � IEMT Identified Regional Water Quality Issues � Salinity � Brine Disposal � Water Chemistry/Constituents � Regulations � Level of Use - How Much is Too Much? � Use Types � Performed Research � Reviewed Over 300 Documents � Developed WQ Analysis Report The Initiative – Water Quality Analysis � Data Sources � Over 102 Wastewater/Reclamation Facilities � Over 150 NPDES Permits � Over 28 Desalination or Desalting Plants � Over 96 Groundwater Sub-Basins � Five Regional Water Quality Control Board Basins � Region 4 – Los Angels � Region 6 – Lahontan � Region 7 – Colorado River � Region 8 – Santa Ana � Region 9 – San Diego
The Initiative – Brine/Concentrate Projections � Developed 3 Scenarios � Moderate � Moderate Increase in Effluent Discharges � Moderate Expansion Recycled Water Use (GW = 100%) � Desalters Online by 2010 � Existing Water Conservation Levels � Maximum � Long-term Increase of Effluent Discharges � Aggressive Expansion of Recycled Water Use (GW = 100%) � Implementation of Planned and Proposed Desalters � High of Water Conservation Levels � Extreme - Regulation Changes are Aggressive � Advanced Treatment of Inland WWTP Discharges � Advanced Treatment of All Imported Water and WWTP Flows Brine/Concentrate Projections SUMMARY OF PROJECTED BRINE/CONCENTRATE FLOW GENERATION Extreme-Case Scenarios Condition 1 - Moderate Maximum Inland Condition 2 - Scenario Scenario Discharged All Wastewater Brine/Concentrate Wastewater Flows Generating Processes Flows Brine/Concen. Brine/Concen. Brine/Concen. Brine/Concen. Generation Generation Generation Generation (mgd) (mgd) (mgd) (mgd) Total Wastewater Discharges and Groundwater Desalters 43.7 285.3 358.5 711 Other Brine/Concentrate Sources Seawater Desalination 0 79.8 79.8 79.8 Imported Water 0 0 0 1,221.0 Total All Sources 43.7 365.1 438.3 2,011.8
The Initiative – Water Quality Analysis Conclusions � Increased brine-concentrate mgt costs lead to increased recycled water costs � Increased brine-concentrate flows are projected if more stringent water quality regulations are imposed � Future water recycling may be limited by advanced treatment & brine-concentrate mgt � Ocean disposal via brinelines remains the most feasible solution � Water quality regulations, brineline capacity and limits on ocean disposal will drive need for volume reduction and ZLD solutions, and their evaluation for large flow applications Southern California Regional Brine- Concentrate Management Study � California Department of Water Resources � Central Basin Municipal Water District � City of San Bernardino Water Department � City of San Diego Water Department � County Sanitation District No. 2 of Los Angeles County � Inland Empire Utilities Agency � Irvine Ranch Water District � Lake Arrowhead Community Services District � Los Angeles Department of Water and Power � Metropolitan Water District of Southern California � Orange County Sanitation District � Otay Water District � Rancho California Water District � San Diego County Water Authority � Santa Ana Watershed Project Authority � Southern California Salinity Coalition � West Basin Municipal Water District � Western Municipal Water District
Brine Study � Study Objectives & Benefits � Provide a current picture of the southern California brine- concentrate management and regulatory landscape � Forecast expected disposal capacity and new water source requirements through 2030 Brine Study � Study Objectives & Benefits � Forecast regulatory, treatment and disposal trends in emerging/secondary constituents � Update information on applicable brine-concentrate treatment and disposal options recommended by the Southern California Water Projects Initiative Report to meet forecasted demands
Brine Study � Study Objectives & Benefits � Identify potential joint energy and water/wastewater opportunities � Potentially facilitate the development of new brackish groundwater resources � Potentially provide a means of removing salt loadings from the sewer systems upstream of water recycling plants, thereby improving the plant's product water quality Brine Study � Study Objectives & Benefits � Potentially promote economic growth through analysis, forecasting and project recommendations of brine-concentrate options to meet existing and future residential, commercial and industrial development requirements for reliable water supplies and a safe and efficient method of treating and disposing of brine-concentrates
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