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Solid State Physics (Major, 8 ECTS) 1 physicist over 3 in US - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Solid State Physics (Major, 8 ECTS) 1 physicist over 3 in US declares to be a condensed matter physicist (CMP) CMP: solids, amorphous materials, liquids, soft materials 20 CMP physics Nobel prizes + 5 in chemistry This course


  1. Solid State Physics (Major, 8 ECTS)  1 physicist over 3 in US declares to be a condensed matter physicist (CMP)  CMP: solids, amorphous materials, liquids, soft materials …  20 CMP physics Nobel prizes + 5 in chemistry  This course ⊕ Quantum Effects at Macroscopic Scale ⊕ … = Solid State Physics P. Mendels A. Barthélémy M. Civelli

  2. SSP: some milestones, electronic properties  Transistor: electronic devices, nano-devices

  3. SSP: some milestones, electronic properties  Superconductivity → SQUID, MRI, levitation

  4. SSP: some milestones, electronic properties Les supraconducteurs

  5. Step 1: periodic structures CuO 2 plane Polonium

  6. Step 2: From individual atoms to CMP… Atome Solide Energy bands…

  7. Hamiltonian: let’s model!

  8. Exploring the k space : e - ↔ plane wave ( k ) h v θ e - φ Crystal

  9. Graphene 2010

  10. Transport properties e -

  11. Summary Course prerequisites and corequisites: Fundamentals of Quantum Mechanics. Book : Quantum Mechanics by C. Cohen-Tannoudji, B. Diu, F. Laloë (vol. I and II), Ed Wiley Fundamentals of Statistical Physics. Book : Statistical Mechanics by K. Huang, Ed Wiley. Concepts Philippe Mendels Fabrice Bert of Statistical Physics needed for this course can be easily learnt in parallel. Contents: I Basic model of metals : the free electron gas I-5 Scanning tunneling microscope I-6 Quantization of levels in a magnetic field: quantum oscillations II Crystalline Solids II-1 Structures: crystal lattice and primitive unit cell II-4 Diffraction in practice: lab. X-rays, synchrotron and neutron facilities, electronic microscopy: from formulas to hands on experiments II-5 Beyond crystals: introduction to amorphous solids and soft matter III- Electronic structure of solids IV- Dynamics of electrons V- Electrons at the nanoscale V-1 Coulomb blockade V-2 Band tailoring: heterostructures VI- Semiconductors VI-1 General introduction: Silicium, Germanium, III-V and II-VI families VI-5 Towards applications: diode , LED, solar cells, …

  12. Magnetism Philippe Mendels Fabrice Bert Agnès Barthélémy

  13. From individual spins to magnets

  14. Giant magnetoresistance 2007 ( Orsay, 1 9 8 8 , systèm e Fe/ Cr) ~ + 80% V I

  15. Magnetism Basics in magnetism : from atomic magnetism to collective magnetism Macroscopic properties : domains, walls, magnets Spintronics, magnetic recording

  16. M2 openings Fundamental concepts in physics: condensed matter physics quantum physics Nanoscience : nanophysics nanodevices

  17. PHY564B Nanomaterials and electronic applications (Minor, 4ECTS) This module introduces recent developments in the field of silicon- and carbon-based semiconducting nanomaterials , as well as their principal electronic applications . The following subjects are addressed: • Disordered semiconductors: amorphous, nano- and polycrystalline silicon • Silicon nanowires, carbon nanotubes, graphene: structure and synthesis Characterization techniques for nanomaterials: near-field spectroscopies, etc. • • Electronic applications: photovoltaics, flat panel displays, transistors, sensors, etc. Requirements : Fundamentals of quantum and statistical physics Si nanowires graphene structure nanowire transistor contact : razvigor.ossikovski@polytechnique.edu

  18. Quantum Effects at Macroscopic Scale (Minor, 6 ECTS) P. Simon & M. Ferrier 1st part : Quantum information and quantum computing -1 Quantum systems with a small number of degrees of freedom Spins in a - A qubit, contrary to a bit is magnetic field continuous valued, describable by a direction on the  NMR Bloch sphere  quantum superposition of states -2 Quantum communication and quantum computing - qubits, computing and decoherence - EPR paradox and Bell inequalities - Quantum teleportation

  19. Quantum Effects at Macroscopic Scale (Minor, 6 ECTS) 1 st part : Superconductivity, superfluids and condensate -1 Bose-Einstein Condensation and superfluidity Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Rb gas observed in Fountain effect: consequence of the superfluidity of Helium-4 Boulder by Cornell &Wiemann - 2 Superconductivity : macroscopic aspects, microscopic theory, and thermodynamics

  20. So# ¡Condensed ¡Ma,er ¡

  21. Whar ¡is ¡so# ¡ma,er ¡ 20

  22. Whar ¡is ¡so# ¡ma,er ¡ SM ¡Scale ¡ 20

  23. A ¡lot ¡of ¡stuff ¡we ¡are ¡familiar ¡with… ¡

  24. Macroscopic ¡ Microscopic ¡ Descrip=on ¡ Descrip=on ¡

  25. Macroscopic ¡ Sta=s=cal ¡Mechanics ¡ Microscopic ¡ Descrip=on ¡ Descrip=on ¡

  26. Macroscopic ¡ Sta=s=cal ¡Mechanics ¡ Microscopic ¡ Descrip=on ¡ Descrip=on ¡

  27. Lucasian ¡Chair ¡of ¡Mathema=cs ¡ Isaac ¡Newton ¡ Paul ¡Dirac ¡ Stephen ¡Hawking ¡ 1669 ¡ 1932 ¡ 1979 ¡ 33 ¡Years ¡ 37 ¡Years ¡ 30 ¡Years ¡ Mathema=cs ¡ ¡ Physics ¡ Physics ¡ And ¡Physics ¡

  28. New ¡Lucasian ¡Chair ¡of ¡Mathema=cs ¡ Mike ¡Cates ¡ 2015 ¡ ¡ Sta=s=cal ¡Mechanics ¡and ¡So# ¡Condensed ¡ Ma,er ¡ “The ¡field ¡of ¡so# ¡ma,er ¡is ¡highly ¡ interdisciplinary, ¡bringing ¡together ¡methods ¡ from ¡areas ¡such ¡as ¡elas=city, ¡fluid ¡mechanics, ¡ sta=s=cal ¡mechanics, ¡and ¡computa=onal ¡ science. ¡ ¡In ¡recent ¡years ¡it ¡has ¡expanded ¡to ¡ address ¡many ¡problems ¡in ¡biology, ¡including ¡ the ¡proper=es ¡of ¡cellular ¡cytoskeletons ¡and ¡ collec=ve ¡behaviour ¡of ¡mo=le ¡cells” ¡ ¡ ¡

  29. This ¡so# ¡ma,er! ¡ ¡ FUNDAMENTAL ¡SCIENCE ¡ APPLICATIONS ¡ Theory ¡ Experiment ¡ Computer ¡simula.on ¡

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