Solar Energy in Multi Family Houses 13.04.2019 Oliver Rosebrock, M. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Solar Energy in Multi Family Houses 13.04.2019 Oliver Rosebrock, M. - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Solar Energy in Multi Family Houses 13.04.2019 Oliver Rosebrock, M. Sc. EU Goals for 2050 RE 2030 32 % share CO 2 emissions 2050 80 % to 95 % Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 2

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13.04.2019

Solar Energy in Multi Family Houses

Oliver Rosebrock, M. Sc.

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RE 2030 32 % share

CO2 – emissions 2050

– 80 % to – 95 %

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 2

EU Goals for 2050

13.04.2019

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Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 3

EU Goals for 2050

13.04.2019

> 1/3 of total consumption

source: https://www.energyworldmag.com/eu-energy-consumption-is-now-bellow-its-1990-level/

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renewable energies heat demand

+

How reduce the energy demand for buildings?

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 4 13.04.2019

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solar radiation wind and water biomass

Renewable energy in buildings

environmental heat

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 5 13.04.2019

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solar radiation wind and water biomass

Potential of RE in buiding

environmental heat

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 6 13.04.2019

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integration of solar energy in buildings

passive photo-thermic photo-electric

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 7 13.04.2019

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ST or PV ?

Solarthermal Collectors Photovoltaics

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 8 13.04.2019

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Quelle: 2010\SYSCOST1.XLS

factor 2 factor 8 development of system costs

relative costs [%] year

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 9 13.04.2019

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payback time of investment

5 10 15 20 25 30 ST PV payback time [a]

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 10

Solarthermal Photovoltaics

13.04.2019

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PV or insulation?

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 11

Photovoltaics Insulation

13.04.2019

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insulation or RE?

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 12

U-value [W/(m²K)] insulation thickness [cm]

13.04.2019

10 cm → -80 % 20 cm → -90 %

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insulation or RE?

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 13 13.04.2019

0,00 0,50 1,00 1,50 2,00 2,50 3,00 3,50 1 2 3 4 5 10,0 cm 14,0 cm 18,0 cm 22,0 cm 26,0 cm Ug=1,4 Ug=1,2 Ug=1,1 Ug=0,9 Ug=0,6

Investition zur Einsparung einer Kilowattstunde [€/(kWhPa)]

Was kostet die Einsparung einer kWhP ... ?

Investition PV-Anlage wirtschaftlicher als Verbesserung der Gebäudehülle Kosten der Errichtung einer PV-Anlage je äquivalenter kWhPE/a Zusätzliche Kosten der baulichen Maßnahmen je eingesparter kWhP/a mit Bezug auf Variante 1 Maßnahmen Gebäudehülle wirtschaftlicher als PV-Anlage !

PV

investment for saving a kWh per year

investment in insulation cheaper

1 ,4

€ investment in PV cheaper

very low st. 10 cm double glazing Ug = 1,4 low standard 14 cm double glazing Ug = 1,2 good standard 18 cm double glazing Ug = 1,1 high standard 22 cm triple glazing Ug = 0,9 very high st. 26 cm triple glazing Ug = 0,6

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 14

And in Lithuania?

13.04.2019

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 15

▪ Typical MFH house (~ 14.000 units) 2760 m² living area 55 flats area 63,4 m x 11,05 m 5 storeys ~ 30 % window area ratio on „long side“

13.04.2019

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▪ Typical MFH house (~ 6.000 units) 2043 m² living area 38 flats area 39 m x 15 m 5 storeys ~ 30 % window area ratio on all sides

EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 16 13.04.2019

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 17

simulation of building stock and renovation (Class F, C, A, A++) calculation of final energy demand calculation/simulation of PV-potential

13.04.2019

calculation of costs, payback time, etc. (heat and electricity) for 10 different combinations

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What we are looking at

heating domestic hot water auxiliaries renewable energy (for heating) ventilation

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 18 10.01.2019

household electricity Boundaries efficiency classes Boundaries EUKI:SOL

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 19 13.04.2019 U-Value [W/(m²K]

stock Class C Class A Class A++ Roof

0,85 0,16 → 16 cm ins. 0,10 → 31 cm ins. 0,08 → 40 cm ins.

Wall

1,27 0,25 → 12 cm ins. 0,12 → 26 cm ins. 0,10 → 32 cm ins.

Floor

0,93 0,25 → 10 cm ins. 0,14 → 21 cm ins. 0,10 → 31 cm ins.

Window

2,5 1,6 → double glaz. 1,0 → double glaz. 0,7 → triple glaz.

n50

3 h-1 2 h-1 1 h-1 0,6 h-1

F C A A++

(heat recovery neccessary)

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 20

brick house

F C A A++

155 kWh/(m²a) 70 kWh/(m²a) 50 kWh/(m²a) 15 kWh/(m²a) 60 kWh/(m²a) 60 kWh/(m²a) 60 kWh/(m²a) 60 kWh/(m²a) 23 kWh/(m²a) 23 kWh/(m²a) 23 kWh/(m²a) 26 kWh/(m²a)

increase by ventilation system

13.04.2019

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 21 13.04.2019

Simulation of PV-Integration

20 000 40 000 60 000 80 000 100 000 120 000 production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand production demand 25 % South 50 % South 100 % South 25 % West 50 % West 100 % West 25 % North 50 % North 100 % North 25 % East 50 % East 100 % East electricity [kWh/a] direct self-use feed-in

  • elec. from grid

South North East West

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 22 13.04.2019

F C F F F A A++ C C C

▪ Investigation of 10 variants

building stock, no PV building stock, 25 % PV building stock, 50 % PV building stock, 100 % PV renovation to C, no PV renovation to C, 25 % PV renovation to C, 50 % PV renovation to C, 100 % PV renovation to A, no PV renovation to A++, no PV

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 23 13.04.2019

1 157 500 1 101 500 1 055 900 1 162 100 1 082 400 1 026 300 995 700 1 097 800 1 110 300 1 399 900 500 000 1 000 000 1 500 000 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10

total gross costs 20a [€]

total costs for 20a [€] increase energy price: 2 %/a

Class F Class C no PV 100 % PV no PV 100 % PV A, no PV A++, no PV

total costs 20 years both measures have a huge impact on energy costs integration of PV is less cost-effective than insulation to Class C (V3 to V7) no cost-effectiveness for additional PV larger than PV area that covers demand (V7 to V8) cost-effectiveness of insulation decreases for higher standards than C (V5 to V9)

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 24 13.04.2019

1 157 500 1 101 500 1 055 900 1 162 100 1 082 400 1 026 300 995 700 1 097 800 1 110 300 1 399 900 500 000 1 000 000 1 500 000 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10

total gross costs 20a [€]

total costs for 20a [€] increase energy price: 2 %/a

Class F Class C no PV 100 % PV no PV 100 % PV A, no PV A++, no PV

total costs 20 years both measures have a huge impact on energy costs integration of PV is less cost-effective than insulation to Class C (V3 to V7) no cost-effectiveness for additional PV larger than PV area that covers demand (V7 to V8) cost-effectiveness of insulation decreases for higher standards than C (V5 to V9)

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 25 13.04.2019

1 157 500 1 101 500 1 055 900 1 162 100 1 082 400 1 026 300 995 700 1 097 800 1 110 300 1 399 900 500 000 1 000 000 1 500 000 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10

total gross costs 20a [€]

total costs for 20a [€] increase energy price: 2 %/a

Class F Class C no PV 100 % PV no PV 100 % PV A, no PV A++, no PV

total costs 20 years both measures have a huge impact on energy costs integration of PV is less cost-effective than insulation to Class C (V3 to V7) no cost-effectiveness for additional PV larger than PV area that covers demand (V7 to V8) cost-effectiveness of insulation decreases for higher standards than C (V5 to V9)

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 26 13.04.2019

1 157 500 1 101 500 1 055 900 1 162 100 1 082 400 1 026 300 995 700 1 097 800 1 110 300 1 399 900 500 000 1 000 000 1 500 000 V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10

total gross costs 20a [€]

total costs for 20a [€] increase energy price: 2 %/a

Class F Class C no PV 100 % PV no PV 100 % PV A, no PV A++, no PV

total costs 20 years both measures have a huge impact on energy costs integration of PV is less cost-effective than insulation to Class C (V3 to V7) no cost-effectiveness for additional PV larger than PV area that covers demand (V7 to V8) cost-effectiveness of insulation decreases for higher standards than C (V5 to V9)

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energy demand 4 Persons in a 60 m² flat

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 27

60 m²

How to improve the energy consumption and costs?

13.04.2019

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 28

680 €/a 1005 €/a

Assumptions: costs district heating: 0,064 €/kWh costs electricity: 0,13 €/kWh

60 m²

825 €/a 180 €/a 500 €/a 180 €/a 422 €/a 180 €/a 288 €/a 203 €/a

F C A A++

602 €/a 491 €/a

  • 325 €/a
  • 403 €/a
  • 514 €/a

13.04.2019

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 29

1005 €/a

Assumptions: costs district heating: 0,064 €/kWh costs electricity: 0,13 €/kWh

60 m²

825 €/a 180 €/a 422 €/a 180 €/a 288 €/a 203 €/a

F C A A++

602 €/a 491 €/a

  • 403 €/a
  • 514 €/a

529 €/a 500 €/a 29 €/a

C+PV

  • 476 €/a

(net metering only)

13.04.2019

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EUKI: SOL results

Oliver Rosebrock | Solar energy for multi family houses in Germany | siz-energie-plus.de 30

Assumptions: costs district heating: 0,064 €/kWh costs electricity: 0,13 €/kWh

C + PV 60 m² C A A++

energy costs reduction (compared to F) investment

(60 m² of 2760 m²)

6.715 € 9.271 € 15.760 € 8.226 €

  • 476 €/a
  • 403 €/a
  • 514 €/a
  • 325 €/a

payback

(w/o maintenance or enery price increase)

20 years 23 years 31 years 17 years

13.04.2019

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13.04.2019 Recommendation

Oliver Rosebrock | PV integration MFH Lithuania| siz-energie-plus.de

  • energetic renovation is necessary and economic
  • PV-integration is senseful and economic (with funding)
  • due to high heating demand PV less cost-effective than insulation to Class C
  • cheapest option: insulation to Class C and 50% PV
  • PV-generation should not exceed the house‘s consumption
  • implementation of prizing models for the direct use of PV-electricity necessary necessary
  • cheapest option for 20 years: energetic renovation + 50 % PV

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Thank you for your attention!

Steinbeis-Innovationszentrum SIZ energie+ Leiter: Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Norbert Fisch Stellvertretende Leitung: Dr.-Ing. Stefan Plesser Dipl.-Ing. Matthias Schlosser Mühlenpfordtstraße 23 38106 Braunschweig Kontakt: info@siz-energie-plus.de Internet: www.siz-energie-plus.de Bankverbindung IBAN: DE17 6007 0070 0112 5814 00 BIC: DEUTDESSXXX Steinbeis GmbH & Co. KG für Technologietransfer Haus der Wirtschaft Willi-Bleicher-Straße 19 70174 Stuttgart Telefon: +49 711 / 1839 - 5 Telefax: +49 711 / 1839 - 700 E-Mail: stw@steinbeis.de Internet: www.steinbeis.de Registergericht: Stuttgart HRA 12480 Komplementär: Steinbeis Verwaltungs-GmbH, Registergericht: Stuttgart HRB 18715 Geschäftsführer: Prof. Dr. Michael Auer (Vorsitz), Dipl.-Kfm. Manfred Mattulat USt.-Ident.-Nr.: DE190606404

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