Socio-Technical Work-Rate Increase Associates With Changes in Work - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE19) Socio-Technical Work-Rate Increase Associates With Changes in Work Patterns in Online Projects Farhana Sarker Bogdan Vasilescu Kelly Blincoe Vladimir Filkov Image source:
International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE’19)
Farhana Sarker Bogdan Vasilescu Kelly Blincoe Vladimir Filkov @b_vasilescu @KellyBlincoe @vlfilkov
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❖ GitHub is like being onstage
(Dabbish et al. 2012), (Marlow et al. 2013)
❖ Communication overload causes stress and
reduces productivity (Reinke and Chamorro-Premuzic 2014), (Kalman and Rafaeli 2011), (Reinecke et al. 2017)
❖ Social pressure to respond quickly is associated
with burnout and anxiety (Reinecke et al. 2017)
❖ Multi-tasking common, causes stress
(Vasilescu et al., 2016), (Mark et al., 2008)
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Perceived Causes and Impacts of Stress
Prevalence of high work-rates
Effects of increased workload
Data mining
Sample:
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+ Developer Survey
Open-ended Questions
Likert-scale questions
What causes you work-related stress? My work-related stress is caused by deadlines. Strongly disagree Somewhat disagree Neither agree nor disagree Somewhat agree Strongly agree
20 2012 2014 2016
Week Number of Comments
1 Std. Dev. Mean
20 30 40 2012 2014 2016
Week Number of Commits
1 Std. Dev. Mean
?
Prevalence of high work-rates
9% 10% 15% 18% 24% 20% 24% 35% 50% 81% 76% 68% 65% 54% 51% 44% 44% 17% 10% 14% 17% 18% 22% 28% 31% 22% 33%
Co-workers or manager Working on many things in parallel Deadlines Performance / quality pressure Time pressure / too much work Unclear or unrealistic requirements Unfulfilling work Communication issues Culture or language barriers 100 50 50 100
Percentage
Response Strongly disagree Somewhat disagree Neither agree nor disagree Somewhat agree Strongly agree
?
Perceived Causes and Impacts of Stress
`
11% 15% 10% 5% 30% 52% 60% 50% 70% 68% 64% 56% 32% 16% 15% 5% 19% 17% 26% 39% 38% 32% 25% 45%
I communicate my communications are terse my communications are negative I work outside of my normal business hours the number of hours I work is I produce high quality code I am productive I stop working on the project 100 50 50 100
Percentage
Response Much less Somewhat less About the same Somewhat more Much more
Senti4SD (Cafelato et al., 2018)
?
Perceived Causes and Impacts of Stress
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?
Effects of increased workload
Day
A B C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Project Day
A B C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Project
(Vasilescu et al., 2016)
% Comments
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Project A B C D
% Comments
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
Project A B C D
High focus Low focus
(Vasilescu et al., 2016)
Day
A B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Project Day
A B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Project
(Vasilescu et al., 2016),(Xuan et al., 2014)
Responses
Controls
Sample:
Multi-tasking Predictors
A B C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A B C D A B 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
vs.
Day-to-day focus (less predictable)
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
Company affiliation
vs.
High levels
per day
vs.
Focused commenting
vs.
Day-to-day focus (repeatability)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 A B C D A B C D 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
Higher LOC added
vs.
Focused commenting
A B C D A B C D
vs.
Day-to-day focus (repeatability)
1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6
❖ Higher than normal
❖ Commenting on many
❖ Committing on many
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