Social norms and strategies in crowds where pedestrian dynamics - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Social norms and strategies in crowds where pedestrian dynamics - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

May 07, 2023 225 likes •430 views

Social norms and strategies in crowds where pedestrian dynamics need social psychology Anna Sieben, Ruhr-Universitt Bochum Jette Schumann, Forschungszentrum Jlich Armin Seyfried, Forschungszentrum Jlich 1 1. Experimental setup

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Social norms and strategies in crowds – where pedestrian dynamics need social psychology

Anna Sieben, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Jette Schumann, Forschungszentrum Jülich Armin Seyfried, Forschungszentrum Jülich

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  • 1. Experimental setup
  • part of BaSiGo experimental studies
  • two structures of spatial barriers: semicircle setup and corridor setup
  • instruction: “Try to be one of the first to pass through the entrance”
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Results: Density

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Results: Density and its development over time

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  • 2. Questionnaire study
  • ex post study, participants did not take part in experiments
  • videos projected onto screen, participants asked to imagine to be standing in one
  • f the designated areas
  • questionnaire contains of four parts: before and after watching video; setup

semicircle and setup corridor (half of them in reverse order)

  • participants: 60 students (social sciences, engineering)
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Variables in ques-onnaire:

6-point-scale:

  • how just?
  • how likely to be one of the first 100?
  • how comfortable?

yes/no:

  • can you contribute to accessing faster?
  • have you observed inappropriate behavior?
  • pen-ended:
  • strategies for accessing faster
  • forms of inappropriate behavior
  • social norms
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Results: Social norms

semicircle corridor the strongest wins/right of the stronger (15) no rules (15) first come, first served (7) norm of queuing/lining up (16)

  • rderly behavior (11)

pushing and shoving are forbidden (10)

  • pen-ended quesGon: Which norms apply for this setup?

in brackets: frequency of menGoning

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Results: Level of comfort and perceived justness

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Results: Observed inappropriate behavior

people showing inappropriate behavior semicircle corridor

nobody/few 59,4 % 94,9 % a lot/all 40,6 % 5,1 %

semicircle corridor

pushing and shoving (35) pushing someone aside (11) jostling (9) pushing and shoving (16) slightly pushing and shoving (4) jostling (3) standing sGll (3) yes/no quesGon: Have you observed inappropriate behavior?

  • pen-ended quesGon: Forms of inappropriate behavior
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Results: Strategies for being faster

contribu-on to faster access semicircle corridor

before 78.3 % 71.7 % aOer 48.3 % 31.7 %

semicircle corridor

pushing and shoving (25) using and filling gaps (10) using elbows/arms/shoulders (9) pushing and shoving (21) staying on the leO hand side (11) using and filling gaps (4) yes/no quesGon: Can you contribute to accessing faster?

  • pen-ended quesGon: Strategies for accessing faster
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Results: Summary

semicircle corridor

social norms right of the stronger queuing/no pushing level of comfort lower higher perceived justness lower higher

  • bserved inappropriate behavior more

less contribuGon for faster access more less

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  • 3. Theoretical framework: Locating social

psychology in pedestrian dynamics

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  • 3. Theoretical framework: Locating social

psychology in pedestrian dynamics

collec-ve ac-on pedestrians as human subjects psychological acGon-theoreGcal models e.g. norms, strategies

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  • 3. Theoretical framework: Locating social

psychology in pedestrian dynamics

collec-ve behavior pedestrians as animals innate or learned sGmulus-response-associaGons, unconscious cogniGve processing e.g. swarms, flocks collec-ve ac-on pedestrians as human subjects psychological acGon-theoreGcal models e.g. norms, strategies

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  • 3. Theoretical framework: Locating social

psychology in pedestrian dynamics

collec-ve phenomena parGcipants as parGcles physical models e.g. lane formaGon, clogging at boUlenecks collec-ve behavior pedestrians as animals innate or learned sGmulus-response-associaGons, unconscious cogniGve processing e.g. swarms, flocks collec-ve ac-on pedestrians as human subjects psychological acGon-theoreGcal models e.g. norms, strategies

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density keeping distance − + pushing ±

  • 4. Diagram for a static perspective
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density keeping distance − + pushing ± moGvaGon for accessing social norms against pushing perceived justness prospect of success of pushing + + – –

  • 4. Diagram for a static perspective
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density keeping distance − + pushing ± moGvaGon for accessing social norms against pushing perceived justness prospect of success of pushing limited resources transparent procedure strength of need/ desire spaGal structure … + + – –

  • 4. Diagram for a static perspective
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density keeping distance − + pushing ± moGvaGon for accessing social norms against pushing perceived justness prospect of success of pushing limited resources transparent procedure strength of need/ desire spaGal structure … + + – – external factors psychological variables behavior objecGve measure

  • 4. Diagram for a static perspective
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Force-based models: F = Fdrv + Frep

Fdrv = (V0 – V)/τ

V0 = intended speed

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density intended speed ± moGvaGon for accessing social norms against pushing perceived justness prospect of success of pushing limited resources transparent procedure strength of need/ desire spaGal structure … + + – – external factors psychological variables behavior objecGve measure