Sloth Bear Conservation in CNP Project funded under: Presented by: - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Sep 17, 2023 8 likes •178 views

Sloth Bear Conservation in CNP Project funded under: Presented by: N.P. Gautam (PI) and B. R. Lamchhane (Conservation Officer 2011 NTNC, BCC, Chitwan) Background Mammals in Nepal Particulars Number Total mammal species 208

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Sloth Bear Conservation in CNP

Presented by: N.P. Gautam (PI) and

B. R. Lamchhane

(Conservation Officer NTNC, BCC, Chitwan) Project funded under: 2011

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Background – Mammals in Nepal

Particulars Number Total mammal species 208 Threatened 56 Protected 27 Data deficit 79

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BIO-DIVERSITY of Chitwan

 More than 40 lakes  Three major river system (Reu, Rapti and Narayani)  Variety of forest and Grassland types

Taxa Nepal Chitwan % Mammals 208 68 37 Birds 869 544 61 Amphibians and Reptiles 143 49 34 Fish 185 120 65

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Sloth Bear (Melursus ursinus)

IUCN red list
Globally – vulnerable
Nationally - endangered
CITES – Appendix-1
One of the three bear

species found in Nepal (Himalayan black bear, Brown bear and Sloth bear)

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Distribution in world

1. Nepal
2. India
3. Sri Lanka
4. Bangladesh

and

5. Bhutan

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Distribution in Nepal

8 districts of Terai & Siwaliks (map) Bardia NP, Chitwan NP, Parsa WR, Bara, Banke, Kailali and Dang. extirpated in Suklaphanta WR (1994)

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Population

Global population: 10-

20,000

National Population: <

1000 ( National red list)

Population in CNP : 200-

250 (Joshi, 1994)

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Chitwan- Occupancy survey 2008-9

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Occupancy results

Habitat No of signs recorded Streamline/riverbed 29 Sal forest 197 Grassland 20 Riverine forest 35 Mixed forest 46 Other 15 Total 342

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Camera trap 2010

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Camera trapping locations

Particulars Number Total camera locations 310 Locations where sloth bears has captured 44 Total independent captures 75

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Habitat and food

Sloth Bears occur in a wide variety of habitats

ranging from grasslands, thorn scrub, sal forest, moist evergreen forest and riverine forest.

The main food sources for this species are

termites, honey, berries, roots, carrion, insects and fruit.

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Ecology

Home range: 10 – 15 Km² Life span: 40 years Gestation: 7 months Litter size: 1 – 2 cubs

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Conservation threats

Human-bear conflict
Injuries – 6 (2009), 9 (2010)
Livestock – 1 (2010)
Habitat loss/degradation
Poaching (esp. for bile)
Bear baiting (trapping for entertainment

purposes – dancing)

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Way forward

Assessment of status and distribution
Conservation awareness
Enhanced law enforcements
Translocation of species from high occupancy

areas

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Acknowledgement: Naresh Subedi –NTNC, BCC Chitwan Nepal Baburam Lamichhane - NTNC, BCC Chitwan Nepal DNPWC Kathmandu WWF-Nepal CNP Kasara, Nepal All respondents of the survey Rufford

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